Cognitive Psychology Chapter 7

Free recall of the stimulus list "apple, desk, shoe, sofa, plum, chair, cherry, coat, lamp, pants" will most likely yield which of these response patterns?

"Apple, cherry, plum, shoe, coat, pants, lamp, chair"

What statement is most closely associated with the levels of processing theory?

Deep processing involves paying closer attention to a stimulus than shallow processing and results in better processing.

Elementary school students in the United States are often taught to use the very familiar word "HOMES" as a cue for remembering the names of the Great Lakes. This memory procedure usually works better than repeating the names over and over. The use of this familiar word provides an example of what?

Elaborative rehearsal

According to the levels of processing theory, memory durability depends on the depth at which information is:

Encoded

The concept of encoding specificity is grounded in what?

Location

According to the levels of processing theory, which of the following tasks will produce the best long-term memory for a set of words?

Making a connection between each word and something you've previously learned

The maintenance rehearsal task of learning a word by repeating it over and over again is most likely to:

Produce some short-term remembering, but fail to produce longer-term memories

Which of the following is a key factor in the memory-enhancing capacity of sleep?

Reconsolidation

Jenkins and Russell (1952) presented a list of words like "chair, apple, dish, shoe, cherry, sofa" to participants. In a test, participants recalled the words in a different order than the order in which they were originally presented. This result occurred because of the

Tendency of objects in the same category to become organized

Transfer-appropriate processing is likely to occur if:

The type of encoding task matches the type of retrieval task

Mantyla's "banana / yellow, bunches, edible" experiment demonstrates that, for best memory performance, retrieval cues should be created:

by the person whose memory will be tested

In the experiment conducted by Viskontas and coworkers using picture pairs, a participant's later experience of familiarity with a particular pair was coded as:

"Know"

People often report an annoying memory failure when they walk from one end of the house to the other for something and then forget what they wanted when they reach their destination. As soon as they return to the first room, they are reminded of what they wanted in the first place. This common experience best illustrates the principle of...

Encoding specificity

Within the context of studying, which of the following would be related to an illusion?

Highlighting

Which of the following provides the key benefit to the generate-and-test study strategy?

Engagement

Hebb's idea of long-term potentiation, which provides a physiological mechanism for the long-term storage of memories, includes the idea of:

Increased firing in the neurons

elaborative rehearsal of a word is LEAST likely to be accomplished by:

Repeating it over and over

Examples from your book describing real life experiences of how memories, even from a long time ago, can be stimulated by locations, songs, and smells highlight the importance of...?

Retrieval cues

What type of cues can help us remember information that has been stored in memory?

Retrieval cues

According to memory research, studying is most effective if study sessions are:

Short and across several days

The principle that we encode information together with its context is known as encoding...?

Specificity

James Nairne would say that the effective encoding of memory is based on which of the following?

Survival