COMM 1300 Midterm 1

internal summary

An internal summary reminds the audience what the speaker has recently discussed.

basic principles

Basic principles describe guidelines for addressing an online audience. These principles are not likely to change.

Oliver is giving a speech in an auditorium and knows he will have to use a microphone. He seeks out advice from his friend Chad. What advice should Chad give Oliver?

Be mindful of your visual aids if you walk around on stage.

José is ready to create his speaking outline. What should he do?

Create a simplified version of his preparation outline that also includes memory aids for himself.

Beth is about to start a synchronous online presentation. She has three light sources, is sitting at a desk, and has positioned herself in front of a light gray wall. She is wearing a navy blouse, a simple necklace, and three metal bracelets. She will be using the webcam on her laptop for video and the computer microphone for audio. What error has Beth made?

She is wearing bracelets that are likely to cause noise.

Deisha wants to include some direct quotes in her speech. Where should Deisha include those quotes verbatim?

She should include them in both her preparation outline and her speaking outline.

Kat is producing a video for her family in Amarillo. She is living in New York City, working as an intern with a video production company. She'll be seated in front of her bookshelf, and she even moved a plant into the scene. Kat hasn't seen her family for a month, so she wants to look good as she shares her news. What light source(s) should she use to make a professional-looking video

She should use a bright light source directed at herself, another light source directed at the background, and a third light source between those two light sources.

What should a speaker develop to help jog their memory while speaking?

Speaking Outline

Which scenario is MOST likely to result in an engaged, interested audience?

The speaker's interest mirrors that of the audience.

Lataya is an aerospace engineer who plans to use the problem-solution organizational pattern to persuade her boss that they should change the wing design of their planes to fix the problem of limited speed. When should Lataya describe the different types of wing designs?

Third

What is one thing a speaker can do to help maintain their focus when delivering an online presentation?

Turn off their phone or put it in "do not disturb" mode.

Isaac is giving a speech at a formal fund-raising event for an animal shelter. He considers himself somewhat zany and wants to express his personality in how he dresses for the event. Which clothing or accessory choice would be appropriate?

dress shoes with rhinestones on the top

Paulo is giving a speech about how to train dogs to sit and stay. After describing how to teach the sit command, Paulo says, "Next, you should focus on teaching the dog to stay." Which has Paulo used?

enumeration

During class, Professor Ingraham states, "Public speaking can be used to inform and persuade, but unscrupulous speakers can also use it as a means to manipulate." Professor Ingraham is referring to speakers':

ethics

What does international expert Jürgen Streeck believe to be just as significant to people's social world as speech?

gestures

As a speaker works from a preparation outline toward a speaking outline, the outline should be:

getting shorter

When giving a speech about challenges faced by adult learners, Orlando periodically refers to his notes. When he sees "C. Mindset—doubt," he begins to describe how mindset affects learning. What was Orlando referring to during his speech?

his speaking outline

Leah, a management consultant and "service evangelist," gives a speech about improving customer service at a corporate event. When the host of the event talks to the audience members after the speech, most people report that they felt the speech didn't really apply to them. This suggests that Leah failed to:

identify where her interest, the purpose of the event, and the audience's interest overlapped.

Abby will be presenting her research at a conference of her peers. She plans to present a project she has been working on for several years, but she needs to limit its scope to fit within the twenty minutes she has been allotted for her presentation. What would MOST help Abby narrow her topic?

learning about the audience's main interests about the topic

The final note of any speech is often the most:

memorable

Once the speaker has an idea of how the audience will dress, they should wear what the audience will wear, but they should do it a bit:

nicer

Nate attended a seminar that discussed multiple strategies for managing anxiety. Although he was attentive throughout the seminar, the next day, he remembers the last two strategies presented but can't recall the first few strategies presented. What explains the discrepancy in his memory?

recency effect

In a large room, a speaker will not be able to make eye contact with everyone, so they should practice panning back and forth across the audience, a process called:

scanning

In her speech, Laura plans to use the problem-solution organizational pattern to discuss why people should invest in a UV phone sanitizer to clean their cell phones and prevent the spread of germs. What should Laura discuss first?

the fact that phones are infrequently cleaned and are often covered with germs

When giving a speech, the ideal number of main points to include is:

three

Calvin is an elected official giving a speech to his constituents. In his introduction, he makes sure to tell the audience that he understands and cares about the same issues they do. Why does Calvin include this in his speech?

to cultivate goodwill

Julian gives a presentation at a company function intended to recognize employees who had reached milestone anniversaries. After the event, many employees report that they were confused about Julian's presentation and unsure how it related to the long-term employees. What could have helped Julian avoid making this mistake?

understanding the primary characteristic of the speech situation

DeAndre has prepared an online presentation and asks his friend Pam to review it. Pam notices that he uses hyperlinks. What advice should Pam give DeAndre?

"Download any video or audio clips and display them from your device."

Melinda produced her first video reaction to a film on YouTube, and her friends mentioned that she seemed nervous and stiff. What adjustments can she make to improve next time?

Add variety to her voice to sound more energetic and confident.

Ted is giving a speech on poetry. Which statement should he include in his speech to increase the chances of the speech lingering in the minds of the audience?

As the famous writer and poet Edgar Allan Poe said, "Quoth the Raven, nevermore."

During brainstorming, Riley becomes stuck. She decides to use free association and populates an entire page of seemingly unrelated words. What should Riley do next?

Ask herself what the words have in common.

enumeration

Enumeration concerns composing transitions for oral delivery and the creation of mental signposts, which are verbal indications of the direction the speech will take; many terms and phrases are handy for this purpose—for example, "first," "second," "third," "one," "two," "next," and "finally."

Jagan is planning to give an extemporaneous speech for his public speaking class and tells his classmate that he will be using a preparation outline for his speech. Which scenario is typical of extemporaneous speeches?

Extemporaneous speakers use a speaking outline when speaking.

What should a person remember about eye contact while speaking?

Eye contact enhances one's credibility as a speaker.

How many lines of specificity in an outline indicate that a speaker is being too specific for a speech?

Five or more

Which statement would be MOST effective as a thesis statement for a speech that will inform an audience about gum disease?

Gum disease can wreak havoc on your body, but it is preventable with consistent oral hygiene.

Melvin has speech anxiety and gets consumed by the "what ifs" before giving a speech. For example, he worries that he will mess up, speak too fast, trip onstage, or any number of possibilities. In one of Melvin's current courses, he will be required to give multiple speeches over the semester. After the course is complete, how will Melvin's speech anxiety likely be affected?

He will Likely have less anxiety about giving speeches.

Sylvie is giving a speech about weather. Which statement, if included in her speech, is MOST likely to result in her audience thinking about her speech when it is over?

How do hurricanes see? With one eye!

Ken is giving a speech about growing herbs at home. He is following a temporal pattern for his speech and is now creating his basic speech outline. Which outline format would be appropriate for this speech?

I. Planting Your Herbs / A. Selecting a Space / B. Preparing the Soil / C. Planting

Amelia is nervous about speaking with a microphone for the first time and asks a friend for advice. What advice should the friend give her?

If you have to clear your throat or burp, be sure to step away from the microphone.

If a speaker wants to remind the audience of the points they've already covered, which transition would be appropriate?

Internal Summary

How does tonework differ in high-context and low-context cultures?

It is more challenging in low-context cultures.

Jenna, an introvert, is nervous about participating in a group project. Her professor tells her, "Just pretend you are an extrovert and be full of energy." According to researchers, if Jenna follows her instructor's advice, what is MOST likely to happen?

Jenna will be perceived as an extrovert and will view the interaction as positive.

Janessa is a medical blogger and is giving a speech at a writers' conference. Her audience consists of about 30 people, and the speech is taking place in a small meeting room. How does this scenario compare to the average speech people are asked to give in their lifetimes?

Most speeches are for smaller groups and take place in smaller locations.

Which person is engaging in visualization?

Niall, who pictures himself in front of the class successfully giving a speech

A speaker has six important points she wants people to remember from her speech. How can she help her audience remember all six points?

Organize the points into chunks.

Heidi is hired to work in the human resource department of a large firm. Her job involves researching applicants' online presence to see if they have posted anything unsavory. She is shocked to see photos of applicants making obscene gestures in unprofessional clothing. What is the MOST important lesson this scenario illustrates?

People have a responsibility to others and to their future self to be careful about what they post online.

Laney asks a friend to listen to her speech and give feedback. In her speech, Laney opens with a direct quote from a well-known activist, states her thesis, gives a preview of what she plans to cover, enumerates each point as she moves through her speech, concludes by repeating her thesis word for word, and then says, "Thank you." What feedback should her friend give her?

Rather than repeating your thesis exactly, try stating it another way.

A nonprofit organization has asked Michal, a martial arts instructor, to give a speech on self-defense. The organization told him he will be speaking to a group of about forty college women who want to feel more confident walking on campus at night. Which basic question should Michal ask himself to better define his topic?

What is the speaking situation?

Elbert is an expert in leadership and change management. He has been asked to speak about customer-employee relations at an event for small business owners in another city. Before the event, Elbert spends time getting familiar with the culture of the city and getting to know the businesses. What question is Elbert trying to answer?

What topics will be interesting and relevant to my audience?

Clifton gives an informative speech for his speech class. He speaks more slowly during serious portions, modulates his voice, pauses frequently between points, and avoids the use of verbal fillers. What feedback is his speech professor MOST likely to give about Clifton's speech?

Work to reduce the number of pauses in your speaking.

Harry is preparing to give a speech at a fund-raising event. He believes that if people were to put themselves in the place of those he is seeking to help, they would better understand the need and make a donation. Which attention getter would help accomplish this?

asking the audience to imagine themselves in a specific scenario

Lorna knows she will have to give a speech in her class next week. As part of the research step, she observes her classmates to get a sense of the number of male versus female students, how they dress, and what their average age is. What is Lorna engaged in?

audience analysis

Quentin's final exam in his online marketing class is in the form of a ten-minute Zoom presentation on why Hasbro's Lincoln Logs are a best-selling toy. To his surprise, the history is interesting, and he finds more than enough visuals and information to tell the Lincoln Logs story. However, he wrestles with how to make his presentation do justice to the subject. What should be Quentin's first consideration?

basic principles

Which should be included only in a preparation outline?

citations for all refrences

Malik reads a magazine article at his doctor's office that talks about the effects of salt on heart disease. He becomes curious and wants to learn more. What action would help him do this?

using his smartphone to search for "salt and heart disease" on the Internet

Early on in a speech, the audience feels a sense of rapport with the speaker. Based on this, we can conclude that the speaker:

was able to cultivate goodwill.

Devin has been asked to speak to a group of do-it-yourself beekeepers. Devin is very interested in bee behavior and why home beekeepers are needed, but he has no strong feelings about the process of beekeeping. His audience is interested in best practices for successful beekeeping and learning more about queen bees. Which topic is MOST likely to engage Devin's audience?

why bees leave the hive and how to prevent it

The preparation or working outline should be:

written down