COM 101 FINAL

Consider the following points: 1. Student government sponsors entertainment programs. 2. Student government affects many areas of campus life. 3. Student government finances campus improvements. What statement about "subordination" is true?

1 and 3 are subordinate to 2

When the speaker refers to a common experience in order to create identification with the audience, which goal of a speech introduction is being served?

Creating a favorable response toward the speaker

A complete transition should follow what order?

Internal summary, link, internal preview

Which of the following questions should most concern a speaker when opening a speech with a quotation?

Is the quote clearly tied to my thesis?

In his Gettysburg Address, Abraham Lincoln used the phrase, "government of the people, by the people, and for the people," he was employing which stylistic device?

Parallel wording

when you aim to make the audience aware of an issue or problem they had not previously known about, your informative purpose will likely be ______.

agenda setting

A speaker relies on an outline during the

arrangement state of putting ideas together

visual aids should be selected by carefully considering the

audience and the purpose of the speech

Phillip gave a persuasive speech about why people should not smoke. His classmate, Morris, refused to accept Phillip's arguments, even though they were well supported, because he thought Phillip was just another "do-good liberal" who wanted to curtail people's freedom. Which act of selective perception did Morris exhibit?

belittling the source

selective influence can be prompted by which two conditions

boomerang effect and polysemy

informative strategies ask listeners to

change their understanding of a subject

Concrete words, maxims, and the active voice help to increase the _____ of your message

clarity

When listeners avoid evidence and arguments that challenge what they already believe by putting conflicting ideas into separate mental boxes, they are using a resistance strategy known as ______.

compartmentalization

most student classroom speeches should employ the _____ style

conversational

Eleanor wanted to persuade a group of animal rights activists to support animal testing for a variety of medical uses. Which of the following persuasive goals was she pursuing?

conversion

Hillary's informative speech focused on clarifying the audience's understanding of feminism. What informative strategy did she need to rely upon most?

defining

Talia presented a speech about how to give a pedicure, covering several steps in a specific order. Her informative strategy was _______.

demonstrating

You plan to give a speech to high school seniors which will provide them with a vivid mental image of dorm life. You will probably rely most upon the informative strategy of ______.

describing

An effective conclusion should NOT

establish identification with the audience

Most speakers typically choose language carefully and consciously, exercising considerable control over perceptions of style

false

a well-written essay generally makes a good manuscript for a speech

false

even though the requirements for informing and persuading are similar, the constraint faced by the speaker are far greater for informing than for persuading

false

informing and persuading are distinctively separate goals and activities

false

strengthening commitment is not really as persuasive goal because it addresses issues that the audience already agrees with

false

style and content are two separate elements of a speech

false

the persuasive goal of "conversion" is far easier than the goal of "strengthening commitment '

false

the term persuasion refers only to a situation in which a speaker attempts to reverse an audience's beliefs

false

wanda wanted a visual aid to show the series of choices one should make when selecting an investment strategy. What type of visual aid would serve her best

flowchart

Bil wants his classmates who complain about a lack of activities to join student government and the student activity board. His persuasive goal is

inducing a specific action

Your presentation outline should identify supporting materials by using

key words

what is the most significant resource for creating an effective speaking style?

language

James used a _____ to show the changes in unemployment rates over the past ten years

line graph

the boomerang effect occurs when

listeners are overwhelmed by a compelling argument and feel inadequate to bring about change

when outlining, checking for proper coordination ensures that the

main points are parallel in importance

when outlining,checking for proper coordination ensures that the

main points are parallel in importance

the most basic theory of _____ is that people seek pleasure and avoid pain

motivation

which of the following comparative statements of written style and oral style is false

oral style is more complex than written style

visual aids known as representations include

photographs, diagrams, and maps

mona is preparing a speech about how taxes are spent. she wants to show the proportion of each tax dollar that is spent on various types of government services. What type of visual aid best serves her purpose

pie graph

The two types of outlines are

preparation and presentation

Which type of outline is developed in detail while composing the speech?

preparation outline

Dr. Chadri spoke to a group of senior citizens about the many alternative treatments available for the most common medical complaints among those over the age of 55. Her speech served what purpose?

providing new information

Reflexivity refers to the tendency of speakers to _____ more than writers

refer to themselves and to the audience

When Martin Luther King, Jr., opened his famous "I Have A Dream" speech by saying, "I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation," he was using what type of introduction?

referring to the speech situation

miriam used parallel wording to introduce each of her main points because she knows that an effective oral style should be

repetitive

many people misunderstand the term "persuasion" believing that it only involves

reversing an audience's beliefs or actions

One way listeners resist persuasion is to attend to and remember only the parts of a message that they already agree with and to interpret ambiguous messages in a way that supports what they already believe. When listeners engage in this process, they are resisting persuasion by ____________.

selective listening

Which element of the conclusion functions to alert the listeners that the conclusion is beginning?

signaling the end

the process of deciding how a speech can best achieve its purpose is called

strategic planning

Juan knows that his PTA organization is concerned with weapons and violence in local schools. He hopes to persuade them to support stricter rules and increased security at the schools to combat these problems. What is Juan's persuasive purpose?

strengthening commitment

when you know that your audience already agrees with you, you should use the persuasive strategy of

strengthening commitment

which of the following statements is true about style?

style determined by the audience- it is audience dependent

It is an introduction, it is NOT necessary to

summarize the main points

which of the following is NOT one of the purposes served by your speech outline

the outline helps you determine the specific purpose of your speech

forgetting curve refers to

the rate at which information is forgotten over time

which of the following is an example of the informative strategy of comparing

the speaker clarifies the similarities and differences between censorship and rating systems

when visual aids fail, most often is because

the speaker did not use them properly

which of the following characteristics should be identical in both the prep and present outlines?

the structure of the main points and subpoints

when outlining, checking for proper subordination, ensures that

the supporting material is relevant to the main point that it supports

one major drawback using visual aids in a speech is

they can distract the audience from the message

Citing statistics in the introduction works best when

they contradict benefits commonly held by the listeners

which of the following is NOT one of the goals of persuasion?

to increase listeners' understanding of the topic

Because the speaker must provide connections to help the audience bridge the gap between the elements of the speech, it is important to include _____ in the speech

transitions

Informative speaking can create positive feeling among the audience members because knowledge and information are power, so being informed makes listeners feel powerful.

true

Speeches which use defining strategies are partly persuasive because defining terms always influences listeners about things in a certain way.

true

it is more important for a speaker to make his or her arrangement structure explicit than it is for a writer to do se

true

polysemy is an obstacle to persuasion related to the fact that different listeners interpret the same message in different ways

true

the informative strategy of explaining focuses on providing a deeper understanding of people, events, policies, or processes

true

the same strategies that improve attention also encourage retention

true

unlike written compositions, speeches often contain direct references to both the speaker and the audience

true

which of the following is NOT one of the methods for resisting persuasion that are used by listeners

uncritical thinking

when an object is too small to be seen by the audience, the speakers next best option is to

use a working model

Faith opened her speech by asking her classmates, "would it surprise you to learn that you probably expose yourself to the leading killer of college-aged Americans at least three times a week?" What type of introduction was Faith using?

using a rhetorical question

a hostile audience is best persuaded through use of which persuasive strategy?

weakening commitment

speeches employing the informative strategy of reporting answer which question

what happened?

which of the following strategies promotes clarity in speech

word economy