COMM 1500: CH 8 REVIEW

intimacy

A feeling of closeness and "union" that exists between us and our relationship partners.

proxemics

A nonverbal code for communication through physical distance.

kinesics

A nonverbal code that represents messages communicated in visible body movements, such as facial expressions, body postures, gestures, and eye contact.

haptics

A nonverbal code that represents messages conveyed through touch.

environment

A nonverbal code that represents the physical features of our surroundings.

physical appearance

A nonverbal code that represents visual attributes such as body type, clothing, hair, and other physical features.

aggressive-hostile touch

A touch designed to hurt and humiliate others, involving forms of physical violence like grabbing, slapping, and hitting.

love-intimacy touch

A touch indicating deep emotional feeling, such as two romantic partners holding hands or two close friends embracing.

functional-professional touch

A touch used to accomplish a task, such as a physical therapist positioning a client's arm or a dancer gripping his partner's waist for a lift.

friendship-warmth touch

A touch used to express liking for another person, such as an arm across another's shoulders, a victory slap between teammates, or playful jostling between friends.

social-polite touch

A touch, such as a handshake, used to demonstrate social norms or culturally expected behaviors.

sexual-arousal touch

An intentional touch designed to physically stimulate another person.

immediacy

As expressed in your posture, the degree to which you find someone interesting and attractive.

Which of the following is NOT one of the four characteristics of gender and nonverbal communication? A. Women are better than men at both sending and receiving nonverbal messages. B. Men show greater facial expressiveness than women. C. Women gaze more at others during interpersonal interaction. D. Men are more territorial than women. E. None of the options are correct.

B. Men show greater facial expressiveness than women.

Nonverbal messages are expressed via all of the following channels EXCEPT A. auditory. B. written text. C. visual. D. tactile. E. All of the options are correct.

B. written text.

Which of the following statements about nonverbal communication is incorrect? A. It conveys more meaning than verbal communication. B. Its intended meaning is often ambiguous. C. It is governed by formal rules of behavior. D. It is significantly influenced by a person's culture. E. It is influenced by a person's gender.

C. It is governed by formal rules of behavior.

Which of the following is NOT correct about the use of vocalics to express emotion? A. A person who is expressing sadness generally uses a lower vocal pitch. B. Higher pitch is associated with surprise or fear. C. The words a person speaks are equally important to vocal pitch used. D. An angry person is likely to use a louder vocal pitch. E. Emotion influences a person's pitch, tone, and speech rate.

C. The words a person speaks are equally important to vocal pitch used.

nonverbal communication codes

Different ways to transmit information nonverbally: artifacts, chronemics, environment, haptics, kinesics, physical appearance, proxemics, and vocalics.

emblems

Gestures that symbolize a specific verbal meaning within a given culture, such as the "thumbs up" or the "V for victory" sign.

illustrators

Gestures used to accent or illustrate a verbal message. For example, a fisherman holds his hands apart to show the size of his catch, or someone points emphatically at a door while saying, "Leave!"

regulators

Gestures used to control the exchange of conversational turns during interpersonal encounters—for example, averting eyes to avoid someone, or zipping up book bags as a class to signal to a professor that the lecture should end.

affect displays

Intentional or unintentional nonverbal behaviors that reveal actual or feigned emotions, such as a frown, a choked sob, or a smile intended to disguise fear.

During their interaction, both Pat and Sam make frequent eye contact, stand about three feet apart, and smile often. Which of the following is most likely true about Pat and Sam?

Pat and Sam are both women

power

The ability to influence or control events and people.

nonverbal communication

The intentional or unintentional transmission of meaning through an individual's nonspoken physical and behavioral cues.

dominance

The interpersonal behaviors we use to exert power or influence over others. Dominance may occur through nonverbal behavior, as in crowding threateningly into a person's intimate zone, staring someone down, or keeping another person waiting.

intimate space

The narrowest proxemic zone—0 to 18 inches of space—between communicators.

personal space

The proxemic zone that ranges from 18 inches to 4 feet of space between communicators. It is the spatial separation most often used in the United States for friendly conversation.

social space

The proxemic zone that ranges from 4 to 12 feet of space between communicators. It is the spatial separation most often used in the United States in the workplace and for conversations between acquaintances and strangers.

territoriality

The tendency to claim personal spaces as our own and define certain locations as areas we don't want others to invade without permission, such as spreading out personal items to claim the entire library table.

public space

The widest proxemic zone. It ranges outward from 12 feet and is most appropriate for formal settings.

submissiveness

The willingness to allow others to exert power over you, demonstrated by such gestures as a shrinking posture or lowered eye gaze.

artifacts

Things we possess that influence how we see ourselves and that we use to express our identity to others. Jewelry, for instance, can indicate economic means, marital status, religious affiliation, style preferences, and taste.

adaptors

Touching gestures, often unconsciously made, that serve a physical or psychological purpose. For example, twirling hair while reading, jingling pocket change, and fingering jewelry may be gestures that provide comfort, signal anxiety, or are simply unconscious habits.

mixed messages

Verbal and nonverbal behaviors that convey contradictory meanings, such as saying "I'm so happy for you" in a sarcastic tone of voice.

vocalics

Vocal characteristics we use to communicate nonverbal messages, such as volume, pitch, rate, voice quality, vocalized sounds, and silence. For instance, a pause might signal discomfort, create tension, or be used to heighten drama.

Wiping sweat off your forehead is an example of which of the following types of gestures?

adaptor

Which of the following gestures represents a specific verbal meaning?

emblem

During first encounters, verbal communication has more impact than nonverbal communication.

false

Haptics is the most powerful form of nonverbal communication.

false

People are more likely to believe verbal messages than nonverbal ones.

false

People who speak quickly are less effective communicators than those who speak at a moderate speed or slowly, even when they enunciate clearly.

false

Semifixed features of environments are stable and unchanging elements, such as walls, ceilings, and floors.

false

The meaning of eye contact is consistent across cultures.

false

The only way we use nonverbal communication to express intimacy is through touch.

false

What is the range for social space?

four to twelve feet

Which type of touch is performed to accomplish a task?

functional-professional

Tammy tells her friend, "I'm having a great time," while yawning and staring off into space. Which of the following best describes Tammy's behavior?

mixed message

When Tim tried to interrupt his mother's conversation, she held up her index finger. This gesture is an example of which of the following?

regulator

When someone nods their head up and down and says "yes" at the same time, what function of nonverbal communication does the nodding accomplish?

reiterating

Which of the following behaviors might communicate submissiveness within the context of an interpersonal encounter?

smiling frequently

Which of the following vocal characteristics is defined as a combination of richness and breathiness?

tone

A person who stands too close, touches, and points at another person during an interpersonal encounter may be displaying dominance.

true

An individual's notion of personal space may vary across cultures.

true

Communicating through friendship-warmth touch is more common in Hispanic cultures than European cultures.

true

During conversations, we read others' nonverbal communication to gauge their interest levels.

true

Individuals who possess strong nonverbal skills are more satisfied in their relationships.

true

Nonverbal communication helps people present different aspects of their self to others.

true

Posture can communicate both immediacy and power.

true

Women tend to be more accurate than men in their interpretations of others' nonverbal expressions.

true