Comm 110 general quiz questions

Fields of experience and feedback both fall under the communication-as-transmission metaphor.

False

If you are caught plagiarizing, you won't be punished as long as you can honestly say you didn't know that what you were doing was plagiarism.

False

In the final stage of Knapp and Vangelisti's stages of coming apart, couples stop "working together" and communicate in ways that show their individuality, rather than joint identity.

False

Influence is the process of being aware of and understanding the world.

False

It is usually necessary to come right out and tell your audience when your speech is over.

False

Nonverbal cues can only be given face-to-face, not in a mediated environment.

False

Nonverbal cues cannot be used in digital communication.

False

One problem with linear models is the extreme diversity in their research subjects.

False

People in the United States enjoy close proximity with people, preferring the intimate zone of 0 to 18 inches over other types of spatial zones.

False

Relational dialectics theory (RDT) begins with the premise that relationships move through a linear process of self-disclosure.

False

Symbolic interactionism assumes that the process of self-reflection is highly individualistic and not influenced by social interactions.

False

The downside to using multimedia presentational aids is that the audience's retention of the information you present will tend to decrease.

False

The information-giver role includes carrying out procedural duties and possibly sending e-mails to the group after the meeting.

False

The three stages of workplace socialization are the anticipatory stage, the performance stage, and the exit stage.

False

______ refers to how cautiously we react when meeting new people or being in new environments.

Familiarity

Conveying feelings and attitudes is an important function of nonverbal communication.

True

Cultural rituals include the celebration of holidays and religious observances.

True

In nonverbal communication, things represented through likeness or similarity use an analog code.

True

In the Communication Age, the information giver is expected to be proficient in using technology and seeking relevant information on the Internet.

True

Individuals who have mastered the ability to make their language-specific phonemes are considered articulate.

True

Multimedia presentational aids can enhance a speaker's credibility.

True

Narrative coherence is the way in which a story hangs together and makes sense.

True

Neutralization, in regard to dialectical tensions, is compromising so that both dialectical needs are met to some degree but not fully.

True

New media theory is important because it helps to understand the impact of technology on human relationships.

True

Nonverbal communication can vary greatly by culture.

True

Our nonverbal behaviors change depending upon the environments in which we communicate.

True

Programs such as Apple's iMovie or Microsoft's Windows Movie Maker allow your computer-generated multimedia aids to be incorporated directly into the video.

True

Standpoint theory suggests that we develop our points of view based on our perspective as members of social groups.

True

Static media do not require the audience to use electronics

True

The domain name included in your e-mail address is reflective of the service provider, profession, or affiliation you have to others.

True

The fact that the letters d, o, and g spell dog, yet nothing about the word resembles what a dog actually looks like, illustrates the arbitrariness of symbols.

True

The flexibility of shared leadership permits the most competent group member(s) to assume the role when needed and usually rotates among group members over the life span of a task.

True

The key to evaluating your sources is to analyze the information, the author, and the publisher.

True

The term "culture" refers to the rules of living and functioning in a particular society.

True

Touch (haptics) can be used to show power and role differences between people.

True

Turning points find their foundations in our interpretations of events that have occurred.

True

Understanding is often an unconscious process of attaching meaning to words.

True

Verbal communication can be compared to a digital code that represents messages through the use of symbols.

True

Verbal communication is particularly powerful because we convey clear and exact messages with words, whereas the nonverbal communication often conveys messages of feelings and impressions.

True

We are most likely to form relationships with people who inhabit space with us.

True

When communicating, there is always the possibility of mystery, or communication without clear explanation.

True

When conducting audience analysis, it is important to understand our own cultural identity before we seek to understand the audience's cultural backgrounds.

True

Imagine you are meeting with a small study group at the library before an exam. Halfway into your study session, a larger group of students sits at the tables around yours, engaging in small talk with each other, and you eventually decide to leave. Which type of intrusion does this illustrate?

invasion

Which task role is associated with the ability to provide and synthesize ideas and alternatives to and for group members?

information-giver

Jennifer has become the de facto leader of her group; she views herself as responsible for the groups accomplishments and has spurred individuals to action to make sure they meet their goals. What role has Jennifer adopted?

initiator-contributor

Which task role is associated with taking charge and making sure that your group progresses toward task accomplishment?

initiator-contributor

A person engaging in a(n) ______ travels to different communities specifically to listen to the concerns and ideas of the people who live there.

listening tour

In the English language, there is social agreement on what type of animal the word bear pertains to, even though there are variations in a bear's appearance. This social agreement demonstrates that symbols are ______.

intentional

Which kind of transition reminds the audience of what they have just learned or heard and is often used to recap important and/or complicated information?

internal summary

Clint values knowledge and expertise. He focuses on details when communicating and pays particular attention to others' verbal communication. Clint is most likely from a ______.

low-context culture

Brock is a newscaster for a local TV station. In what type of communication is he engaging when he's on the air?

mass

Flaca posts photos of her bridal shower on her Instagram account. What type of communication does this illustrate?

masspersonal

Portrayals of things like beauty, gender roles, and family life have a particularly strong influence on perception when encountered through ______.

media

Which course of action is likely to increase the symptoms of CA?

memorizing the entire speech

In the specific purpose statement "To inform my audience that social smoking is harmful to their health," which is the general purpose?

"To inform"

How might power through the use of chronemics be displayed in the workplace?

(varies) Time is used to denote power and role differences in the workplace. Your boss might keep you waiting while she or he is talking on the phone because doing so communicates a difference in power such that her or his time is more valuable than yours. Or someone going in for a job interview may be compelled to be right on time to increase perception of reliability while the interviewer does not feel pressure to start the interview on time.

How does a strong work culture differ from a weak work culture?

A strong culture has artifacts that are strongly connected to the values and assumptions, and the values permeate the entire organization. In a weak work culture, there are only loosely connected artifacts, and the values are limited to top management. Workers identify more with their subcultures than the company's values.

Which expression captures the essence of the power of nonverbal communication?

Actions speak louder than words.

Listening is best described as a(n) ______ process.

Active

______ refers to a blend of both feminine and masculine traits.

Androgyny

What are two examples of why one might fail to focus on the message?

Answers will vary. Some examples are mind wandering, technology distractions, words being too complicated (jargon), we do not like the person sending the message, and environmental distractions.

Which statement is true regarding descriptive informative presentations?

Any of the organizational patterns for informative presentations will work.

In what ways can inclusive language shape our social world? Give an example.

As individuals, we have the power to control the way we use words and the meaning of them. Inclusive language allows for everyone to be included in the message and not feel excluded or insignificant. Using words like policeman or chairman excludes the possibility of thinking that females can participate in these positions. Inclusive language allows words like police officer and chairperson to correct those social inequities and change our stereotypical thinking.

What is the difference between an attitude and a belief? Is one harder to influence or change than the other? Explain why or why not.

Attitudes can change quite easily, but beliefs take more time, evidence, and persuasion to change. If your attempt is to change beliefs, you will need to craft a stronger argument than you would if you wanted to change attitudes.

______ is the process of gathering and analyzing information about an audience to make informed choices about the content and delivery of a presentation.

Audience analysis

Cecile is in a debate club in college. She listens to a debate about whether or not to eat organic produce and then makes a decision on whose side to agree with. Her teammate, Rob, loses the debate and shares his frustrations with Cecile, who responds by offering her support and encouragement. Her debate coach then ends the meeting by describing the topic and rules for the next debate, at which point Cecile takes notes to use in her preparation. Which different types of listening did Cecile demonstrate in this example, and at which points in the debate club session did she demonstrate them?

Cecile used critical listening when she listened to both sides of the debate and decided which side to agree with. She then used empathic listening when her teammate Rob expressed his disappointment with his loss. Finally, she used comprehensive listening when she listened to her coach describe the rules of the next debate.

______ is the study of time and how time structures interactions.

Chronemics

______ is defined as "an individual's level of fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons."

Communication apprehension

What is communication competence? Give an example of how you can become a more competent communicator in the university classroom.

Communication competence refers to the ability to communicate in personally effective yet socially appropriate ways. In other words, to be competent communicators, we must balance our own goals with the needs and expectations of others, given the social circumstances. Students can be competent communicators in the classroom by understanding effective ways of talking to the professor both in- and outside the classroom. For example, if a student plans to be absent from class, it is expected that they will inform the instructor of that absence. A good way to do that is through face-to-face communication during class or through e-mail. A student who is absent without telling the instructor why he or she is absent may send an unintentional message that he or she doesn't want to be in class. Students can also be more competent communicators by using appropriate formal e-mail messages. This can be done by using salutations or greetings in their e-mail, and also by ending with a closing and their name. Instructors may find it rude or too informal when a student sends an e-mail with no greeting or "Dear Dr. Jones." While text messaging may be considered less formal, there are still expectations for how students should address instructors. Knowing these expectations can increase the likelihood of the student being seen as a competent communicator in the classroom.

According to Social Penetration Theory, disclosing one's political views and social attitudes to a partner is what allows for the revelation of one's core.

False

An avatar is a digital representation of society.

False

Androgyny refers to a person exhibit feminine traits.

False

Being a good listener in a relationship comes naturally to most people.

False

______ presentations are the speeches most commonly presented in communication classes.

Extemporaneous

Identify and briefly explain the three reasons why we should study the connections between people, space, and distance (proxemics).

First, who we are as people can be revealed by our preferred use of space and distance, so we need to understand how we (and others) use our space. Second, our verbal and nonverbal communication is influenced by distance and space. Different cultures value space and distance differently and this influences how we interact with others. Third, we use metaphors of distance and space to talk about and explain our relationships. In short, our relationships, our power and status, and our cultural backgrounds determine how physically close we are to others and how close we allow others to get to us.

______ refers to the smoothness of your voice.

Fluency

List four reasons that groups disband or adjourn.

Groups do not always adjourn because they have completed their task. The four reasons groups adjourn are (1) the group has finished its task, (2) the group has run out of time allotted to complete the task, (3) the group has failed at its task; or (4) the group is unable to function in its present form or condition.

Explain the difference between hearing and listening.

Hearing is the physical process of sound waves being received by the ear and the brain, and listening is the active process of receiving, constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken and/or nonverbal messages. Hearing is one small part of the listening process as a whole. Hearing is a passive process, whereas listening is an active process.

If you want to address a problem in a way that lowers your risk of a negative response, it is important to use ______ statements.

I

Which is a strength of the social penetration model?

It describes a predictable set of stages people go through as their relationships develop.

Which of these is true of the topical pattern?

It is better for informative speeches than for persuasive speeches.

Communication activism is a form of engagement used to support social change in communities.

True

______ has been associated with verbal aggression and reduced motivation to succeed in the classroom.

Listening anxiety

______ is the ability to remain in the present moment and fully be aware of the speaker, the environment, and the message

Mindfulness

A person who makes "to-do" lists to stay on schedule for daily tasks is likely to be from a ______ culture.

Monochronic

______ refers to all the ways we communicate without words.

Nonverbal communication

______ is defined by Andersen (1979) as the use of closeness-inducing nonverbal behavior cues.

Nonverbal immediacy

At a job interview, a candidate answers all the questions exactly how the interviewer had hoped, yet the interviewer is hesitant to hire the candidate because she arrived 15 min late to the interview. The interviewer thinks that might mean the candidate is often late, despite her apologies and comments that she is not. This supports which notion about nonverbal communication?

Nonverbal messages are more convincing.

New media are mutually active and allow users to probe, question, and constantly find information. What are four interactive technologies beyond the Internet?

Smartphones, text messages, iPods, video on demand, Netflix, e-mail, iTunes, YouTube, video games, and Skype

______ is the study of how people use space and distance to communicate.

Proxemics

A(n) ______ gives your audience an incentive to listen and should be announced early in the presentation.

Reward

Those group members who fail to contribute equally or equitably to a group task are referred to as ______.

Slackers

Sopheak is the leader of the bake sale that her theater company is holding to raise funds for their next production. Rajiv, one of the group members, wants it to be an international bake sale, showcasing desserts from various countries. Emily, however, envisions a more traditional bake sale and wants to make it easy by buying store-bought goods. Sopheak proposes they meet in the middle and try to find store-bought goods from specialty food stores. What conflict-handling style is Sopheak using, and why may it not be the best selection?

Sopheak is using the compromising conflict-handling style, with good intention to find middle ground. However, this style forces both Rajiv and Emily to give up something, and they may feel unappreciated and taken for granted in the end.

Being a good listener is one of the most important skills in the workplace.

True

Being given more time than expected is often not a problem because presenters tend to speak too fast, and this may give an opportunity to slow down the pace.

True

Choosing and refining your topic is the first step in preparing an informative presentation.

True

Describe the development of the First Media Age as well as the evolution of the Second Media Age.

The Electronic Tradition (First Media Age) includes media that require users to make use of electronics to access content. These include media such as audio/visual recordings, radio, telegraph, and television. News and information were released through a highly centralized production; only a few editors had control of informing the public. Because of the multifunctionality of many new media devices, such as the smartphone, researchers created a new classification for technological advancements: the Second Media Age, also referred to as the Digital Tradition, Mashup Culture, the Information Age, and the Attention Age.

Which conflict-handling style is preferred for the most effective resolution to conflict and why?

The integrating conflict-handling style is preferred because it has higher-quality outcomes, it is effective with problem solving and decision making, and it supports group member satisfaction.

Which statement is true regarding work-spouse relationships?

The participants can encounter blurred personal and professional boundaries.

What are the six ways people perceive the environment around them? Describe a favorite restaurant experience using these six factors of perceptions of environment.

The perceptions of environment include formality, warmth, privacy, familiarity, constraint, and distance. A favorite restaurant (answers vary) might be formal looking, indicating you have gone somewhere special; could seem warm and inviting; might have tables that give a sense of privacy when on a date; might seem familiar, if you have visited before; or might make you feel unconstrained and free to stay within the privacy of the table or visit the bar area and have a clear path to the door and restroom in case of need or emergency.

Which is an accurate statement regarding collegial peer relationships?

These peers help each other's professional and personal development.

Serena, the newly elected president of Lambda Pi Eta, is shocked by the low attendance at weekly meetings, which are held at 8:00 a.m. on Mondays. What element has she likely failed to consider with regard to group meeting environment?

Time

Any time you are asking what should be done to make changes for the better, you are using a claim of policy.

True

Because communication is a process, we can understand the communication between people as being able to develop a particular history.

True

We use ______ communication to convey clear and concise messages.

Verbal

______ is the cyberspace equivalent of familiar physical space.

Virtuality

Describe warranting theory and give an example of a situation in which it may apply.

Warranting theory suggests that when we communicate anonymously online, we may misrepresent information about ourselves; however, we are less likely to distort our representation of ourselves when the receiver has access to other members of our social circle. Student examples will vary, but one example would be two people who are communication online through a dating site and find they have acquaintances or friends in common. They would be less likely to lie or distort information about themselves, knowing this information could be confirmed or refuted by the mutual contact.

What might be the problem with using nonverbal cues to determine someone's ethnic background?

What you see visually may not be an accurate depiction of ethnicity.

As Lora is taking a walk with her husband, Gary, he describes his terrible day, but she is distracted by the fire engine siren coming from down the street. This situation demonstrates which concept?

You can hear someone without really listening to them.

What is the relationship between listening and social reality?

You cannot create or participate in social reality if nobody is listening.

The accenting function of nonverbal behavior can be summarized in which way?

a nonverbal message that highlights the verbal message

Which symbol/metaphor best describes communication?

a river whose path changes over time

The two components identified in the definition of communication are ______.

creation and participation

A high school graduation ceremony is an example of a ______.

cultural ritual

The practices, behaviors, celebrations, and traditions common to people, organizations, and institutions are called ______.

cultural rituals

Colby and his dad, Dusty, are looking at the advanced features on Colby's new phone, and Dusty asks, "What next? They'll probably be surgically implanting our cell phones." Colby says. "A guy in my communication class gave a speech about these wild new technologies. Implanted compasses! Like your own personal GPS system. Or an electronic tattoo that will read your vital signs and transmit them wirelessly." Which characteristic of new media theory does this conversation reflect?

always evolving

An argument by ______ compares different ideas or examples to reach a conclusion.

analogy

To say that symbols bear no likeness between the word (symbol) and the thing it represents suggests that symbols are ______.

arbitrary

What is the correct order of the components of an introduction?

attention-getter, introduction of thesis, demonstrating importance and credibility, preview of main points

Your ______ can be the way you present yourself through social media or in an online game.

avatar

Giving credit is the easiest way to ______.

avoid plagiarism

We maintain our tethered self by ______.

being attuned to and accessing our connections online while we go about our daily lives in the real world

The ______ role is one that is somewhat outside the group. This person acts as a liaison between the group and the larger entity in which the group exists, such as the workplace or the school system.

boundary-spanning

In ______ cultures, more emphasis is placed on the group, in order to promote cohesion and loyalty.

collectivist

Social Penetration Theory and the Model of Interaction Stages are both ______ models.

linear

Communication ______ reflects our ability to communication in a personally effective yet socially appropriate manner.

competence

You ask your friend if she is enjoying her new aerobics class and she says "Yes" while shaking her head no. This example highlights which function of nonverbal messages?

conflicting

Which type of group talk refers to discussions about group identity and pride?

consciousness-raising talk

You began a conversation with a friend about the latest episode of Game of Thrones on Facebook and continue that conversation when you see your friend face-to-face later. This is an example of ______.

convergence

When given a shorter time for the presentation than originally expected, what is advisable to do?

cut one of the main points, assuming the main points were balanced

The ability to understand the different stimuli around us in order to process the meaning is considered ______ listening.

discriminative

The ability to understand the different stimuli around us so we can process its meaning is considered ______ listening.

discriminative

Which turning point in relationships is a result of direct communication, including statements such as "I love you?"

dyadic

Memories contain which three qualities?

dynamic, creative, and social

Textual expressions of emotions occur through the use of ______.

emoticons

During a Wednesday morning staff meeting, Wilhelm's supervisor asks him to report on the findings of the focus group he conducted with college students regarding perceptions of campus safety. Wilhelm is being asked to deliver a(n) ______ presentation.

impromptu

In which type of group talk might the members discuss how their midterms went, the parking situation on campus, and how the weather has been?

encounter talk

In which circumstance is it beneficial to listen to as many people as possible in order to open the door to possible solutions?

engaging in community activism

Ethical communication ______.

enhances the well-being of individuals and society

Factors such as room design, lighting, smell, and seating arrangement influence ______.

environment

Providing credible and timely information is ______ speeches.

equally important to both persuasive and informative

Which cultural imperative should guide us to do right instead of wrong in intercultural situations?

ethical imperative

Which type of presentation allows a speaker to investigate a topic that he or she previously has not learned about or to uncover new information about a topic that is already familiar?

explanatory

Emoticons work best when used in interactions that have formerly occurred ______.

face to face

The characteristic of ______ means that new media have the capability to adapt to new, different, or changing requirements.

flexibility

Mario's pastor asks him about how fatherhood is, his son's coach greets him with "Hi Dad," and he takes on a class parent role in the elementary school. These are all examples of Mario's internalized sense of his place in society, known as his ______.

generalized other

Which step can help increase your ability to hear?

get closer to the speaker

When groups such as the Ku Klux Klan and other White pride groups claim that White people are superior to African Americans and other ethnic groups, they are engaging in ______.

hate speech

The primary ethical concern in the transaction metaphor of communication involves ______.

how our message impacts those around us

Gestures that are used to control turn-taking in conversations are called ______.

regulators

Individuals with the ______ learning style would likely prefer hands-on demonstrations of your topic.

kinesthetic

Aron spoke to a group of teenagers about his experience with peer pressure and how it led to him taking drugs while in high school. Then he spoke about his experience in a rehab center. The teenagers he spoke to nodded their heads in understanding Aron's stories about succumbing to peer pressure. Aron seems to have established ______ with his audience.

narrative fidelity

The facial management technique used to erase or numb how we really feel is called ______.

neutralization

Cultural groups that shy away from frequent touch are called ______ cultures.

noncontact

Convergence refers to how different technologies ______.

overlap and intersect in our daily lives

Which of these is an example of a cultural ritual?

participating in pledge week for Greek organizations

A ______ has formed when perceptions are hindered or clouded by culture, media, previous experience, and/or language.

perceptual barrier

Using someone else's language, ideas, or other material as your own without giving them credit is known as ______.

plagiarism

What are the two components of kinesics?

postures and gestures

A culture in which people are discouraged from questioning their parents, bosses, teachers, or governmental leaders is high in ______.

power distance

What type of schema helps us answer the question "What is it?" by conjuring our mental image of the best example of something?

prototypes

Angesa's boyfriend, Louie, is stationed in Afghanistan with the U.S. Army. Angesa and Louie communicate several nights per week via Skype. Which benefit of convergence does this illustrate?

provides greater opportunity to connect with others

In arguing that culture has more to do with gendered behavior than biology, you are dealing with what type of question?

questions of fact

To persuade an audience that social media sites such as Facebook, Instagram, and networking sites such as LinkedIn are important networking tools and one's active engagement on these sites can lead to future employment opportunities is an example of an argument by ______.

relationship

Being nonverbally attentive is integral in being skilled at ______.

responding

Jon and Tracy are working at a bake sale fundraiser for the Debate Club. On the day of the fundraiser, Tracy shows up late and forgets to bring the cookies she baked that morning. Jon who arrived on time with the cupcakes he was asked to bring says, "It's okay, Tracy, I know you were occupied with studying for your midterm. Why don't you keep an eye out on the table, and I'll run to the store and buy some cookies?" Jon used which of the following message design logic (MDL) responses?

rhetorical

Which cultural communication imperative focuses on communicators learning about other cultures and, in turn, learning more about one's own culture?

self-awareness imperative

Self-image and self-esteem are the two components that together are called ______.

self-concept

Ryan met Sadie in his history class. He found her personality and actions in class pleasing as they interacted throughout the semester. What does this display?

social attractiveness

What strategy did Yale professors Sherif and Hovland (1961) develop that maintains that individuals can be persuaded on a topic by being convinced to accept changes that are close to their already held beliefs?

social judgment theory

Body types can be classified in nonverbal communication using a method called ______.

somatyping

Regan often has trouble understanding Greg's e-mails because he tends to write long sentences with various words in all caps and bold and limited punctuation. This is an example of a ______.

source distraction

Maricel's presentation is a virtual tour of the 9/11 museum in New York City. She wants to show the sections of the museum through the visual aid Prezi to the audience in order to create interest in visiting the museum. What organizational pattern would be helpful?

spatial

Positive or negative generalizations applied to a group of peoples are referred to as ______.

stereotypes

The study of how people use space and objects to communicate occupancy or ownership of space is known as ______.

territoriality

Irving Goffman's theory of self-presentation relates to new media and computer-mediated communication because ______.

there is a relationship between our performance aspects and our identity online because we become what we type

In the body of a speech, ______ are used to remind the audience about what was just mentioned and tell them what will be discussed next.

transitions

Which is an example of plagiarism?

turning in your own work that you did for a different project

Greece ranks highest in the cultural dimension having to do with a culture's comfort level with unstructured situations. Because of this feature, Greece is high in bureaucracy and lacks innovation. What is this dimension?

uncertainty avoidance

Sydney is unexpectedly asked to present the findings of a focus group she conducted with college students about their perceptions of campus safety. Which course of action is the most likely to reduce the quality of her speech?

using at least four main points

Which communication characteristic reflects a healthy relationship?

valuing the contribution of one another

Which of the following types of communication is a digital code that represents message via symbols?

verbal communication

Communicative exchanges that occur between people within a workplace are aimed toward accomplishing workplace goals and objectives are known as ______ communication.

workplace

Which of the following is good advice for creating a survey to be used for audience analysis?

write clear, concise questions

One advantage to using a computer-generated multimedia aid such as Google Slides, Keynote, or Prezi is that you do not need to worry about whether ______.

your presentational aid will be seen as old-fashioned