Compendium: Cemeteries, Cremation

Megalith

A "big rock." The most famous of these are not sepulchral but things or places like Stonehenge.

Ossuary

A "bone-pit"

Columbaria

A building specifically designed with niches for the disposition of cremated remains

Veterans cemetery

A cemetery created by an act of congress for burial of those that served in the military.

Potter's field

A cemetery for paupers

Memorial park

A cemetery which has adopted a park like stay and abolished the use of upright memorials.

Polyandrium

A cemetery, originally a cemetery for the victims of great battles.

Pyre

A ceremonial construction made of wood and fire, designed to reduce a deceased human body to ashes.

Memorial service

A ceremony commemoration for the deceased without the remains present.

Reliquary

A container for the preservation of relics of a saint.

Outer burial container

A container that is designed for placement in the grave space around the casket, including, but not limited to, containers commonly known as burial vaults, grave boxes, and grave liners.

Holding facility

A designated are for the retention of human remains while awaiting the cremation processes.

Lot

A grave, crypt or niche.

Plat or plot

A group of two or more adjoining graves, crypts or niches owned by the same lot holder.

Cremation

A heating process that reduces human remains to bone fragments by combustion and evaporation in the presences of an open flame.

Will

A legal document which allows its creator a limited afterlife during which it may choose to placate, amuse, gratify or anger the survivors. Generally used for the disposition of any earthly positions.

False

A mausoleum is a building primarily intended for cremated remains? True or false

Urn

A or an _____________ is a receptacle into which processed cremated remains are placed.

C. (Both a and b)

A pre-placed enclosed chamber, which is usually constructed of reinforced concrete, poured in place or precast unit installed in quantity, either side by side or multiple depth and covered by earth or sod: A. Lawn crypt B. Garden crypt C. Both a and b D. None of these

Epitaph

A short text honoring a deceased which is inscribed on their tombstone or plaque.

Hearth

A solid surface upon which material with high moisture content, or liquids or waste material for burning or drying are placed.

Niche

A space in a columbarium, mausoleum or other structure, used or intended to be used for the inurnment of cremated human remains.

Grave

A space of land in a cemetery used or intended to be used for the burial of human remains

Crypt

A space of sufficient size in a building or land area used or inherited to be used for the entombment of human remains

Footstone

A stone marker, with or without an inscription used to mark the foot of the grave.

Gravestone

A stone with an inscription used to mark the grave. May be as simple as the name and dates- John Doe 1927-1214(I think Dr. T means 1927-2014?)

Pyramid

A structure whose shape is geometric where the outer surfaces are triangular and converge to a single point at the top.

D. (All of these are correct)

A vertical passage for conduction products of combustion to the atmosphere: A. Stack B. Chimney C. Flue D. All of these are correct

False

All cemeteries must be incorporated? True or false

Cemetery

All property for earth burials.

Monument

An upright memorial, including what used to be called a tombstone, also includes large structures like obelisks, usually made of granite, marble or common stone.

Primary air

Any air, controlled with respect to quantity and location, forced or induced, supplied through or adjacent to the fuel bed in a crematory retort.

Dolmen

Any neolithic monument consisting of a large, flat stone supported by two or more rocks (like a table).

Baffle

Any refractory construction intended to change direction of flow or velocity of the products of combustion.

Drop arch

Any vertical refractory wall supported by arch construction which serves to deflect gasses in a downward direction (sometimes referred to as a curtain wall)?

False

At the death of a license be it funeral director, embalmer or cemetery sales person, the license is transferred to the spouse? True or false

Incomplete combustion

Carbon monoxide is the result of _____________________________.

85;10;5;0

Cremation containers or caskets are made up of ____% combustible solids, ___% moisture, and ___% non-combustible solids and are classified as Type ___ waste.

D. (All of these are needed)

Cremation is the process of reducing human remains to its basic elements in the form of bone fragments through the use of: A. Flame B. Heat C. Vaporization D. All of these are needed

Placophobia

Fear of tombstones

Sepulchre

From the Latin "sepulcrum" which meant only "a burial place?"

Potter's field

Generally state or county owned and operated for the burial of the indigent or unclaimed

Sone age

Historians generally agree that the idea of cremation most likely had its roots in the early ___________________.

C. (Both a and b are correct)

How large would a grave need to be to accommodate a standard burial vault? A. 3' X 8' B. 36" X 96" C. Both a and b are correct D. None of these are correct

Catacomb

Human made subterranean or hillside passageways for religious practice. Any chamber used as a burial place. Most commonly associated with the Roman Empire.

85; 10; 5; 4

Human remains are made up of _____% moisture, _______% combustible solids, and _____% non-combustible solids and are classified as Type _____ waste.

Palstics

Hydrogen chloride is produced in the cremation process when ______________ containing chlorine are cremated.

Erect a scaffolding

In a hillside cemetery, where the ground is on a steep slope where the grave is located, it may be necessary for the funeral director to ____________________ in order to keep the lowering device level over the grave.

Deceased

In cemetery language, "remains" and __________________ have the same meaning.

Burner

In cremation, the _______________ supplies heat to raise the temperature of the cremation chamber to th point where combustion of the human remains and container is possible.

Urn burial

In the middle of the 17th century, Sir Thomas Browne wrote the earliest known essay in defense of __________________. It stressed the advantages of this form of burial.

D. (All of these)

Interment is used as a generic term to embrace all forms of disposition of human remains to include: A. Burial B. Entombment C. Inurement D. All of these

Cenotaph

Literally "an empty tomb" A monument erected in honor for a deceased who is interred elsewhere

1963

Many adherents to the Roman Catholic faith are not aware of the Vatican's acceptance of cremation in __________.

1-c, 2-a, 3-b

Match the following "Don't say" words with their proper "Do say" terms!!! 1- Ashes 2- Engrave 3- Headstone a- Inscribe b- Marker c- Cremated remains

Vivisepulture

Meaning: Burial alive.

False

Most states with cemetery laws will not permit the cremated remains to be buried. True or false

Mausoleum

Named for the King of Caria, whose wife, Artemisia, built one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. A chamber or structure used or intended to be used, for entombment. A building that houses crypts for burial. A community form of this building is for many families and a private one is generally sold for the use for a single family.

B. (Amount of body fat and container type)

Of those listed below, which are the most easily discernible by a crematory operator with regard to determining the sequence of cases for that day? A. The bone structure and hair color of the deceased B. Amount of body fat and container type C. Race and religion D. Container type and religion of the deceased

D. (All of these)

Of those listed below, which are types of crypts? A. Mausoleum B. Garden C. Lawn D. All of these

Taphophile

One who loves cemeteries and funerals

Family

Private cemeteries located on private family owned farmsteads.

Cremated remains

Proper term for the remains of the human body that remain following the cremation

Country

Rural, outside cemeteries, many with homemade grave markers

Sloping ground or hillside

Some modern lowering devices are equipped with telescoping legs to accommodate ______________________________________.

Fly ash

Suspended ash particles, charred paper, dust, soot or other partially incinerated matter, carried in the products of combustion (often referred to as particulate matter, or particulates).

Burial Ground

Term often used by Native Americans to refer to their places of burial.

Tomb

The Greeks called the swollen ground or mound which marked gravesite a tumulus. Today, the word tomb is used chiefly to refer to those burial places which are above ground.

The first step in controlling visible emissions

The ability of the operator to evaluate the materials to be cremated (casket, container and human remains is ___________________________________________________________.

EPA

The agency of the United States government responsible for the protection of air an environmental quality is referred to by the acronym ____________.

Capacity

The amount of waste incinerated, usually expressed in pounds per hour, with the characteristics or type of waster stipulated.

Cemetery set-up

The artificial grass, chairs, tent and casket lowering devise are generally referred to as ____________________________.

Interment

The burial, entombment or inurement of human remains

Memorial

The device used to identify the place of interment and whose purpose is to commemorate a family or an individual and includes such terms as monument, marker, tombstone, tablet, shutter, headstone, footnote, or niche plate.

Cemetery management

The everyday care and operation of the cemetery

Elite Garden Cemetery

The first of this type was in Mt. Auburn, Mass, in 1830. During the Victorian era, cemeteries were used as parks for walks and picnics.

1783

The first recorded pre-planned cremation in the US took place in Charleston, South Carolina in ___________.

Headstone

The memorial stone marking the head of the grave.

Mausolus

The modern day mausoleum is named in memory of _________________ who died in 325 BC and the monument built as his memorial at Halicarnassus was included among the seven wonders of the ancient world.

Plot holder

The person or persons to whom the Cemetery Authority has conveyed a right of interment in a number of adjacent cemetery lots.

Lot Holder

The person or persons to whom the Cemetery Authority has conveyed a right of interment through original purchase, by transfer from original purchaser, or who hold such right by inheritance.

Memorial cenotaph

The physical identification of a space where one, several or a multitude of people died in a common occurrence. The deceased may or may not be interred at that place.

Wake

The practice of watching over the body by candlelight the night before the funeral.

British Thermal Unit (BTU)

The quantity of heat required to rise one pound of water one degree F while water is in the liquid state

The amount of time the products of combustion should be held in the retort

The retention time is ___________________________________________________________.

Right of Interment

The right to inter human remains in a designated lot as provided in the conveyance given to the original purchaser, or his designated successor(s).

Cemetery authority

The state, in its exercise of Police Power, would create one of these to regulate the creation of cemeteries by providing for their establishment and discontinuance as well as to monitor their use.

Refractory brick

The term for the special brick that is used to line the firebox or primary chamber of the crematory retort.

Heat, fuel and oxygen

The three elements required for combustion to take place.

Urban cemeteries

These are relatively small cemeteries with rows of headstones and no resemblance to a park. Usually in larger cities up until the 1950's.

Church yard

This type of cemetery originated in Europe where it was thought that the closer to the place of worship a person was the greater their chance of going to heaven

Sarcophagus

This word comes from the Greek meaning "flesh-eater." It has come to mean any large burial receptacle.

Obelisk

Though the name derived from the Greek, meaning "a small spit" they are Egyptian. These are the physical representation of rays from the sun streaming to the earth.

Inter

To bury or put a dead body into a grave

Vaults

Underground receptacles for caskets.

0% to 100%

Visible emissions (opacity) is rated on a scale from _________________.

1, 3, 4 and 5

Which of the following are types of cemeteries? 1- Church yard 2- Grocery markets 3- Family 4- Veterans 5- Memorial parks

A. (Processed cremated human remains)

Which of the following is used to refer to cremated human remains after they are pulverized and cleaned, leaving primarily small bone fragments as small particles of sand or smaller: A. Processed cremated human remains B. Fly ash C. Ashes D. Crushed bones fragments

All of these

Which of the following might fall under the jurisdiction or use of a cemetery: 1- Land dedicated, reserved or used for internment 2- Trees, shrubs and other vegetation grown on the property 3- Graves, mausoleums, crypts, columbaria, niches or other interment spaces 4- Memorial works of art 5- Roadways, walkways and ponds or lagoons (water features) 6- Equipment, vehicles and facilities incident to the operation there of

Islam-Orthodox Judaism

With the exception of _____________ and ______________________, most major religions readily accept cremation.