Communication Arts 100: Midterm

What are the *6 Methods of Controlling Nervousness*?

1) Acquire Speaking Experience 2) Prepare, Prepare, Prepare 3) Think Positively 4) Use the Power of Visualization 5) Know that Most Nervousness is Not Visible 6) Don't Expect Perfection

What are the *3 Key Criteria for evaluating the quality of materials on the World Wide Web*?

1) Authorship 2) Sponsorship 3) Regency

What are the *3 Basic Guidelines* for *Ethical Listening*?

1) Be Courteous and Attentive 2) Avoid Pre-judging the Speaker 3) Maintain the Free and Open Expression of Ideas

What are the *5 Major Methods* of *organizing Main Points* in a speech?

1) Chronological Order 2) Spatial Order 3) Causal Order 4) Problem-Solution Order 5) Topical Order

What are the *7 Guidelines* for *Effective Use of Visual Aids* in a speech?

1) Display Visual Aids where Listeners can see them 2) Avoid Passing Visual Aids among the Audience 3) Display Visual Aids only while discussing them 4) Explain Visual Aids Clearly and Concisely 5) Talk to your Audience, not to your Visual Aid 6) Practice with your Visual Aids 7) Check the Room and Equipment

What are the *6 guidelines* for *Informative Speaking*?

1) Don't Overestimate what the Audience Knows 2) Relate the Subject Directly to the Audience 3) Don't be Too Technical 4) Avoid Abstractions 5) Personalize your Ideas 6) Be Creative

What are the *4 objectives of a Speech Introduction*?

1) Get the Attention and Interest of your Audience 2) Reveal the Topic of your Speech 3) Establish your Credibility and Goodwill 4) Preview the Body of the Speech

What are the *3 types of Plagiarism*?

1) Global 2) Patchwork 3) Incremental

What is the *Five-Step Method* for effectively *Practicing Delivery*?

1) Go through your preparation outline aloud 2) Prepare your speaking outline 3) Practice the speech aloud several times using only the speaking outline 4) Begin to polish and refine your delivery 5) Give your speech a dress rehearsal under conditions similar to those you'll face in class

What is the difference between *Hearing* and *Listening*?

1) Hearing is a physiological process 2) Listening involves paying close attention to, and making sense of, what we hear

What are *2* reasons for why speakers need to avoid *Ethnocentrism*?

1) It can lead to prejudice and hostility towards toward different racial, ethnic, religious, or cultural groups 2) It can upset or confuse people who are excluded from whatever group is being promoted

What are the *5 important resources for finding what you need in the Library*?

1) Librarians 2) The Catalogue 3) Reference Works 4) Newspaper and Periodical Databases 5) Academic Databases

What are 4 reasons for why it is important for speeches to be *organized clearly and coherently*?

1) Listeners demand coherence, so speaker's need to be sure listeners can follow the progression of ideas in a speech from beginning to end 2) It is closely related to critical thinking 3) It can boost your confidence as a speaker 4) It can improve your ability to deliver a message fluently

What are the *5 guidelines* for *Ethical Speechmaking*?

1) Make Sure your Goals are Ethically Sound 2) Be Fully Prepared for Each Speech 3) Be Honest in what You Say 4) Avoid Name-Calling and other Forms of Abusive Language 5) Put Ethical Principles into Practice

What are the *4 Major Causes of Poor Listening*?

1) Not Concentrating 2) Listening Too Hard 3) Jumping to Conclusions 4) Focusing on Delivery and Personal Appearance

What are the *7 kinds of Visual Aids* available for use in speeches?

1) Objects & Models 2) Photographs & Drawings 3) Graphs 4) Charts 5) Video 6) The Speaker 7) Powerpoint

What are the *4 Major Similarities* between *public speaking* and *everyday conversation*?

1) Organizing your Thoughts Logically 2) Tailoring your Message to your Audience 3) Telling a Story for Maximum Impact 4) Adapting to Listener Feedback

What are the *3 Major Advantages* of using *Visual Aids* in a speech?

1) People find a speaker's message more interesting 2) People grasp the speaker's message more easily 3) People retain the speaker's message longer

What are the *4 most Important aspects of Nonverbal Communication* for the speaker?

1) Personal Appearance 2) Movement 3) Gestures 4) Eye Contact

What are the *3 Major Difference* between *public speaking* and *everyday conversation*?

1) Public Speaking is more Highly Structured 2) Public Speaking requires more Formal Language 3) Public Speaking requires a different Method of Delivery

What are the *4 Methods* of *delivering a speech*?

1) Reading from a Manuscript 2) Reciting from Memory 3) Speaking Impromptu 4) Speaking Extemporaneously

What are *7 Methods* that can be used to *Gain Attention* in an *Introduction*?

1) Relate the Topic to the Audience 2) State the Importance of your Topic 3) Startle the Audience 4) Arouse the Curiosity of the Audience 5) Question the Audience 6) Begin with a Quotation 7) Tell a Story

What are the *7 Basic Elements* of the *Speech Communication Process*?

1) Speaker 2) Message (intended/actual & verbal/non-verbal) 3) Channel 4) Listener 5) Feedback 6) Interference (internal/external) 7) Situation

What are the *4 types of Informative Speeches*?

1) Speeches about *Objects* 2) Speeches about *Processes* 3) Speeches about *Events* 4) Speeches about *Concepts*

What are the *8 Guidelines for the Preparation Outline*?

1) State the Specific Purpose of your Speech 2) Identify the Central Idea 3) Label the Introduction, Body, and Conclusion 4) Use a Consistent Pattern of Symbolization and Indentation 5) State Main Points and Subpoints in Full Sentences 6) Label Transitions, Internal Summaries, and Internal Previews 7) Attach a Bibliography 8) Give your Speech a Title

What are the *4 Methods* for *fulfilling the functions* of a *speech conclusion*?

1) Summarize your Speech 2) End with a Quotation 3) Make a Dramatic Statement 4) Refer to the Introduction

What are the *6 Ways* to *become Better Listeners*?

1) Take Listening Seriously 2) Be an Active Listener 3) Resist Distraction 4) Don't be Diverted by Appearance or Delivery 5) Focus your Listening 6) Develop Note-Taking Skills

What are the *2 Major Functions* of a *Speech Conclusion*?

1) To Let the Audience Know you are Ending the Speech 2) To Reinforce the Audience's Understanding of, or Commitment to, the Central Idea

What *2 categories* does the *General Purpose* fall into?

1) To inform 2) To persuade

What are the *4 kinds of Speech Connectives*?

1) Transitions 2) Internal Previews 3) Internal Summaries 4) Signposts

What are the *8 aspects of Voice Usage* that are crucial to public speaking?

1) Volume 2) Pitch 3) Rate 4) Pauses 5) Vocal Variety 6) Pronunciation 7) Articulation 8) Dialect

What is a *Speaking Outline*?

A brief outline used to jog a speaker's memory during the presentation of a speech

What is a *Preparation Outline*?

A detailed outline developed during the process of speech preparation

What is the *Central Idea*?

A one-sentence statement that sums up the major ideas of a speech

What is the *Specific Purpose*?

A single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in his or her speech

What's the *difference* between a *Preparation Outline* and a *Speaking Outline*?

A speaking outline is a more condensed version of a preparation outline

What is *Incremental Plagiarism*?

Failing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people

Why is *good listening important to effective speechmaking*?

If you do not listen well, you will not understand what you hear and may pass along your misunderstanding to others

Why is *Good Delivery* important for successful speaking?

It conveys the speaker's ideas clearly, interestingly, and without distracting the audience. Also, most audiences prefer delivery that combines a certain degree of formality with the best attributes of good conversation

What is *Global Plagiarism*?

Stealing a speech entirely from a single source and passing it off as one's own

What is *Patchwork Plagiarism*?

Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own

What are the *4 guidelines* for *effective central ideas*?

The *Central Idea*: 1) should be expressed in a full sentence 2) should not be in the form of a question 3) should avoid figurative language 4) should not be vague or overly general

What is *Ethnocentrism*?

The belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures

What is the *General Purpose*?

The broad goal of a speech

Why is *Nonverbal Communication* important to the speaker?

The impact of a speaker's words is powerfully impacted by his or her nonverbal communication

What is *Hearing*?

The vibration of sound waves on the eardrums and the firing of electrochemical impulses in the brain

Why is a strong sense of *Ethical Responsibility* vital for public speakers?

Without Ethical Responsibility, there could be the potential for disastrous results.