Communicable diseases
d
After teaching the parents of a child with varicella zoster, the nurse determines that the parents have understood the teaching when they state that their child can return to school at which time? a. After day 5 of the rash b. When the rash is completely healed c. Once the rash appears d. After the lesions have crusted
a
An 11-year-old girl arrives at the doctor's office with fever, a sore throat, chills, and malaise. A throat culture indicates scarlet fever. Which other symptom should the nurse notice in this client that clearly indicates scarlet fever? a. The tongue has a white or red "strawberry" appearance b. There is pain along the jawline just in front of the ear lobe c. Vesicles that become purulent, ooze, and form honey-colored crusts d. Fever blisters on the lips
a
A 6-year-old child is brought to the clinic by his parents. The parents state, "He had a sore throat for a couple of days and now his temperature is over 102°F (38.9°C). He has this rash on his face and chest that looks like sunburn but feels really rough." What would the nurse suspect? a. Scarlet fever b. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CAMRSA) c. Diphtheria d. Pertussis
b
A child in the clinic has a fever and reports a sore neck. Upon assessment the nurse finds a swollen parotid gland. The nurse suspects which infectious disease? a. Measles b. Mumps c. Whooping cough d. Scabies
a
A child is brought to the clinic with fever, cough, and coryza. The nurse inspects the child's mouth and observes what look like tiny grains of white sand with red rings. How would the nurse document these findings? a. Koplik spots b. Lymphadenopathy c. Slapped cheek appearance d. Nits
c
A group of grade-school children is going camping. As a school nurse, you would offer them which advice to prevent Lyme disease? a. "Don't drink water from mountain streams while hiking." b. "Don't approach strange animals outside the campsite." c. "Wear jeans tucked inside your socks when in the woods." d. "Don't touch any bush without knowing what kind it is."
a, e
A nurse is preparing a presentation for parents about common childhood infectious diseases. What conditions would the nurse include as being caused by a tick bite? Select all that apply. a. Lyme disease b. Psittacosis c. Ascariasis d. Scabies e. Rocky Mountain spotted fever
b
A nurse is teaching a class to new parents on how to prevent the spread of infection in their children. What is the best suggestion the nurse could offer to these parents? a. Keep children at home most of the time. b. Encourage frequent hand hygiene. c. Keep children away from other children younger than their children. d. Dress children in long sleeves and pants as often as possible.
c
A nursing instructor is teaching students about normal childhood infectious diseases. Which disease does the teacher tell students is transferred by the varicella-zoster virus? a. Rubella b. Measles c. Chickenpox d. Mumps
d
A nursing instructor is teaching students about the chain of infection. What does the instructor tell students is responsible for allowing the pathogen to enter? a. Reservoir b. Portal of exit c. Means of transmission d. Portal of entry
b
A young client arrives at the clinic with a rash on the trunk and flexor surfaces of the extremities. The mother informs the nurse that the rash started a day before on the exterior surfaces of the extremities; 2 days before, the child had a really bad rash on the face. The physician diagnoses the child with erythema infectiosum. The nurse tells the mother that this is also known as: a. enterovirus. b. fifth disease. c. rosacea. d. pityriasis rosea.
a
Nursing students are learning about the infectious process. They correctly identify the first stage of an infectious disease to be the: a. Incubation period b. Prodromal period c. Illness period d. Convalescent period
b
The appearance of which hallmark clinical manifestation occurs in measles? a. Conjunctivitis b. Koplik spots c. Fever d. Cough
b
The father of a child with mononucleosis is concerned with his child's fever and cough. The father asks when antibiotic therapy will begin. What is the best response by the nurse? a. "We have to get all of the lab results back before the antibiotic can be started." b. "Mononucleosis is a viral infection so an antibiotic isn't used. We address the symptoms with appropriate therapy." c. "It is common treatment to let the infection run its course and let the immune system take care of it." d. "There aren't a lot of antibiotics that work for pertussis. We will just treat your son with medications to treat his fever and cough."
d
The mother of a an 8-year-old boy with mumps tells the nurse that she does not understand how her son could have gotten mumps since he was immunized according to her physician's recommendations. What is the best response by the nurse? a. "I am sure it must be frustrating. Where did you have the immunizations performed?" b. "I am wondering if your physician followed the immunization schedule correctly?" c. "Are you sure your child received an immunization for mumps?" d. "While immunizations are highly effective they aren't 100% effective at preventing infectious diseases."
a
The nurse is administering a chicken pox vaccination to a 12-month-old girl. Which concern is unique to varicella? a. This disease can reactivate years later and cause shingles. b. Vitamin A is indicated for children younger than 2 years. c. Dehydration is caused by mouth lesions. d. Children with this disease need to avoid pregnant women.
c
The nurse is developing a teaching plan for the mother of a 4-year-old girl with cold and fever. What would the nurse include in this teaching plan? a. Keeping the child covered and warm b. Calling the doctor if the child's fever lasts more than 36 hours c. Ensuring fluid intake to prevent dehydration d. Observing for changes in alertness resulting from brain damage
a
The nurse is performing a physical examination for a 7-year-old girl who was bitten by a tick. What would alert the nurse to the possibility of early localized Lyme disease? a. Bull's-eye rash around the bite b. Multiple erythema migrans on the skin c. Cranial nerve palsies d. Recurrent arthritis in the large joints
c
The nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen to a 4-year-old girl to provide comfort to the child. Which precaution is specific to antipyretics? a. Check for medicine allergies b. Take entire course of medication c. Ensure proper dose and interval d. Warn of possible drowsiness
a
The parents of a 5-year-old have just found out that their child has head lice. Which statement by the parents would support the nursing diagnosis of deficient knowledge? a. "I can't believe it. We're not unclean, poor people." b. "We'll have to get that special shampoo." c. "Everybody in the house will need to be checked." d. "That explains his complaints of itching on his neck."
c
The parents state they are afraid to have their child vaccinated and ask the nurse for more information. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? a. "State-required vaccinations are needed for your child to attend school." b. "There are no side effects from vaccinations that you need to worry about." c. "Vaccinations are very effective at preventing serious disease and infection." d. "Your child will probably not acquire the disease because other children are vaccinated."
a
The pediatric nurse knows that there are a number of anatomic and physiologic differences between children and adults. Which statement about the immune systems of infants and young children is true? a. Children have an immature immune response. b. Cellular immunity is not functional in children. c. Children have an increased inflammatory response. d. Passive immunity overlaps immunizations.
7.5
The physician has ordered ibuprofen 150 mg every 6 hours as needed for a 3-year-old child for a fever greater than 38 Celsius. The label of the ibuprofen bottle reads "ibuprofen oral suspension 100 mg/5 mL." How much ibuprofen liquid will the nurse administer if the child's temperature goes above 38 C? Record your answer using one decimal place. ________ mL
a
What condition begins as an upper respiratory illness and progresses to a persistent cough characterized by an inspiratory whoop? a. Pertussis b. TB c. Sepsis d. HIV
c
What is a true statement regarding measles? a. It is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. b. It is not contagious. c. The incubation period is 10 to 12 days. d. Peak outbreaks are in the summer.
d
Which child needs to be seen immediately in the physician's office? a. 2-month-old with a slight fever and irritability after getting immunizations the previous day b. 4-month-old with a cough, elevated temperature and wetting eight diapers every 24 hours c. 8-month-old who is restless, irritable, and afebrile d. 10-month-old with a fever and petechiae who is grunting