COMM 101 Chapters 18 & 19 Review

Social Loafing

"a reduction in motivation and effort when individuals work collectively compared to when they work individually"

Tuckman Model of Group Development (CH18)

A five-stage theory of group development proposed by Bruce Tuckman consisting of forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning; Tuckman suggests not all groups will move through each stage depending on their tasks or goals.

Coercive leadership style (CH19)

A top-down approach to decision making that stifles individual ingenuity and participation and neglects motivating the group.

Mireya has a degree in exercise physiology and is an avid runner. She has recently become the leader of a task force that was assembled to increase physical activity levels among company employees. Mireya is an example of which type of leader selection process? A. Appointed leader B. Effective leader C. Emergent leader D. Elected leader (CH19)

A. Appointed leader

A group decides together that whenever they are working on their task, they will all put their phones on an extra desk across the room. This example demonstrates which of the six characteristics used to define small groups? A. Governed by their own norms B. Create their own identities C. Preserve member cohesiveness D. Vary in size (CH18)

A. Governed by their own norms.

A director is putting together a team to make a new documentary on gymnasts. The director has chosen the leader of this team based on expert power. Which team member described below did the director choose? A. Molly, who was a college gymnast and is now a volunteer judge at gymnastic meets. B. Eric, who has great planning and execution skills. C. Zuri, who is well-liked by everyone on the team. D. Gus, who brings great snacks when the team works hard. (CH19)

A. Molly, who was a college gymnast and is now a volunteer judge at gymnastic meets.

The captain of a sports team who says, "we all need to play as hard as I am playing," and expects the team to win big, is which type of leader? A. Pacesetting B. Coercive C. Coaching D. Affiliative E. Authoritative (CH19)

A. Pacesetting

Isabella is expressing disagreement with Kairi. Landon is trying to help them compromise. Meanwhile, Ami is annoyed with Kero for dominating the conversation and thinks she should be the one taking charge. What stage of group development does this scenario represent? A. Storming B. Performing C. Adjourning D. Norming E. Forming (CH18)

A. Storming

Which of the following is not one of the seven suggestions for effectively employing dialogue in a leadership position? A. Encourage alternatives, suggestions, and questions. B. Allow for group members to share previous leadership experiences. C. Continually communicate with the group. D. Openly talk through group processes. (CH19)

B. Allow for group members to share previous leadership experiences.

In a group project for general education course, a group is taking full advantage that every member is from a different major. Which benefit to group work does their behavior demonstrate? A. Exposure to diverse people B. Opportunity to learn from others C. Efficiency D. Idea sharing (CH18)

B. Opportunity to learn from others

A group of high school sports players may see their coach as having ________ because they look up to and admire them. A. Reward power B. Referent power C. Coercive power D. Legitimate power E. Expert power (CH19)

B. Referent power

________ occurs when groups create a unique meaning for a term, experience, or event in the group's life that serves to further strengthen the bond between group members. A. Group language B. Symbolic convergence C. Group cohesiveness D. Maintenance roles (CH18)

B. Symbolic convergence

The ________ style of leadership is most effective when groups encounter stressful situations or have undergone major structural changes that have caused rifts and sewn distrust among the group. A. Coercive B. Coaching C. Affiliative D. Authoritative E. Democratic (CH19)

C. Affiliative

If a boss offers weekly workshops to train employees on new skills and then encourages them to apply those skills for the first time during the next work week, she is using a _______ leadership style. A. Democratic B. Coercive C. Coaching D. Affiliative E. Pacesetting (CH19)

C. Coaching

Madelyn is overwhelmed by the complexity of the project she and her group need to tackle. Which way of promoting dialogue in a leadership position would likely ease some of Madelyn's stress? A.Encourage alternatives, suggestions, and questions. B. Divide the task into manageable units. C. Don't let emotions get the better of you. D. Openly talk through group processes. (CH19)

C. Don't let emotions get the better of you.

Landon has unofficially been labeled as the leader by his group because he has demonstrated qualities that they recognize as necessary to the group's success. What type of leader is Landon? A. Appointed leader B. Effective leader C. Emergent leader D. Elected leader (CH19)

C. Emergent leader

Shani knows she has a warm attitude toward others and is naturally good at making others feel valued. She is best suited to take on which maintenance role? A. Energizer B. Harmonizing C. Encourager D. Following (CH18)

C. Encourager

Elaine assigns roles to each of her team members and then follows up with an email to each one of them listing their tasks and the corresponding due dates. Which of the eight communication behaviors that serve as the foundation of leadership is Elaine demonstrating? A. Remaining well informed. B. Managing complex situations. C. Providing direction and structure for the group. D. Flexibility to the demands of the situation. (CH19)

C. Providing direction and structure for the group.

Authoritative leadership style (CH19)

Comes from a place of confidence and empathy, not control and enforcement.

Fantasies (CH18)

Creative interpretations of shared events that help define a group's identity.

The majority of the group is listing potential solutions to the problem they are solving. They are generating as many as they can. Alex and Allie are having a side discussion about how the most recently proposed solution will generate a lot of revenue. The majority of the group is in step _______ of the group decision making process. Alex and Allie, however, have moved on to step ________. A. 1; 2 B. 2; 5 C. 2; 3 D. 3; 4 (CH18)

D. 3; 4

Nikki challenges the ideas her group members propose. Nikki's intent is not to be aggressive but to ensure the group does not move forward too quickly with one idea. Nikki is demonstrating which task role? A. Clarifying and summarizing B. Information and opinion seeking C. Information and opinion giving D. Evaluating ideas (CH18)

D. Evaluating ideas

Which of the following are important considerations during the first step in the group decision-making process? A. The nature of the problem. B. The extent and seriousness of the problem. C. The likely cause(s) of the problem. D. The possible consequences of not dealing with the problem. E. All are important considerations. (CH18)

E. All are important considerations.

Affiliative leadership style (CH19)

Flexible and encouraging, allowing group members to take risks and work on their own to engender trust; a "people-person" leadership style.

Democratic leadership style (CH19)

Focused on building consensus and collaborating with his or her team or group members.

Coaching leadership style (CH19)

Focused on helping individuals improve and grow through training and constant feedback.

Pacesetting leadership style (CH19)

Focused on setting a high standard and modeling that standard for his or her team members.

There are five stages of group development according to the Tuckman Model of Group Development. What is the correct order of these stages? (CH18)

Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning.

Susan is always prodding during her group's discussions and wants to better understand the group's values. Susan is likely serving which task role? A. Clarifying and summarizing B. Information and opinion seeking C. Information and opinion giving D. Evaluating ideas (CH18)

Information and opinion seeking.

Symbolic Convergence (CH18)

Occurs when groups create a unique meaning for a term, experience, or event in the group's life that serves to further strengthen the bond between group members.

Referent power (CH19)

Power derived from the charisma of a leader, and it can be seen when people follow someone they like, admire, look up to, or otherwise are attracted to.

Expert power (CH19)

Power gained through specific knowledge of a topic or content area, thus providing the person with that knowledge power over those who do not have it, but who need it nonetheless.

Reward Power (CH19)

Power linked to the ability to either provide a good thing or take away a negative thing from someone for doing a task.

Coercive power

Power linked to the ability to introduce something negative or take away something positive from group members.

Legitimate power (CH19)

Power that emanates from a position, and so the person occupying that position is imbued with authority that must be followed.

Task roles

Related to accomplishing work together as a group.

Maintenance Roles

Related to the development and maintenance of the relationships within the group.

Groupthink (CH18)

The willful seeking of unanimity despite individuals who harbor doubts.

Grouphate (CH18)

When people have strong negative feelings about the prospect of working in a group.