Com 101 Final Part 1

Most speakers typically choose language carefully and consciously, exercising considerable control over perceptions of style. True False

False

Style and content are two separate elements of a speech. True False

False

A well-written essay generally makes a good manuscript for a speech. True False

False

Informative speaking can create positive feeling among the audience members because knowledge and information are power, so being informed makes listeners feel powerful. True False

True

It is more important for a speaker to make his or her arrangement structure explicit than it is for a writer to do so. True False

True

Speeches which use defining strategies are partly persuasive because defining terms always influences listeners about things in a certain way. True False

True

The informative strategy of explaining focuses on providing a deeper understanding of people, events, policies, or processes. True False

True

The same strategies that improve attention also encourage retention. True False

True

Unlike written compositions, speeches often contain direct references to both the speaker and the audience. True False

True

Consider the following points: 1. Student government sponsors entertainment programs. 2. Student government affects many areas of campus life. 3. Student government finances campus improvements. What statement about "subordination" is true? a. 1 and 3 are subordinate to 2. b. 2 and 3 are subordinate to 1. c. 1 and 2 are subordinate to 3. d. 3 is subordinate to 1 and 2. e. 1 is subordinate to 2 and 3.

a. 1 and 3 are subordinate to 2.

When the speaker refers to a common experience in order ot create identification with the audience, which goal of a speech introduction is being served? a. Creating a favorable response toward the speaker b. Creating a favorable response toward the topic c. Gaining attention d. Previewing the development of the topic e. Clarifying the purpose of the thesis

a. Creating a favorable response toward the speaker

Hillary's informative speech focused on clarifying the audience's understanding of feminism. What informative strategy did she need to rely upon most? a. Defining b. Reporting c. Describing d. Agenda setting e. Demonstrating

a. Defining

In his Gettysburg Address, Abraham Lincoln used the phrase, "government of the people, by the people, and for the people," he was employing which stylistic device? a. Parallel wording b. Antithesis c. Metaphor d. Inverted word order e. Alliteration

a. Parallel wording

Which element of the conclusion functions to alert the listeners that the conclusion is beginning? a. Signaling the end b. Summarizing the main ideas c. Making a final appeal d. Saying "thank you" and sitting down e. Make a personal reference

a. Signaling the end

Which of the following statements is true about style? a. Style determined by the audience - it is audience dependent. b. Each speaker has a style that is determined by the speaker - it is speaker dependent. c. A speaker's style is predetermined early in life and cannot be changed. d. Style comes naturally to speakers. e. Style is unique, it sets each speaker apart from all others.

a. Style determined by the audience - it is audience dependent.

Which of the following is an example of the informative strategy of comparing? a. The speaker clarifies the similarities and differences between censorship and rating systems. b. The speaker tells the audience about the events surrounding a political debate on campus. c. The speaker clarifies the events surrounding the Watergate break-in and their impact on modern U.S. politics. d. The speaker provides vivid details of the patriotic actions of the soldiers who fought the Battle of the Bulge. e. The speaker shows the audience how to perform CPR.

a. The speaker clarifies the similarities and differences between censorship and rating systems.

Which of the following characteristics should be identical in both the preparation and presentation outlines? a. The structure of the main points and subpoints b. The stage directions c. The bibliography d. The level of detail e. Complete sentences

a. The structure of the main points and subpoints

Most student classroom speeches should employ the _____ style. a. conversational b. novice c. performative d. memorized e. impromptu

a. conversational

You plan to give a speech to high school seniors which will provide them with a vivid mental image of dorm life. You will probably rely most upon the informative strategy of ______. a. describing b. demonstrating c. reporting d. defining e. explaining

a. describing

An effective conclusion should NOT ___________. a. establish identification with the audience b. make a final appeal c. remind the audience of the key points d. be memorable e. signal the end

a. establish identification with the audience

A complete transition should follow what order? a. internal summary, link, internal preview b. link, internal summary, internal preview c. internal preview, link, internal summary d. internal preview, internal summary, link

a. internal summary, link, internal preview

In an introduction, it is NOT necessary to __________. a. summarize the main points b. gain the audience's attention c. influence the audience to view the speaker and the topic favorably d. preview the development of the topic e. clarify the purpose or thesis of the speech

a. summarize the main points

When outlining, checking for proper subordination ensures that ______________. a. the supporting material is relevant to the main point that it supports b. the purpose of the speech is appropriate to the situation c. the sentences are complete d. the claims in the outline are precise and clear e. the main points are parallel in importance

a. the supporting material is relevant to the main point that it supports

What is the most significant resource for creating an effective speaking style? a. Gestures b. Language c. Eye contact d. Vocal variety e. Interesting supporting material

b. Language

Which of the following comparative statements of written style and oral style is FALSE? a. Oral style has more potential for clutter than written style. b. Oral style is more complex than written style. c. Oral style is more reflexive than written style. d. Oral style is less formal than written style. e. Oral style is more repetitive than written style.

b. Oral style is more complex than written style.

Which type of outline is developed in detail while composing the speech? a. Key word outline b. Preparation outline c. Presentation outline d. Discrete outline e. Rough outline

b. Preparation outline

Dr. Chadri spoke to a group of senior citizens about the many alternative treatments available for the most common medical complaints among those over the age of 55. Her speech served what purpose? a. Agenda setting b. Providing new information c. Creating a negative feeling d. Creating a positive feeling e. Inducing a specific action

b. Providing new information

faith opened her speech by asking her classmates, "Would it surprise you to learn that you probably expose yourself to the leading killer of college-aged Americans at least three time a week?" What type of introduction was Faith using? a. Identifying with the audience b. Using a rhetorical question c. Telling a story d. Quoting someone e. Citing a statistic

b. Using a rhetorical question

Speeches employing the informative strategy of reporting answer which question? a. What's up? b. What happened? c. Why should I listen? d. Who cares? e. What should we do?

b. What happened?

which of the following strategies promotes clarity in speech? a. Personification b. Word economy c. Stories d. Metaphor e. Repetition

b. Word economy

Talia presented a speech about how to give a pedicure, covering several steps in a specific order. Her informative strategy was _______. a. illustrating b. demonstrating c. reporting d. describing e. comparing

b. demonstrating

Your presentation outline should identify supporting materials by using _____________. a. complete sentences b. key words c. a full text of all evidence d. only direct quotations e. footnotes

b. key words

when you aim to make the audience aware of an issue or problem they had not previously known about, your informative purpose will likely be ______. a. converting the audience b. providing a new perspective c. agenda setting d. creating a feeling e. strengthening commitment to a position

c. agenda setting

Informative strategies ask listeners to ___________. a. be quiet, sit still, and listen b. tell others what they have learned about a subject c. change their understanding of a subject d. take some action on an issue e. believe what the speaker believes about a topic

c. change their understanding of a subject

When outlining, checking for proper coordination ensures that the ________________. a. claims in the outline are precise and clear b. sentences are complete c. main points are parallel in importance d. supporting material is relevant to the idea it supports e. purpose of the speech is appropriate to the situation

c. main points are parallel in importance

The most basic theory of _________ is that people seek pleasure and avoid pain. a. deliberation b. needs c. motivation d. resonance e. persuasion

c. motivation

"Reflexivity" refers to the tendency of speakers to ________ more than writers. a. use less complex sentence structures b. define their terms c. refer to themselves and to the audience d. repeat themselves e. analyze their ideas

c. refer to themselves and to the audience

The process of deciding how a speech can best achieve its purpose is called ___________. a. strengthening the purpose b. converting the audience c. strategic planning d. agenda setting e. inducing reinforcement

c. strategic planning

When you know that your audience already agrees with you, you should use the persuasive strategy of __________. a. refutation b. ingratiation c. strengthening commitment d. conversion e. weakening commitment

c. strengthening commitment

Citing statistics in the introduction works best when _______. a. they confirm beliefs commonly held by the listeners b. they are rounded off c. they contradict beliefs commonly held by the listeners d. they are accompanied by visual aids e. they are drawn from a national survey

c. they contradict beliefs commonly held by the listeners

Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of persuasion? a. to move people from belief to action b. to move people from one belief to another c. to increase listeners' understanding of the topic d. to influence what listeners will think about e. to cause listeners to change their minds

c. to increase listeners' understanding of the topic

Because the speaker must provide connections to help the audience bridge the gap between the elements of the speech, it is important to include _________ in the speech. a. personal credibility b. rhetorical questions c. transitions d. analogies e. a summary

c. transitions

When Martin Luther King, Jr., opened his famous "I Have a Dream" speech by saying, "I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation," he was using what type of introduction? a. Telling a story b. Citing statistics and making claims c. Using an analogy d. Referring to the speech situation e. Stating the importance of the topic

d. Referring to the speech situation

Concrete words, maxims, and the active voice help to increase the ________ of your message. a. irony b. rhythm c. vividness d. clarity e. orality

d. clarity

Which of the following questions should most concern a speaker when opening a speech with a quotation? a. Do the listeners know the person I'm quoting? b. Is the quote startling enough to gain attention? c. Will the audience recognize the quote? d. Is the source of my quote credible? e. Is the quote clearly tied to my thesis?

e. Is the quote clearly tied to my thesis?

Which of the following is NOT one of the purposes served by your speech outline? a. The outline helps you be sure you have covered your topic adequately. b. The outline helps to ensure that the organizational pattern is sensible and consistent. c. The outline helps to clarify and select the best organizational strategy for the speech. d. The outline helps you remember the claims you want to make and the order in which you plan to make them. e. The outline helps you determine the specific purpose of your speech.

e. The outline helps you determine the specific purpose of your speech.

A speaker relies on an outline during the ____________. a. time spent brainstorming for the speech topic b. development of the speech language c. the research stage of finding supporting material d. invention stage of gathering material e. arrangement state of putting ideas together

e. arrangement state of putting ideas together

the two types of outlines are ____________. a. formal and informal b. informative and persuasive c. manuscript and memorized d. rhetorical and situational e. preparation and presentation

e. preparation and presentation

"Forgetting curve" refers so ________________. a. how easy it is for speakers to forget parts of their memorized speeches b. how listeners' opinion change from positive to negative c. the relationship between memory, primacy, and recency d. the relationship between what listeners understand and what they remember e. the rate at which information is forgotten over time

e. the rate at which information is forgotten over time

Miriam used parallel wording to introduce each of her main points because she know that an effective oral style should be _____________. a. reflexive b. informal c. uncluttered d. simple e. repetitive

repetitive