College Bio 1123 Chapter 54 Smartbook

Light can be a limiting resource for plant growth because a. it is necessary for gamete development b. it is necessary for activation of enzymes c. it is necessary for protein synthesis d. it is necessary for photosynthesis

Light can be a limiting resource for plant growth because a. it is necessary for gamete development b. it is necessary for activation of enzymes c. it is necessary for protein synthesis *d. it is necessary for photosynthesis*

Match the following interactions ____ Interactions among organisms ____ Interactions between organisms and their nonliving environment a. Biotic interactions b. Abiotic interactions

Match the following interactions *a. Interactions among organisms* *b. Interactions between organisms and their nonliving environment* a. Biotic interactions b. Abiotic interactions

Most prairies are now being used for ________ , and the original grassland habitats are rare

Most prairies are now being used for *agriculture* , and the original grassland habitats are rare

________ ________ exist in many areas of the world, but among the largest are the Himalayas in Asia, the Rockies in North America, and the Andes in South America

Mountain ranges

Much of the temperate deciduous forest is destroyed because human population used them for a. development b. mining and drilling c. agriculture d. hunting

Much of the temperate deciduous forest is destroyed because human population used them for *a. development* b. mining and drilling *c. agriculture* d. hunting

Of the animals listed here, which is the most common in hot deserts? a. Small mammals b. Reptiles c. Amphibians d. Large mammals

Of the animals listed here, which is the most common in hot deserts? a. Small mammals *b. Reptiles* c. Amphibians d. Large mammals

On the windward side of the mountain warm, moist air flows upward and cools. This increases ______ on the windward side of a mountain a. precipitation b. soil salinity c. evaporation d. temperature

On the windward side of the mountain warm, moist air flows upward and cools. This increases ______ on the windward side of a mountain *a. precipitation* b. soil salinity c. evaporation d. temperature

Original temperate grassland habitats are among the rarest biomes in the world because primarily humans have a. converted it to desert-like land through process of desertification b. been using prairie soil for research, and military c. been using prairie soil to build factories d. been using prairie soil for agriculture, and farming

Original temperate grassland habitats are among the rarest biomes in the world because primarily humans have a. converted it to desert-like land through process of desertification b. been using prairie soil for research, and military c. been using prairie soil to build factories *d. been using prairie soil for agriculture, and farming*

Rank the steps of the scientific method, from first at the top to last at bottom a. Data analysis b. Hypothesis formation c. Experimentation d. Acceptance or rejection of the hypothesis e. Observations

Rank the steps of the scientific method, from first at the top to last at bottom e. Observations b. Hypothesis formation c. Experimentation a. Data analysis d. Acceptance or rejection of the hypothesis

Performing an experiment several times is called

Replication

Reptiles are numerous in hot deserts, because high temperatures permit these ______ animals to maintain a warm body temperature a. endothermic b. homeothermic c. ectothermic d. thermophilic

Reptiles are numerous in hot deserts, because high temperatures permit these ______ animals to maintain a warm body temperature a. endothermic b. homeothermic *c. ectothermic* d. thermophilic

Select all human activities that affect tropical rain forests. a. Development of oil reserves b. Clearing land for cattle c. Logging land for agriculture

Select all human activities that affect tropical rain forests. a. Development of oil reserves ( no, this human activity mainly affects the temperate coniferous forests) *b. Clearing land for cattle* *c. Logging land for agriculture*

Select all mechanisms underlying disjunct distributions a. Continental drift b. Extinction c. Human formation of zoos d. Change in climate patterns e. Change in the existence of land bridges

Select all mechanisms underlying disjunct distributions *a. Continental drift* *b. Extinction* c. Human formation of zoos *d. Change in climate patterns* *e. Change in the existence of land bridges*

Select all of the correct descriptions of how temperature affects organisms a. Some plants require fire for seed germination b. Low temperatures can cause coral bleaching c. High temperatures can cause cells to burst d. Low temperatures freeze many plants e. High temperatures denature proteins

Select all of the correct descriptions of how temperature affects organisms *a. Some plants require fire for seed germination* b. Low temperatures can cause coral bleaching c. High temperatures can cause cells to burst *d. Low temperatures freeze many plants* *e. High temperatures denature proteins*

Select all reasons why there is less heat at high latitudes a. There is less carbon dioxide in the atmosphere b. The thinner air in the mountains cannot retain the heat c. The sun's rays travel a greater distance through the atmosphere d. The sun's rays hit the Earth obliquely

Select all reasons why there is less heat at high latitudes a. There is less carbon dioxide in the atmosphere b. The thinner air in the mountains cannot retain the heat *c. The sun's rays travel a greater distance through the atmosphere* *d. The sun's rays hit the Earth obliquely*

Select all the characteristics of water that are crucial to living organisms a. It is the means by which animals eliminate waste. b. It aligns spindles during cell division. c. It is a reactant for cellular respiration. d. It takes part in hydrolysis and dehydration reactions. e. It acts as a solvent for chemical reactions. f. It is used for support in plants. g. It is part of the hydrostatic skeleton in some invertebrates.

Select all the characteristics of water that are crucial to living organisms *a. It is the means by which animals eliminate waste* b. It aligns spindles during cell division (no, water is a product of cellular respiration) c. It is a reactant for cellular respiration (no, it aligns spindles during cell division) *d. It takes part in hydrolysis and dehydration reactions* *e. It acts as a solvent for chemical reactions* *f. It is used for support in plants* *g. It is part of the hydrostatic skeleton in some invertebrates*

Select the human activities that have had an effect on temperate coniferous forests a. Logging b. Deforestation for agriculture c. Desertification due to grazing d. Development of oil reserves e. Development of natural gas reserves

Select the human activities that have had an effect on temperate coniferous forests *a. Logging* b. Deforestation for agriculture c. Desertification due to grazing *d. Development of oil reserves* *e. Development of natural gas reserves*

Temperature, wind, precipitation, and light are components of ________ , the prevailing weather pattern of a given region

Temperature, wind, precipitation, and light are components of *climate* , the prevailing weather pattern of a given region

The ________ of water can be classified as acidic, alkaline, or neutral

The *pH* of water can be classified as acidic, alkaline, or neutral

The distribution patterns of some groups of animals are confined to a region that corresponds largely to continents but more exactly to areas bounded by major barriers to dispersal. This region is called a. the intertropical convergence zone b. a biome c. tropical region d. biogeographical region

The distribution patterns of some groups of animals are confined to a region that corresponds largely to continents but more exactly to areas bounded by major barriers to dispersal. This region is called a. the intertropical convergence zone b. a biome c. tropical region *d. biogeographical region*

The focus of ________ ecology is to determine the basis of differences in species richness

The focus of *community* ecology is to determine the basis of differences in species richness

The interacting system of a community of organisms and the physical environment in which they live is called a. succession b. an ecosystem c. competition

The interacting system of a community of organisms and the physical environment in which they live is called a. succession *b. an ecosystem* c. competition

________ is the study of the geographic distribution of extinct and living species

*Biogeography* is the study of the geographic distribution of extinct and living species

Water is at its most dense at ____ degrees C and becomes less dense as it warms or cools

4

A South American biomes that has abundant rainfall (exceeds 230 cm per year), year round hot temperature, hundreds of different tree species is most likely a. Temperate rain forest b. Temperate deciduous forest c. Tropical deciduous forest d. Tropical rain forest

A South American biomes that has abundant rainfall (exceeds 230 cm per year), year round hot temperature, hundreds of different tree species is most likely a. Temperate rain forest b. Temperate deciduous forest c. Tropical deciduous forest *d. Tropical rain forest*

A large naturally occurring community of animals and plants occupying a major habitat is best defined as a(n) a. domain b. ecosystem c. population d. biome

A large naturally occurring community of animals and plants occupying a major habitat is best defined as a(n) a. domain b. ecosystem c. population *d. biome*

After researchers replicate an experiment several times they a. take the mean of all experiments b. choose the experiment with the lowest numerical value c. choose the experiment with the highest numerical value d. choose the experiment that best supports their hypothesis

After researchers replicate an experiment several times they *a. take the mean of all experiments* b. choose the experiment with the lowest numerical value c. choose the experiment with the highest numerical value d. choose the experiment that best supports their hypothesis

Animals in temperate deciduous forest are adapted to its climate. Match the animal to the correct adaptation ____ Birds ____ Insects ____ Mammals a. hibernation b. migration c. diapause

Animals in temperate deciduous forest are adapted to its climate. Match the animal to the correct adaptation b. Birds c. Insects a. Mammals a. hibernation b. migration c. diapause

Arrange the following levels of organization in the correct sequence. Start with the least inclusive (i.e., fewest number of organisms) at the top and end with the most inclusive at the bottom a. Individual b. Ecosystem c. Population d. Community

Arrange the following levels of organization in the correct sequence. Start with the least inclusive (i.e., fewest number of organisms) at the top and end with the most inclusive at the bottom a. Individual c. Population d. Community b. Ecosystem

As air heats up, it rises, allowing cooler air to rush in and take its place. This temperature gradient creates a. wind b. flooding c. the greenhouse effect d. global warming

As air heats up, it rises, allowing cooler air to rush in and take its place. This temperature gradient creates *a. wind* b. flooding c. the greenhouse effect d. global warming

At ______ water freezes and is in its ______ dense state a. 0 degrees C; most b. -4 degrees C; least c. 0 degrees C; least d. 4 degrees C; most

At ______ water freezes and is in its ______ dense state a. 0 degrees C; most b. -4 degrees C; least *c. 0 degrees C; least* d. 4 degrees C; most

Major types of habitat characterized by distinctive plant and animal life is known as a(n)

Biome

Biome type relies on climate, except on mountain ranges, where temperature and precipitation change dramatically with changes in a. season b. latitude c. elevation d. longitude

Biome type relies on climate, except on mountain ranges, where temperature and precipitation change dramatically with changes in a. season b. latitude *c. elevation* d. longitude

Choose all abiotic factors that limit distribution patterns and abundance of organisms a. Water b. Salinity c. Pathogens d. Temperature e. Wind

Choose all abiotic factors that limit distribution patterns and abundance of organisms *a. Water* *b. Salinity* c. Pathogens *d. Temperature* *e. Wind*

In a ________ ________ biome, it is difficult to grow crops because of the combination of low temperatures and low

Cold desert

Community ecological studies focus on how a. populations of species interact with each other b. biomes interact with each other c. individuals within a species interact with each other

Community ecological studies focus on how *a. populations of species interact with each other* b. biomes interact with each other c. individuals within a species interact with each othe

Compared to rivers, oceans contain considerably more dissolved minerals because: a. more oceanic animals die, decompose and minerals are release in the ocean b. the sun evaporates pure water from ocean surfaces c. the more diverse and dense aquatic population of animals excrete more minerals d. oceans continually receive the nutrient-rich waters of rivers

Compared to rivers, oceans contain considerably more dissolved minerals because a. more oceanic animals die, decompose and minerals are release in the ocean *b. the sun evaporates pure water from ocean surfaces* c. the more diverse and dense aquatic population of animals excrete more minerals *d. oceans continually receive the nutrient-rich waters of rivers*

The presence on different continents of fossils of large land animals that could not have easily dispersed among continents is likely due to

Continental drift

Widely separate populations of closely related species are called ________ distributions

Disjunct

Ecology as a discipline directly deals with all of the following levels of biological organization except a. ecosystem b. cellular c. organismal d. population

Ecology as a discipline directly deals with all of the following levels of biological organization except a. ecosystem *b. cellular* c. organismal d. population

A(n) ________ is a community of organisms and its interactions with the physical environment

Ecosystem

True or false: Biogeographical regions are not bounded by major barriers to dispersal

False ( Biogeographical regions are regions that are bounded by barriers to dispersal, such as the Himalayas and the Sahara Desert )

True or false: Ecologists recognize that all communities clearly fit into one of the 10 major biome types

False ( not all communities fit neatly. Often, one biome type often grades into another, as seen on mountain ranges )

Herds of antelope, zebra, wildebeest, and predators such as cheetah, lion, leopard, and hyena are found in the ______ biome a. temperate deciduous forest b. tropical grassland c. tropical rainforest d. temperate grassland

Herds of antelope, zebra, wildebeest, and predators such as cheetah, lion, leopard, and hyena are found in the ______ biome a. temperate deciduous forest *b. tropical grassland* c. tropical rainforest d. temperate grassland

Hot deserts are affected by humans in all of the following ways except a. irrigation schemes b. use of underground water and growth of crops c. off-road vehicles d. introduction of predators

Hot deserts are affected by humans in all of the following ways except a. irrigation schemes b. use of underground water and growth of crops c. off-road vehicles *d. introduction of predators*

How do human activities affect the temperate rain forest? a. Humans clear the forest for pasturage of domestic animals b. Humans clear the forest for oil drilling operations c. Humans clear the forest for natural gas exploration d. Humans use the forest for wood and supplies

How do human activities affect the temperate rain forest? a. Humans clear the forest for pasturage of domestic animals b. Humans clear the forest for oil drilling operations c. Humans clear the forest for natural gas exploration *d. Humans use the forest for wood and supplies*

How do humans affect the cold desert? a. The desert is overused for growing crops b. Logging reduces native desert vegetation c. Off-road vehicles cause erosion and destroy vegetation d. Growth of pasture and grazing of livestock hurts native plants

How do humans affect the cold desert? a. The desert is overused for growing crops b. Logging reduces native desert vegetation *c. Off-road vehicles cause erosion and destroy vegetation* d. Growth of pasture and grazing of livestock hurts native plants

How is wind created? a. Dense cool air rushes in to replace less dense hot air that rises b. Dense hot air rushes in to replace less dense cool air that rises c. Less dense cool air rushes in to replace dense hot air that rises d. Less dense hot air rushes in to replace dense cool air that rises

How is wind created? *a. Dense cool air rushes in to replace less dense hot air that rises* b. Dense hot air rushes in to replace less dense cool air that rises c. Less dense cool air rushes in to replace dense hot air that rises d. Less dense hot air rushes in to replace dense cool air that rises

After conducting observations, ecologists carry out experiments to test their

Hypothesis

In a(n) rain forest, the canopy is nearly closed and trees have large buttresses to support their shallow root systems

In a *tropical* rain forest, the canopy is nearly closed and trees have large buttresses to support their shallow root systems

In addition to gases such as carbon dioxide and water, photosynthesis also requires ________ , which can be a limiting resource for plants

In addition to gases such as carbon dioxide and water, photosynthesis also requires *sunlight* , which can be a limiting resource for plants

In general, abiotic factors have powerful effects in most ecological systems. Which of the following is an abiotic factor? a. Predation b. Parasites c. Competition d. Salinity

In general, abiotic factors have powerful effects in most ecological systems. Which of the following is an abiotic factor? a. Predation b. Parasites c. Competition *d. Salinity*

In mountainous environment, ranges of temperatures decrease with increasing elevation through adiabatic cooling. Thus, precipitation and temperature may change dramatically, depending on (select all that apply) a. ocean current b. elevation c. leeward versus windward side d. latitude

In mountainous environment, ranges of temperatures decrease with increasing elevation through adiabatic cooling. Thus, precipitation and temperature may change dramatically, depending on (select all that apply) a. ocean current *b. elevation* *c. leeward versus windward side* d. latitude

In mountains, when air is blown across the Earth's surface and up over the mountains, it cools as air expands because of a. reduced pressure b. increased pressure

In mountains, when air is blown across the Earth's surface and up over the mountains, it cools as air expands because of *a. reduced pressure* b. increased pressure

In what biome are you most likely to find animals that hibernate, migrate, or enter into diapause? a. Temperate rain forest b. Tropical deciduous forest c. Temperate deciduous forest

In what biome are you most likely to find animals that hibernate, migrate, or enter into diapause? a. Temperate rain forest ( no, doesn't get cold enough to require these adaptations ) b. Tropical deciduous forest ( no, same explanation as above ) *c. Temperate deciduous forest*

Interactions among organisms and the living environment are called ________ interactions, and those between organisms and their nonliving environment are termed ________ interactions

Interactions among organisms and the living environment are called *biotic* interactions, and those between organisms and their nonliving environment are termed *abiotic* interactions

The main objective of studying population ecology is to understand the factors that affect a. the behavior of individuals and determine reproductive success b. a population's growth and determine its size and density c. the effect of selection pressure on the genetic makeup of populations

The main objective of studying population ecology is to understand the factors that affect a. the behavior of individuals and determine reproductive success *b. a population's growth and determine its size and density* c. the effect of selection pressure on the genetic makeup of populations

The marine biome called the ________ zone is the area where the land meets the sea, and is alternately submerged and exposed by the daily cycle of tides

The marine biome called the *intertidal* zone is the area where the land meets the sea, and is alternately submerged and exposed by the daily cycle of tides

The study of the geographic distribution of extinct and living species is called a. biogeography b. phylogeography c. paleobiogeography d. landscape ecology

The study of the geographic distribution of extinct and living species is called *a. biogeography* b. phylogeography c. paleobiogeography d. landscape ecology

The study of the physiological response of an organism to its environment and the impact of the environment on the species distribution is called: a. population ecology b. ecosystem ecology c. community ecology d. organismal ecology

The study of the physiological response of an organism to its environment and the impact of the environment on the species distribution is called: a. population ecology b. ecosystem ecology c. community ecology *d. organismal ecology*

The three types of pH are ________ , ________ , or ________

The three types of pH are *acidic, alkaline, or neutral*

This biome is found in equatorial regions, has a very high species diversity, and contains trees with buttress roots to support their shallow root systems a. Tropical grasslands b. Temperate deciduous forest c. Tropical rain forest

This biome is found in equatorial regions, has a very high species diversity, and contains trees with buttress roots to support their shallow root systems a. Tropical grasslands ( no, same location, but not characterized by trees) b. Temperate deciduous forest ( no, temperate regions and deeper soil) *c. Tropical rain forest*

Tropical regions vary about ______ year round a. 4-5 degrees C b. 10-20 degrees C c. 0.5-1.0 degrees C d. 2-3 degrees C

Tropical regions vary about ______ year round a. 4-5 degrees C b. 10-20 degrees C c. 0.5-1.0 degrees C *d. 2-3 degrees C*

Extraction of oil from the ________ biome has the potential to have a significant impact, and ecosystem recovery from the damage would be slow, hurting populations of polar bears and caribou

Tundra

________ acts as a solvent for chemical reactions, is the means by which animals eliminate waste, and is used for support in plants.

Water

What abiotic factor may cause protein denaturation? a. High temperature b. High light intensity c. Excess water d. High wind speeds

What abiotic factor may cause protein denaturation? a. High temperature b. High light intensity c. Excess water d. High wind speeds

What accounts for a distribution of similar plant and animal species and fossils in South America, Africa, India, Antarctica, and Australia? a. A massive volcano eruption b. Migration c. Continental drift d. Severe flooding

What accounts for a distribution of similar plant and animal species and fossils in South America, Africa, India, Antarctica, and Australia? a. A massive volcano eruption b. Migration *c. Continental drift* d. Severe flooding

What biome is distributed worldwide and consists of sandy shore, mudflats, or rocky shore? a. Coral reef b. Lentic habitats c. Intertidal zone

What biome is distributed worldwide and consists of sandy shore, mudflats, or rocky shore? a. Coral reef ( no, only found in warm, tropical waters) b. Lentic habitats ( no, are in deep water ) *c. Intertidal zone*

What does it mean to have a significant correlation? a. There is a meaningful relationship between two variables b. That one variable has an effect on another variable

What does it mean to have a significant correlation? *a. There is a meaningful relationship between two variables* b. That one variable has an effect on another variable

What is the biome in which the land meets the sea, and is alternately submerged and exposed by the daily cycle of tides? a. Intertidal zone b. Epipelagic zone c. Mesopelagic zone

What is the biome in which the land meets the sea, and is alternately submerged and exposed by the daily cycle of tides? *a. Intertidal zone* b. Epipelagic zone ( no, top layer) c. Mesopelagic zone ( no, below epipelagic)

What is the definition of climate? a. The prevailing weather pattern of a given region b. The abiotic components of an area with similar biotic constituents c. The environment within a localized area

What is the definition of climate? *a. The prevailing weather pattern of a given region* b. The abiotic components of an area with similar biotic constituents c. The environment within a localized area

What is unique about the deep water availability in the tundra biome? a. Water is locked in permafrost b. All water tables are liquid c. Water tables are contaminated with oil

What is unique about the deep water availability in the tundra biome? *a. Water is locked in permafrost* b. All water tables are liquid c. Water tables are contaminated with oil

When there is a meaningful relationship between two variables, it means that there is a(n) a. significant correlation b. insignificant correlation

When there is a meaningful relationship between two variables, it means that there is a(n) *a. significant correlation* b. insignificant correlation

Which biome has high rainfall, is wet throughout the year, is hot, and has nutrient-poor soils? a. Temperate deciduous forest b. Temperate rain forest c. Tropical rain forest d. Tropical deciduous forest

Which biome has high rainfall, is wet throughout the year, is hot, and has nutrient-poor soils? a. Temperate deciduous forest ( no, rainfall is lower and temperatures are cooler in the temperate deciduous forest) b. Temperate rain forest ( no, although this biome has high rainfall, temperatures are not as warm) *c. Tropical rain forest* d. Tropical deciduous forest ( no, they are similar, but this biome experiences a distinct dry season that is 2 to 3 months or longer)

Which biome is characterized by abundant rainfall, condensation of water from coastal fog, and cool (but not freezing) temperatures? a. Temperate deciduous forest b. Tropical rain forest c. Temperate rain forest

Which biome is characterized by abundant rainfall, condensation of water from coastal fog, and cool (but not freezing) temperatures? a. Temperate deciduous forest ( no, a temperate deciduous forest has high rainfall, but cold temperatures in the winter) b. Tropical rain forest ( no, rainfall is high, but the temperature is hot in the tropical rain forest) *c. Temperate rain forest*

Which biome is dominated by grasses, and is characterized by plants with well-developed root systems, enabling them to resprout quickly after a fire? a. Tropical grassland b. Northern taiga c. Hot desert

Which biome is dominated by grasses, and is characterized by plants with well-developed root systems, enabling them to resprout quickly after a fire? *a. Tropical grassland* b. Northern taiga ( no, dominated by trees ) c. Hot desert ( no, annuals, succulents, and shrubs dominate )

Which biome is known commonly by its Russian name, taiga, it is found north of the temperate-zone forests and grasslands? a. Temperate deciduous forest b. Tropical deciduous forest c. Temperate coniferous forest d. Tropical coniferous forest

Which biome is known commonly by its Russian name, taiga, it is found north of the temperate-zone forests and grasslands? a. Temperate deciduous forest b. Tropical deciduous forest *c. Temperate coniferous forest* d. Tropical coniferous forest

Which biome is most disturbed by off-road vehicles and salinization due to frequent irrigation? a. Cold desert b. Tropical grassland c. Hot desert d. Temperate grassland

Which biome is most disturbed by off-road vehicles and salinization due to frequent irrigation? a. Cold desert b. Tropical grassland *c. Hot desert* d. Temperate grassland

Which biome lies north of the temperate-zone forests and grasslands, and is commonly known by its Russian name, taiga? a. Temperate rain forest b. Temperate coniferous forest c. Temperate deciduous forest

Which biome lies north of the temperate-zone forests and grasslands, and is commonly known by its Russian name, taiga? a. Temperate rain forest ( no, along the coast) *b. Temperate coniferous forest* c. Temperate deciduous forest ( no, south of temperate coniferous forest)

Which of the following animals are mainly found in the tropical grassland? a. Large mammals b. Heavily furred mammals c. Insects, reptiles, and amphibians

Which of the following animals are mainly found in the tropical grassland? *a. Large mammals* b. Heavily furred mammals c. Insects, reptiles, and amphibians

Which of the following animals are mainly found in the tropical grassland? a. Insects, reptiles, and amphibians b. Heavily furred mammals c. Large mammals

Which of the following animals are mainly found in the tropical grassland? a. Insects, reptiles, and amphibians b. Heavily furred mammals *c. Large mammals*

Which of the following are characteristics of the Tropical rain forest biome? a. Rainfall exceeds 230 cm per year b. High temperatures throughout the year c. There is a dry season of 2 to 3 months or more d. Soils are shallow and nutrient-poor

Which of the following are characteristics of the Tropical rain forest biome? *a. Rainfall exceeds 230 cm per year* *b. High temperatures throughout the year* c. There is a dry season of 2 to 3 months or more *d. Soils are shallow and nutrient-poor*

Which of the following biomes contains occasional thorny trees and plants with well-developed root systems that enable them to resprout quickly after a fire? a. Tropical grassland b. Mountain range c. Temperate coniferous forest d. Tropical coniferous forest

Which of the following biomes contains occasional thorny trees and plants with well-developed root systems that enable them to resprout quickly after a fire? *a. Tropical grassland* b. Mountain range c. Temperate coniferous forest d. Tropical coniferous forest

Which of the following geographical regions have the largest fluctuations in yearly temperatures? a. Southern hemisphere b. Northern hemisphere c. Tropical regions

Which of the following geographical regions have the largest fluctuations in yearly temperatures? a. Southern hemisphere *b. Northern hemisphere* c. Tropical regions

Which of the following has the most potential to significantly affect the tundra? a. Mineral and oil extraction b. Hunting c. Human migration d. Deforestation

Which of the following has the most potential to significantly affect the tundra? *a. Mineral and oil extraction* b. Hunting c. Human migration d. Deforestation

Which of the following human activities has affected the temperate coniferous forest (taiga)? Select all that apply a. Utilization of rich soil for agriculture b. Logging c. Extensive development of land for human homes and businesses d. Exploration and development of oil and natural gas reserves

Which of the following human activities has affected the temperate coniferous forest (taiga)? Select all that apply a. Utilization of rich soil for agriculture *b. Logging* c. Extensive development of land for human homes and businesses *d. Exploration and development of oil and natural gas reserves*

Which of the following human activities have had the greatest impact on the tropical rain forests? a. Exploration and development of oil b. Exploration and development of natural gas reserves c. Mining and drilling d. Logging and agriculture

Which of the following human activities have had the greatest impact on the tropical rain forests? a. Exploration and development of oil b. Exploration and development of natural gas reserves c. Mining and drilling *d. Logging and agriculture*

Which of the following is a main effect of humans on temperate rain forest biomes? a. Clearing for agriculture b. Logging for wood c. Clearing for cattle

Which of the following is a main effect of humans on temperate rain forest biomes? a. Clearing for agriculture ( no, the soil is not favorable ) *b. Logging for wood* c. Clearing for cattle ( no, grasslands would be difficult to grow here)

Which of the following levels of organization is arranged in the correct sequence from most to least inclusive? a. Community, ecosystem, individual, population b. Population, ecosystem, individual, community c. Ecosystem, community, population, individual d. Individual, community, population, ecosystem

Which of the following levels of organization is arranged in the correct sequence from most to least inclusive? a. Community, ecosystem, individual, population b. Population, ecosystem, individual, community *c. Ecosystem, community, population, individual* d. Individual, community, population, ecosystem

Which of the following levels of organization is arranged in the correct sequence from most to least inclusive? a. Population, ecosystem, individual, community b. Community, ecosystem, individual, population c. Individual, community, population, ecosystem d. Ecosystem, community, population, individual

Which of the following levels of organization is arranged in the correct sequence from most to least inclusive? a. Population, ecosystem, individual, community b. Community, ecosystem, individual, population c. Individual, community, population, ecosystem *d. Ecosystem, community, population, individual*

Which of the following mountain ranges is the largest in Asia? a. Himalayas b. Andes c. Rockies

Which of the following mountain ranges is the largest in Asia? *a. Himalayas* b. Andes c. Rockies

Which of the following statements about the physical environment of tundra is true? a. Summer temperatures are extremely hot b. Precipitation often locked up as snow and unavailable for plants c. Abundant precipitation is available for plants

Which of the following statements about the physical environment of tundra is true? a. Summer temperatures are extremely hot *b. Precipitation often locked up as snow and unavailable for plants* c. Abundant precipitation is available for plants

Which of the following statements about the ten broad terrestrial biomes is correct? a. Not all communities fit neatly within the biomes because one biome type often grades into another at boundaries b. Each biome's communities have unique and distinctive characteristics, and biomes never grade with each other c. All communities fit neatly within the biomes, and each biome has distinct boundaries

Which of the following statements about the ten broad terrestrial biomes is correct? *a. Not all communities fit neatly within the biomes because one biome type often grades into another at boundaries* b. Each biome's communities have unique and distinctive characteristics, and biomes never grade with each other c. All communities fit neatly within the biomes, and each biome has distinct boundaries

Which of the following statements describe the physical environment of a temperate rain forest? ( Select all that apply) a. Rainfall is abundant b. Occasionally temperatures drop below freezing in the winter c. Water from dense coastal fogs condenses d. Temperature often exceeds 400C e. Rainfall is moderate f. Temperatures are often below freezing

Which of the following statements describe the physical environment of a temperate rain forest? ( Select all that apply) *a. Rainfall is abundant* *b. Occasionally temperatures drop below freezing in the winter* *c. Water from dense coastal fogs condenses* d. Temperature often exceeds 400C e. Rainfall is moderate f. Temperatures are often below freezing

Why are temperate deciduous forest biomes favorable for agriculture after clearing? a. Annual leaf drop promotes high soil nutrient levels b. Year-round growth of agricultural crops is possible in this biome c. Decomposition of the high diversity of decaying animal species increases nutrient levels

Why are temperate deciduous forest biomes favorable for agriculture after clearing? *a. Annual leaf drop promotes high soil nutrient levels* b. Year-round growth of agricultural crops is possible in this biome c. Decomposition of the high diversity of decaying animal species increases nutrient levels

Why are temperate deciduous forest biomes favorable for agriculture after clearing? a. Decomposition of the high diversity of decaying animal species increases nutrient levels b. Annual leaf drop promotes high soil nutrient levels c. Year-round growth of agricultural crops is possible in this biome

Why are temperate deciduous forest biomes favorable for agriculture after clearing? a. Decomposition of the high diversity of decaying animal species increases nutrient levels *b. Annual leaf drop promotes high soil nutrient levels* c. Year-round growth of agricultural crops is possible in this biome ( no, the soil is rich but they get cold in the winter )

Why do oceans contain more dissolved minerals than rivers? a. There are many more species of fish in the ocean, which excrete minerals into the water b. The shorelines of oceans contain more minerals than those of rivers c. They continually receive the nutrient-rich waters of rivers

Why do oceans contain more dissolved minerals than rivers? a. There are many more species of fish in the ocean, which excrete minerals into the water (no, the amount of minerals excreted by fish is negligible compared to that deposited by rivers) b. The shorelines of oceans contain more minerals than those of rivers (no, differences in the compositions of shorelines do not contribute to the high salt concentration of oceans. Rivers are a major source of minerals for oceans) *c. They continually receive the nutrient-rich waters of rivers*

Why don't temperatures keep increasing with decreasing latitudes near the equator? a. Cloudiness and rain reduce average temperatures b. There is no increase in the amount of solar radiation that penetrates the atmosphere near the equator c. The sun's rays are captured in the canopy of the rainforests

Why don't temperatures keep increasing with decreasing latitudes near the equator? *a. Cloudiness and rain reduce average temperatures* b. There is no increase in the amount of solar radiation that penetrates the atmosphere near the equator (no, equatorial regions are often cloudy, reducing the amount of solar radiation that reaches the ground) c. The sun's rays are captured in the canopy of the rainforests (no, equatorial regions are often cloudy, reducing the amount of solar radiation that reaches the ground)

You hypothesize that predators have a significant effect on a winter moth population. What are your experimental and control groups in your experimental design? a. One group in which the predators are removed (experimental), and one in which the predators are present (control) b. One group in which the predators are removed (control), and one in which the prey are removed (experimental) c. One group in which the prey are removed (control), and one in which predators are removed (experimental)

You hypothesize that predators have a significant effect on a winter moth population. What are your experimental and control groups in your experimental design? *a. One group in which the predators are removed (experimental), and one in which the predators are present (control)* b. One group in which the predators are removed (control), and one in which the prey are removed (experimental) c. One group in which the prey are removed (control), and one in which predators are removed (experimental)

________ ecology focuses on groups of interbreeding individuals in an attempt to understand factors that determine group size and density a. Behavioral b. Ecosystem c. Population d. Physiological

_______ ecology focuses on groups of interbreeding individuals in an attempt to understand factors that determine group size and density. a. Behavioral (behavioral ecology focuses on the behavior of in individual and how its behavior contributes to its survival and reproductive success) b. Ecosystem *c. Population* d. Physiological

As you are walking through a biome, you notice that there are as many as 100 tree species per square kilometer. Also, the trees have large buttresses to help support their shallow root systems, and little light is penetrating through the canopy. What biome are you walking through? a. Tropical deciduous forest b. Temperate rain forest c. Tropical rain forest

a. Tropical deciduous forest ( no, trees shed their leaves due to dry season and canopy is more open than the tropical rain forest ) b. Temperate rain forest ( no, large evergreen trees and epiphytes, and a thick litter layer since the cold temps slow the activity of decomposers ) *c. Tropical rain forest*