COMM 145 Exam 2

the thumb and forefinger forming a circle means "ok" in the U.S.A., but it means ______ in Japan?

"money"

According to Edward T. Hall, personal distance ranges from?

18 inches to 4 feet

______ are gestures that satisfy some personal read, such as moving your hair out of your eyes?

Adaptors

_______ strategies, such as appearing dynamic and supportive, are used to increase the chances of being liked?

Affinity-seeking

"female bosses are more nurturing. I know because I've had two of them." this is an example of which of the following fallacies of reasoning?

Anecdotal evidence

_______ people state their opinions and stand up for their rights, but do not hurt others in the process?

Assertive

All of the following are suggested guidelines for making your presentation more effective EXCEPT?

Avoid varying your delivery volume

the process by which you try to explain the reasons or motivations for a person's behavior based on whether the person determined his or her behavior is called?

Behavioral fallacy

During Tate's speech, he demonstrated his concern for the audience and his honesty. By the end of the speech, the audience felt Tate was someone they could trust. Tate was demonstrating?

Character

_____ attacks, also known as ad hominem attacks, involve accusing an opponent of wrongdoing or personal flaw?

Character

______ is the quality of credibility that refers top the knowledge and expertise the audience thinks the speaker has?

Character

to increase ______, you should demonstrate enthusiasm, have a positive outlook, and show empathy?

Charisma

_______ is a communication pattern in which you acknowledge the presence of another and indicate your acceptance of this person?

Confirmation

______ refers to emotional meaning that specific speakers and listeners give to a word?

Connotation

to a large extent, ______ determines the meaning of any verbal or nonverbal behavior?

Context

______ refers to dictionary meaning of a word?

Denotation

Brad thought Michael was a loser, so he ignored him whenever he encountered him. What communication pattern was Brad exhibiting?

Disconfirmation

According to the author, the ______ speech is useful method in most speaking situations?

Extemporaneous

The most important single aspect of bodily communication is?

Eye contact

A(n) _______ statement must be made by the observer after observation and must be limited to what is observed?

Factual

what does the author suggest you do make your language appropriate?

Generally avoid ethnic expressions

if you believe that Janet is generous and trustworthy because you find her physically attractive, you are demonstrating the _____ effect?

Halo

is the use of extreme exaggeration, as in "I'm so hungry I could eat a horse."?

Hyperbole

Wanda was speaking to a group of low-income senior citizens about the benefits of volunteering. She talked about how when she retired, she found volunteering to be rewarding even though it didn't pay anything and she could have used the extra money. Wanda was demonstrating similarity with the audience, a principle called?

Identification

______ enhance the verbal messages they accompany and increase your ability to remember?

Illustrators

_______ refers to the failure to distinguish between similar but different people, objects, or events?

Indiscrimination

when you are receiving an understanding, remembering, evaluating, and responding to verbal and/or nonverbal messages, you are?

Listening

Impression ______ refers to the processes you go through to communicate the impression you want other people to have of you?

Management

The phrase "city hall issued the following news release" best illustrates which figured of speech?

Metonymy

The term ______ refers to the degree to which a communication style resembles that of informal conversation?

Oral style

what term means, it is not what you say but how you say it that matters?

Paralanguage

when trying to decide whether or not he should got to college, Jae-Kwang's parents questioned, "well, do you want to make something of yourself, or do you want to work for minimum wage your whole life? What tendency do Jae-Kwang's parents exhibit?

Polarization

when Sheryl tried to give her opinion about the football game, Carlo shut her down, saying women don't know anything about football. Which barrier to listening was taking place?

Premature judgement

Territories you control, such as your desk or house, are considered your ______ territory ?

Primary

for a speech advocating a zero tolerance policy for guns in the schools, the ______ organizational pattern seem most appropriate?

Problem-solution

your use of space to communicate is referred to as?

Proxemics

Lailani was so absorbed in what Joe was saying that she didn't realize she was nodding her head and leaning towards him. What type of body movement was Lailani unconsciously using to encourage Joe?

Regulator

what advice is given for rehearsing your speech?

Rehearse your speech in front of a full-length mirror

Backchanneling cues, such as "yes" and "uh-huh" occur in which stage of listening ?

Responding

Communication in which you reveal something about yourself that you normally keep to yourself is called?

Self-disclosure

when is a job interview, you take care great to use _____ strategies. You dress professionally, speak articulately, and emphasize your positive qualities?

Self-monitoring

which of the following statements about spoken language is true?

Spoken language uses shorter, simpler, and more familiar words than written language.

______ is the tendency to retain appraisals without change while the reality to which they refer is changing?

Static evaluation

How can we create immediacy?

Use terms that include you and your audience, such as "we" and "our".

Questions of ______ concern what people consider good or bad, moral or immoral, just or unjust?

Value

which type of listening is not merely repeating the speaker's exact words, but rather putting together into some meaningful whole understanding of the speaker's total message?

active

Dory was so excited about the news, she jumped up and down, laughed, and waved her hands. Which type of movement was she using?

affect display

______ orientation refers to the tendency to view people, objects, and events in the way they are talked about and labeled?

an intensional

Mary Lind is a flashy dresser. She never leaves the house without wearing a colorful clothing and lots of jewelry. Using clothing and jewelry to communicate who you are is called ______ communication?

artifactual

the _____ self represents information about ourselves that others know but we do not?

blind

a speaker who argues that lack of sleep will result in a relationship problems and poor grades is reasoning from?

causes and effects

Communication concerned with the use of time is known as?

chronemics

Avoiding eye contact to respect another's privacy is known as?

civil inattention

Listening logically and dispassionately is which type of listening?

critical

in order to understand what a person means and feels, you should listen with?

empathy

what stage of listening consists of judging the messages in some way?

evaluating

Questions of ______ concern what is or is not true, what does or does not exist, what did or did not happen?

fact

when a speaker persuades listeners with _____ arguments, the listeners are more likely to remain persuaded over time and more likely to resist counterarguments that may come up in the future?

logical

A potential problem with the ______ speech is the risk of forgetting your speech?

memorized

we experience ______ when we let our thoughts take away from our ability to listen?

mental distractions

which of the following best describes schemata?

mental templates

the_____ self represents all the information, behaviors, attitudes, feelings, desires, motivations, ideas, and so on that we know about ourselves and that others also know?

open

Listening begins with ______ messages the speaker sends?

receiving

Gracie was uncomfortable when her friend praised her athletic skills, so she stressed that she really wasn't that good and it was a team effort. Gracie was demonstrating the principle of _______, which states that you should minimize your abilities and talents in conversation?

self-denigration

when Diana caught a mouse in a trap, she called her neighbor to come throw it away. She told him she was a real wimp when it come to mice and just couldn't bring herself to touch dead animals. what strategy was Diana using to get her neighbor to come her aid?

self-deprecating

Raphael was convinced he was going to do badly on his test, so he didn't bother to study, he failed the test, Raphael demonstrated the concept of?

self-fulfilling prophecy

reasoning from _____ involves examining several cases and then concluding something about the whole?

specific instances

While on the phone, your friend tries to get your attention. Instead of telling your friend to "wait a minute," you hold up your index finger in his or her direction. In this instance, you use a nonverbal cue to ______ the verbal cue?

substitute for

According to Deborah Tannen, when communicating, men tend to?

use a confrontational posture while listening

all of the following are guidelines for making your language vivid except?

use passive verbs