Collin EMS 2022 8-14 quizes
A 51-year-old female presents with a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. She is conscious and alert and able to speak in complete sentences. Her respirations are 22 breaths/min and regular. You should: A administer oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. B insert a nasal airway in case her mental status decreases. C perform a secondary assessment and then begin treatment. D assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device.
A
A 56-year-old male is found semiconscious by his wife. Your assessment reveals that his respirations are rapid and shallow, his pulse is rapid and irregular, and his blood pressure is low. The patient's wife states that he complained of left arm pain and nausea the day before, but would not allow her to call 9-1-1. The MOST likely cause of this patient's present condition is: A acute myocardial infarction. B dehydration from GI virus. C severe septic hypoperfusion. D a ruptured aortic aneurysm.
A
A 70-year-old female was recently discharged from the hospital following a total hip replacement. Today, she presents with restlessness, tachycardia, and a blood pressure of 90/64 mm Hg. Her skin is hot and moist. You should be MOST suspicious that she is experiencing: A septic shock. B pump failure. C a local infection. D decompensated shock.
A
A critical aspect of the rapid extrication technique is to: A maintain stabilization of the spine at all times. B move the patient as quickly as you possibly can. C extricate the patient with one coordinated move. D apply a vest-style device before moving the patient.
A
A decrease in blood pressure may indicate: A loss of vascular tone. B arterial constriction. C increased blood volume. D forceful cardiac contraction.
A
A folding or portable stretcher is most beneficial when: A a second patient must be transported on the squad bench of the ambulance. B an injured patient cannot be placed on a long board due to severe back pain. C a conscious, alert patient must be carried down several flights of steep stairs. D a patient requires full spinal immobilization when spinal injury is suspected.
A
A mucosal atomizer device (MAD) is used to deliver certain medications via the: A intranasal route. B inhalation route. C sublingual route. D transdermal route.
A
A nasopharyngeal airway is inserted: A with the bevel facing the septum if inserted into the right nare. B into the larger nostril with the tip pointing away from the septum. C with the bevel pointing downward if inserted into the left nare. D into the smaller nostril with the tip following the roof of the nose.
A
A team of EMTs and paramedics are attempting to resuscitate a man who is in cardiac arrest while his wife and son are present. Which of the following should occur during the resuscitation attempt? A One EMT should update the family on the interventions that have been performed and how the patient has responded. B Each member of the resuscitation team should update the family at various intervals throughout the attempt. C Communication with the family should be minimal until the final outcome of the resuscitation attempt is known. D A law enforcement officer should prepare the family for the patient's death and contact the funeral home.
A
Abdominal thrusts in a conscious child or adult with a severe upper airway obstruction are performed: A until he or she loses consciousness. B in sets of five followed by reassessment. C about 1 inch below the xiphoid process. D until he or she experiences cardiac arrest.
A
After assuming care of a cardiac arrest patient from an EMT, the paramedic should remember that: A BLS efforts must continue throughout the patient care continuum. B the BLS care provided by the EMT is the "first steps" of ALS care. C ALS interventions are the core interventions around which BLS care is provided. D ALS interventions are fundamentally more critical than BLS interventions.
A
After taking diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for an allergic reaction, a person begins experiencing drowsiness and a dry mouth. These findings are an example of a(n): A adverse effect. B untoward effect. C therapeutic effect. D unpredictable effect.
A
An EMT might injure his or her back, even if it is straight, if the: A back is bent forward at the hips. B hands are held close to the legs. C shoulder is aligned over the pelvis. D force is exerted straight down the spine.
A
EMTs arrive at the scene of an ill person. The EMR, who arrived before the EMTs, advises that the patient had a syncopal episode. The patient is conscious and alert and remains so throughout transport. When transferring patient care to the emergency department nurse, the EMT should advise the nurse that: A the patient had a reported syncopal episode. B she should contact the EMR about the incident. C the EMR was probably mistaken about the episode. D there is no evidence to support the syncopal episode.
A
For patient handoff, it is important for EMTs and hospital staff to use: A common language. B common goals. C metric-sized tools. D shared training.
A
Health care teams that infrequently train and work together: A can create delays in patient care. B need less-explicit verbal direction. C often work better under pressure. D are unable to accomplish their tasks.
A
A 20-year-old male has a large laceration to his wrist. He is holding a blood-soaked towel over the wound, but it continues to bleed rapidly. You should: A apply pressure to the brachial artery. B apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist. C administer high-flow supplemental oxygen. D wrap the towel with pressure bandages.
B
A 39-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the groin during an altercation at a bar. As you approach the patient, you note that he is conscious, is screaming in pain, and is attempting to control the bleeding, which is bright red and spurting from his groin area. You should: A ensure that his airway is patent. B apply direct pressure to the wound. C elevate his legs and keep him warm. D administer 100% supplemental oxygen.
B
A 40-year-old male crashed his motorcycle into a tree. He is semiconscious, has snoring respirations, and has a laceration to the forearm with minimal bleeding. You should: A apply a cervical collar and suction his airway. B open his airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver. C apply a pressure dressing to the patient's arm. D tilt the patient's head back and lift up on his chin.
B
A 40-year-old male presents with pain to the right upper quadrant of his abdomen. He is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. During your assessment, you note that his skin and sclera are jaundiced. You should suspect: A acute pancreatitis. B liver dysfunction. C gallbladder disease. D renal insufficiency.
B
A 56-year-old female is found supine in a narrow hallway of her mobile home. She complains of severe weakness and dizziness, and states that she is unable to walk. There is no evidence of trauma, and the patient states that she did not fall. How should you and your partner move this patient to a more spacious area? A. Direct carry B. Extremity lift C. Scoop stretcher D. Emergency move
B
A 62-year-old male is seen with crushing chest pain, which he describes as being the same kind of pain that he had with a previous heart attack. He has prescribed nitroglycerin but states that he has not taken any. After administering supplemental oxygen, if needed, and contacting medical control, you should: A begin immediate transport and request a rendezvous with a paramedic unit. B assist him with his nitroglycerin unless his systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg. C administer up to three doses of nitroglycerin before D assessing his blood pressure. D administer the nitroglycerin unless he has taken Viagra within the past 72 hours.
B
A 71-year-old male is semiconscious following a sudden, severe headache. There is vomitus on his face, and his respirations are slow and shallow. The EMT must immediately: A insert a nasopharyngeal airway. B perform oropharyngeal suctioning. C apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. D begin assisting the patient's ventilations.
B
A drug is contraindicated for a patient when it: A is used to treat a multitude of conditions. B may cause harm or has no positive effect. C produces actions other than the desired ones. D is used to treat a specific medical condition.
B
A man was found unresponsive in his bed at home. There is no evidence of injury, and the patient's medical history is not known. The patient's face is cherry red, yet the pulse oximeter reads 98%. Which of the following would MOST likely explain this? A Severe pulmonary edema B Carbon monoxide poisoning C Cold extremities D Increased body temperature
B
After ________ minutes without oxygen, permanent brain damage is possible. A 1 to 2 B 4 to 6 C 2 to 3 D 7
B
After an advanced airway device has been inserted during two-rescuer CPR, you should: A pause compressions to deliver ventilations. B deliver one rescue breath every 6 seconds. C decrease the compression rate to about 80 per minute. D increase rescue breathing to a rate of 14 breaths/min.
B
After establishing that an adult patient is unresponsive, you should: A manually open the airway. B assess for breathing and a pulse. C immediately begin chest compressions. D apply the AED and deliver a shock, if needed.
B
An EMT may administer aspirin to a patient if: A the patient is currently experiencing hypotension. B authorization from medical control has been obtained. C transport time to the hospital is greater than 30 minutes. D the patient is believed to be experiencing an acute stroke.
B
An effective team leader should: A command his or her team. B help the team accomplish goals. C perform all difficult interventions. D refrain from any direct patient care.
B
An oxygen cylinder should be taken out of service and refilled when the pressure inside it is less than: A200 psi. B 500 psi. C 1,000 psi. D 1,500 psi.
B
An unrestrained patient is sitting in his car after an automobile crash. He is conscious and alert, has no visible trauma, and is complaining of neck and back pain. Before removing him from his car, you should: A slide a scoop stretcher under his buttocks and rotate him laterally. B apply a cervical collar and immobilize him with a vest-style device. C perform a detailed head-to-toe assessment and apply a cervical collar. D maintain manual stabilization of his head and grasp him by the clothes.
B
As you and your partner are carrying a stable patient down a flight of stairs in a stair chair, you feel a sudden, sharp pain in your lower back. You should: A reposition your hands and continue to move the patient. B stop the move and request additional lifting assistance. C guide your partner while moving the chair backwards. D stop the move and have the patient walk down the stairs.
B
CPR is in progress on a pregnant woman. Shortly after manually displacing her uterus to the left, return of spontaneous circulation occurs. Which of the following would MOST likely explain this? A Increased blood flow to her heart caused her ventricles to stop fibrillating, which restored her pulse. B Pressure was relieved from her aorta and vena cava, which improved chest compression effectiveness. C Displacement of her uterus caused blood to flow backward, which increased blood flow to her heart. D Displacement of her uterus allowed her lungs to expand more fully, which restored her pulse.
B
During a resuscitation attempt, the team leader asks the EMT to ventilate the patient at a rate of 20 breaths/min, and the EMT replies, "Actually, sir, the correct ventilation rate is 10 breaths/min." This is an example of: A situational awareness. B constructive intervention. C closed-loop communication. D quality assurance monitoring.
B
If a problem with a team member is not directly or immediately impacting patient care, the team leader should: A engage the team member at once. B discuss the problem after the call. C contact the medical director at once. D ignore the problem to avoid conflict.
B
A 23-year-old male experienced severe head trauma after his motorcycle collided with an oncoming truck. He is unconscious, has agonal gasps, and has copious bloody secretions in his mouth. How should you manage his airway? A Suction his oropharynx with a rigid catheter until all secretions are removed. B Insert a nasopharyngeal airway and provide suction and assisted ventilations. C Alternate oropharyngeal suctioning and ventilation with a bag-mask device. D Provide continuous ventilations with a bag-mask device to minimize hypoxia.
C
A 29-year-old male with a head injury opens his eyes when you speak to him, is confused as to the time and date, and is able to move all of his extremities on command. His Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is: A 10. B 12. C 13. D 14.
C
A 31-year-old female is experiencing an acute asthma attack. She is conscious and alert, but in obvious respiratory distress. After assisting her with her prescribed MDI, you should: A check the drug's expiration date to ensure that it is still current. B contact medical control and apprise him or her of what you did. C reassess the patient and document her response to the medication. D administer another treatment in 30 seconds if she is still in distress.
C
A 50-year-old male is found unconscious in his car. There were no witnesses to the event. When gathering medical history information for this patient, the EMT should: A wait for family members to arrive before asking any questions. B defer SAMPLE history questions until you arrive at the hospital. C determine if the patient has a medical alert bracelet or wallet card. D ask law enforcement officials if they are familiar with the patient.
C
A 50-year-old male presents with altered mental status. His wife tells you that he had a "small stroke" 3 years ago but has otherwise been in good health. The patient is responsive but unable to follow commands. After administering oxygen if needed, you should: A repeat the primary assessment. B inquire about his family history. C prepare for immediate transport. D perform a head-to-toe assessment.
C
A 71-year-old female slipped on a rug and fell. She is conscious but confused and complains of severe pelvic pain. Her respirations are 22 breaths/min and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. What should you do? A Transport her on her left side B Transport her in a seated position C Treat her for possible shock D Gently palpate her pelvis
C
A blood pressure cuff that is too small for a patient's arm will give a: A falsely low systolic and diastolic reading. B falsely high systolic but low diastolic reading. C falsely high systolic and diastolic reading. D falsely low systolic but high diastolic reading.
C
A medication with antagonistic properties is one that: A stimulates receptor sites and allows other chemicals to attach to them. B enhances the effects of another medication when given in a higher dose. C blocks receptor sites and prevents other chemicals from attaching to them. D produces a cumulative effect when mixed with the same type of medication.
C
A patient should be placed in the recovery position when he or she: A is semiconscious, injured, and breathing adequately. B has experienced trauma but is breathing effectively. C is unresponsive, uninjured, and breathing adequately. D has a pulse but is unresponsive and breathing shallowly.
C
An adult at rest should have a respiratory rate that ranges between: A 8 and 15 breaths/min. B 10 and 18 breaths/min. C 12 and 20 breaths/min. D 22 and 24 breaths/min.
C
Complications associated with chest compressions include all of the following, EXCEPT: A rib fractures. B liver laceration. C gastric distention. D a fractured sternum.
C
EMTs and other health care providers function as a true team when they work: A dependently. B independently. C interdependently. D under standing orders.
C
Health care providers who infrequently work together can function effectively as a team if they work in an environment that supports and promotes: A discipline. B competition. C collaboration. D rigid protocols.
C
In contrast to typical wheeled ambulance stretchers, features of a bariatric stretcher include: A. a collapsible undercarriage. B. weight capacity of up to 650 pounds. C. increased stability from a wider wheelbase. D. two safety rails on both sides of the stretcher.
C
A 25-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her chest when her car hit a tree while traveling at a high rate of speed. She has signs and symptoms of shock, which you suspect are the result of intrathoracic bleeding. Which of the following interventions will provide this patient with the greatest chance for survival? A High-flow oxygen administration B Full immobilization of her spine C Intravenous fluid administration D Rapid transport to a trauma center
D
A 37-year-old male has an apparent foreign body airway obstruction. He is conscious and alert and is coughing forcefully. His skin is pink, warm, and moist. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes: A a series of back blows and chest thrusts. B finger sweeps to remove the obstruction. C a series of abdominal thrusts. D encouraging him to cough and transporting.
D
A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should: A continue to insert the airway as you suction her oropharynx. B remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx. C insert the airway no further but leave it in place as a bite block. D select a smaller oropharyngeal airway and attempt to insert it.
B
A construction worker fell approximately 30 feet. He is semiconscious with rapid, shallow respirations. Further assessment reveals deformity to the thoracic region of his spine. His blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg, his pulse is 66 beats/min and weak, and his skin is warm and dry. In addition to spinal immobilization and rapid transport, the MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes: A oxygen via nonrebreathing mask, blankets for warmth, and elevation of his head. B assisted ventilation, thermal management, and elevation of the lower extremities. C oxygen via nonrebreathing mask, thermal management, and elevation of his legs. D assisted ventilation, preventing hyperthermia, and elevating his lower extremities.
B
A 19-year-old male was stung multiple times by fire ants. He is experiencing obvious signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock. You administer high-flow oxygen and give him epinephrine via intramuscular injection. Upon reassessment, you determine that his condition has not improved. You should: A transport him immediately and provide supportive care while en route. B consider that he may actually be experiencing an acute asthma attack. C repeat the epinephrine injection after consulting with medical control. D request a paramedic unit that is stationed approximately 15 miles away.
C
A 27-year-old male was stabbed in the chest during a disagreement at a poker game. As you approach him, you see that a knife is impaled in his chest. Before you make physical contact with the patient, it is MOST important to: A form a general impression. B call for an ALS ambulance. C follow standard precautions. D ask bystanders what happened.
C
Advil, Nuprin, and Motrin are trade (brand) names for the generic medication: A aspirin. B nitrostat. C ibuprofen. D acetaminophen.
C
An 81-year-old female fell and struck her head. You find the patient lying on her left side. She is conscious and complains of neck and upper back pain. As you are assessing her, you note that she has a severely kyphotic spine. What is the most appropriate method of immobilizing this patient? A Apply a cervical collar and place her in a sitting position on the wheeled stretcher. B Immobilize her in a supine position on a long backboard and secure her with straps. C Leave her on her side and use blanket rolls to immobilize her to the long backboard. D Move her to a supine position and immobilize her with a scoop stretcher and padding.
C
A 60-year-old man is found to be unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. You should: A start CPR and transport immediately. B withhold CPR until he is defibrillated. C determine if he has a valid living will. D begin CPR until an AED is available.
D
A 49-year-old male with an extensive cardiac history presents with 2 hours of crushing chest pain and shortness of breath. He is pale and diaphoretic and tells you that he feels like he is going to die. His medications include nitroglycerin, sildenafil (Viagra), and enalapril (Vasotec). His blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg and his heart rate is 110 beats/min. In addition to administering supplemental oxygen if needed, you should: A obtain physician approval to give the nitroglycerin. B place him in a supine position and transport at once. C administer one nitroglycerin and call medical control. D ask him if he took his Viagra within the past 24 hours.
D
A 59-year-old male presents with severe vomiting and diarrhea of 3 days' duration. He is confused and diaphoretic, and his radial pulses are absent. His blood pressure is 78/50 mm Hg. After applying supplemental oxygen, you should: A perform a head-to-toe exam. B allow him to drink plain water. C obtain a repeat blood pressure in 5 minutes. D prepare for immediate transport.
D
A 74-year-old woman complains of heaviness in her chest, nausea, and sweating that suddenly began about an hour ago. She is conscious and alert, but anxious. Her blood pressure is 144/84 mm Hg and her heart rate is 110 beats/min. She took two of her prescribed nitroglycerin (0.4-mg tablets) before your arrival but still feels heaviness in her chest. You should: A give her high-flow oxygen, avoid giving her any more nitroglycerin because it may cause a drop in her blood pressure, and transport. B assist her in taking one more of her nitroglycerin tablets, reassess her blood pressure, and contact medical control for further instructions. C transport her at once and wait at least 20 minutes before you consider assisting her with a third dose of her prescribed nitroglycerin. D recall that geriatric patients often take multiple medications and that interactions can occur with potentially negative effects.
D
A crackling sound produced by air bubbles under the skin is called: A crepitus B rhonchi. C Korotkoff sounds. D subcutaneous emphysema.
D
A team of EMTs is caring for a critically injured patient. The team leader advises the EMT that transport will not begin until the patient's closed forearm fracture is splinted. Utilizing the crew resource management model, the EMT should: A repeat the request back to the team leader and then splint the patient's arm. B ensure that the entire team is aware that transport will be delayed for splinting. C disregard the team leader's request and contact medical control for guidance. D advise the team leader that immediate transport is more important than splinting.
D
After applying medical restraints to a combative patient, you should: A inform the patient that the restraints are punishment for their behavior. B remove them only if the patient verbally commits to calming down. C position the patient prone in order to further prevent injury to yourself. D remove them only after hospital personnel have requested you to do so.
D
All of the following conditions should make you suspect shock, EXCEPT: A anaphylaxis. B spinal injury. C severe infection. D ischemic stroke.
D
All of the following will help minimize the risk of gastric distention when ventilating an apneic patient with a bag-mask device, EXCEPT: A delivering each breath over 1 second. B ensuring the appropriate airway position. C ventilating the patient at the appropriate rate. D increasing the amount of delivered tidal volume.
D
Basic life support (BLS) is defined as: A invasive emergency medical interventions such as intravenous therapy, manual defibrillation, and advanced airway management. B any form of emergency medical treatment that is performed by advanced EMTs, paramedics, physicians, and emergency nurses. C basic lifesaving treatment that is performed by bystanders while EMS providers are en route to the scene of an emergency. D noninvasive emergency care that is used to treat conditions such as airway obstruction, respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest.
D
Capillary sphincters are: A under complete control of the voluntary portion of the nervous system. B capable of dilating in order to increase perfusion to crucial body organs. C responsible for constricting to compensate for decreased cell perfusion. D circular muscular walls that regulate blood flow through the capillaries.
D
General guidelines for carrying a patient on a stretcher include: A. maintaining slight flexion of your back. B. leaning back from your waist when lifting. C. slightly twisting your body when carrying. D. constant communication with your partners.
D
