Compend- Cremation (2)

Any air, controlled with respect to quantity and location, forced or induced, supplied through or adjacent to the fuel bed in a crematory retort.

Primary air

Visual inspection of the equipment and stack should be inspected _____________________ and __________________ when not in use.

Prior to every use - no less than every 30 days

To pound, crush, smash or hammer into a powder or dust like consistence?

Pulverize

The term for the special brick that is used to line the firebox or primary chamber of the crematory retort.

Refractory brick

Human remains that are not embalmed shall be held by the crematory in a ________________ holding facility.

Refrigerated

The crematory operator should ______________ any items for cremation that contain chlorinated plastics.

Refuse

Chlorinated plastic containers should be _______________.

Refused

Zinc ornaments, handles and trim should be ____________ before loading into retort.

Removed

In most States with cremation laws, the __________________ is responsible for the crematory complying with the laws, rules and regulations of that state.

Responsible cremationist

Any cremated or processes remains that do not fit in the temporary container or urn shall be _______________________________________________.

Returned in a separate container

If the operator encounters unforeseen emission problems, he or she should ____________________________.

Shut the machine down

In areas with strict pollution control regulations, cremation is not allowed at night because ____________________________________________.

Smoke cannot be detected against a night sky

Historians generally agree that the idea of cremation most likely had its roots in the early ___________________.

Sone age

A receptacle for cremated remains usually made of cardboard, plastic or similar materials designed to hold the cremated cremains until an urn or other permanent container is acquired or other disposition is made?

Temporary container

The retention time is ___________________________________________________________.

The amount of time the products of combustion should be held in the retort

Visible emissions (opacity) is rated on a scale from _________________.

0% to 100%

Most products of combustion (smoke and odor) given off during the cremation process will be destroyed if subjected to temperatures between _______________ and _______________ for a period of0.5 seconds to 1 second, if the stream is subjected to proper mixing (turbulence).

1,400 *F - 1,800*F

Match the following "Don't say" words with their proper "Do say" terms!!! 1- Ashes 2- Engrave 3- Headstone a- Inscribe b- Marker c- Cremated remains

1-c, 2-a, 3-b

In most States, regardless of the age of the equipment, there is a ______ second retention time requirement.

1/2

The minimum temperature at which a human crematory should operate for maximum efficiency is _______________________.

1400 degrees F

The first recorded pre-planned cremation in the US took place in Charleston, South Carolina in ___________.

1783

The maximum temperature at which a human crematory should be operated for efficient use is _____________________.

1800 degrees F

Many adherents to the Roman Catholic faith are not aware of the Vatican's acceptance of cremation in __________.

1963

In many States, the permit states that the opacity shall not exceed ____% except for ____ seconds in any _______ minute period.

20; 30; 60

If the authorizing agent agrees to take possession of the cremated remains and does not take possession within ____________ days after cremation or on an agreed date, the crematory shall send written notice to the last known address and the authorizing agent to take possession of the remains.

30

Human remains are made up of _____% moisture, _______% combustible solids, and _____% non-combustible solids and are classified as Type _____ waste.

85; 10; 5; 4

Cremation containers or caskets are made up of ____% combustible solids, ___% moisture, and ___% non-combustible solids and are classified as Type ___ waste.

85;10;5;0

If the family has not claimed the cremated remains within _________ days after final notice has been give, the funeral director may dispose of them in any legal manner.

90

______________________ is/are recommended to assist in loading casketed or containerized human remains into the cremation unit.

A 21/2 inch diameter cardboard roller

Of those listed below, which one should be responsible for the visual identity (ID viewing) of the deceased? A. Authorizing agent B. Responsible funeral director C. Removal personnel D. Responsible cremationist

A. (Authorizing agent)

Which of the following is used to refer to cremated human remains after they are pulverized and cleaned, leaving primarily small bone fragments as small particles of sand or smaller: A. Processed cremated human remains B. Fly ash C. Ashes D. Crushed bones fragments

A. (Processed cremated human remains)

Term used when cremated remains are cast from a private plane?

Aerial scattering

That portion of the atmosphere supplied to the cremation chamber for combustion, cooling and ventilation.

Air

An unfinished wood box or other non-metal receptacle or enclosure, without ornamentation or a fixed interior lining, which is designed for the encasement of human remains generally for the purpose of cremation?

Alternative container

The person or persons with the paramount right to authorize the cremation of a deceased human?

Authorizing agent

Of those listed below, which are the most easily discernible by a crematory operator with regard to determining the sequence of cases for that day? A. The bone structure and hair color of the deceased B. Amount of body fat and container type C. Race and religion D. Container type and religion of the deceased

B. (Amount of body fat and container type)

Any refractory construction intended to change direction of flow or velocity of the products of combustion.

Baffle

Any refractory device construction in manner intended to change the direction of slow or velocity of products of combustion?

Baffle

A source that might bring radiation near embalmers or crematory operators. Sometimes called "seed implantation"

Brachytherapy

The quantity of heat required to rise one pound of water one degree F while water is in the liquid state

British Thermal Unit (BTU)

In terms used by those that operate human crematory retorts, the number of pounds that the retort will cremate per hour is referred to as the ___________________.

Burn rate

A device for the introduction of flame by the delivery or combining of a fuel and air mixture in the presence of heat? Sometimes referred to as primary, secondary or after!

Burner

In cremation, the _______________ supplies heat to raise the temperature of the cremation chamber to th point where combustion of the human remains and container is possible.

Burner

Combustion aka _________________.

Burning

The amount of waste incinerated per unit, usually expressed in pounds per hour?

Burning rate

A sequence of exothermic chemical reactions between a fuel and an oxidant accompanied by the production of heat and conversion of chemical species? A. Combustion B. Burning C. Both a and b D. None of these

C. (Both a and b)

The area in the design of the retort connecting the main incinerating chamber to the stack or chimney? A. Breech B. Flue C. Both a and b D. None of these

C. (Both a and b)

The optimum temperature for hum crematory operation is: A. 1600 degrees F B. Between 1400 and 1800 degrees F C. Both a and b D. None of these

C. (Both a and b)

The reduction of identifiable bone fragments after the completion of the cremation by manual or mechanical means and reducing to granulated particles or dust? A. Processing B. Pulverization C. Both a and b D. None of these

C. (Both a and b)

The release of cremated human remains into the wind? A. Casting B. Scattering C. Both a and b D. None of these

C. (Both a and b)

Turbulence in the exhaust flow are caused by the presence of physical obstacles such as: A. Curtain walls B. Drop arches C. Both a and b D. None of these

C. (Both a and b)

Which of the following metals is notorious for producing thick white smoke which will set off the solution controls during the cremation process? A. Copper B. Steel C. Zinc D. Iron

C. (Zinc)

In the ideal cremation process, the only compounds exiting the stack are ___________ & ____________.

CO2 & H2O

The amount of waste incinerated, usually expressed in pounds per hour, with the characteristics or type of waster stipulated.

Capacity

A structure, room or space in a mausoleum or other building containing niches or recesses used to hold cremated remains?

Columbarium

Disposing of cremated remains in a manner or location that combines the cremated remains with the cremated remains of another individual?

Commingling

A container used to hold the deceased which is constructed out of a type of cardboard, which is made with a series of alternate folds and ridges?

Corrugated container

All remains of the cremated human body recovered after the completion of the cremation process, including pulverization?

Cremated remains

A heating process that reduces human remains to bone fragments by combustion and evaporation in the presences of an open flame.

Cremation

An environmentally safe casket which is designed for encasing the dead human remains for the purpose of cremation?

Cremation casket

A vertical passage for conduction products of combustion to the atmosphere: A. Stack B. Chimney C. Flue D. All of these are correct

D. (All of these are correct)

Cremation is the process of reducing human remains to its basic elements in the form of bone fragments through the use of: A. Flame B. Heat C. Vaporization D. All of these are needed

D. (All of these are needed)

In those States with up-to-date laws on cremation, which of the following is strictly forbidden: A. The cremation of more than one body at the same time in the same chamber without written permission B. The cremation of animal remains in the same retort that is used for cremation of humans C. The incineration of waste paper and other trash in the same retort as that used for human cremation D. All of these

D. (All of these)

Of those listed below, which are regarded as a threat to the integrity of the cremation equipment as well as a threat to the safety and well-being of the crematory operator. A. Alcoholic beverages B. Polyester leisure suits C. Artificial flowers D. Pacemakers

D. (Pacemakers)

Disposition of human remains by cremation, without formal viewing, visitation or funeral ceremony with he body present?

Direct cremation

Any vertical refractory wall supported by arch construction which serves to deflect gasses in a downward direction (sometimes referred to as a curtain wall)?

Drop arch

The attention reasonable expected from and ordinarily exercised by, a person who seeks to satisfy a legal requirement or to discharge an obligation?

Due diligence

The agency of the United States government responsible for the protection of air an environmental quality is referred to by the acronym ____________.

EPA

The crematory operator should cremate the containers with the most combustible furnishes __________.

First

Cremate the largest (most obese) remains _______________________.

First of the day

Suspended ash particles, charred paper, dust, soot or other partially incinerated matter, carried in the products of combustion (often referred to as particulate matter, or particulates).

Fly ash

A solid surface upon which material with high moisture content, or liquids or waste material for burning or drying are placed.

Hearth

The three elements required for combustion to take place.

Heat, fuel and oxygen

A designated are for the retention of human remains while awaiting the cremation processes.

Holding facility

Carbon monoxide is the result of _____________________________.

Incomplete combustion

Carbon monoxide release from the crematory retort is an indication of _________________________.

Incomplete combustion

The act of placing cremated human remains in an urn?

Inurnment

Once it has been started, the cremation process is _________________.

Irreversible

With the exception of _____________ and ______________________, most major religions readily accept cremation.

Islam-Orthodox Judaism

During the performance of any maintenance on the retort, OSHA __________________ procedures should be strictly followed to the letter or the rule.

LOTO (lock-out, tag-out)

A crematory shall not accept a casket or cremation container from which there is evidence of __________________.

Leakage

Due diligence when using an off-site (third party) crematory requires that the crematory agrees to allow ________________________________________________________.

Licensed personnel from the funeral home to make unannounced visits

The modern day mausoleum is named in memory of _________________ who died in 325 BC and the monument built as his memorial at Halicarnassus was included among the seven wonders of the ancient world.

Mausolus

Human remains awaiting cremation must ________________________________________________________________.

Never be stacked or placed on the floor

A chest, box, building, well or site made to see as the final resting place for human skeletal remains?

Ossuary

Hydrogen chloride is produced in the cremation process when ______________ containing chlorine are cremated.

Palstics

In those states that require them, the metal ID disc must follow the remains through the process (from receiving to shipping) and must be _________________________________________________________.

Placed in the retort on the right hand side near the charging door

A leak resistant zippered bag designed to contain a dead human body and body fluids and is used mainly for the removal of dead human remains from the place of death?

Pouch

In the language of Cremation, Retort capacity refers to _________________________.

Pounds per hour

Family representative(s) present for the initiation of the cremation process?

Witness

___________ can produce thick, white smoke that is difficult to control.

Zinc

Grate, hearth or combination thereof where the body is consumed by flames?

`Burning area

The three "T's" of proper pollution control are _______________, __________________, and _______________.

Time, temperature and turbulence

__________________ is the mixing of gases in the cremators exhaust flow.

Turbulence

No crematory shall accept ______________________________________________________.

Unidentified caskets or cremation containers

All employees of the crematory who handle dead human remains shall practice __________________________.

Universal precautions

A or an _____________ is a receptacle into which processed cremated remains are placed.

Urn

In the middle of the 17th century, Sir Thomas Browne wrote the earliest known essay in defense of __________________. It stressed the advantages of this form of burial.

Urn burial

To cremate bodies larger than 300lbs, the operator should ___________________________________________.

Use modified operating procedures

The ability of the operator to evaluate the materials to be cremated (casket, container and human remains is ___________________________________________________________.

The first step in controlling visible emissions