CompTIA Security+ SY0-501 Part 1 (316 Questions)
Which of the following are methods to implement HA in a web application server environment? (Choose two.)
-Load balancers -Application layer firewalls
A database backup schedule consists of weekly full backups performed on Saturday at 12:00 a.m. and daily differential backups also performed at 12:00 a.m. If the database is restored on Tuesday afternoon, which of the following is the number of individual backups that would need to be applied to complete the database recovery?
2
Two users need to send each other emails over unsecured channels. The system should support the principle of non-repudiation. Which of the following should be used to sign the user"™s certificates?
CA
Which of the following is the proper way to quantify the total monetary damage resulting from an exploited vulnerability?
Calculate the ALE
The SSID broadcast for a wireless router has been disabled but a network administrator notices that unauthorized users are accessing the wireless network. The administer has determined that attackers are still able to detect the presence of the wireless network despite the fact the SSID has been disabled. Which of the following would further obscure the presence of the wireless network?
Disable responses to a broadcast probe request
Given the log output: Max 15 00:15:23.431 CRT: #SEC_LOGIN-5-LOGIN_SUCCESS: Login Success [user: msmith] [Source: 10.0.12.45] [localport: 23] at 00:15:23:431 CET Sun Mar 15 2015 Which of the following should the network administrator do to protect data security?
Disable telnet and enable SSH
Which of the following are MOST susceptible to birthday attacks?
Hashed passwords
Technicians working with servers hosted at the company's datacenter are increasingly complaining of electric shocks when touching metal items which have been linked to hard drive failures. Which of the following should be implemented to correct this issue?
Increase humidity in the room
Which of the following cryptography algorithms will produce a fixed-length, irreversible output?
MD5
When generating a request for a new x.509 certificate for securing a website, which of the following is the MOST appropriate hashing algorithm?
SHA
Which of the following occurs when the security of a web application relies on JavaScript for input validation?
The integrity of the data is at risk.
A user clicked an email link that led to a website than infected the workstation with a virus. The virus encrypted all the network shares to which the user had access. The virus was not deleted or blocked by the company"™s email filter, website filter, or antivirus. Which of the following describes what occurred?
The virus was a zero-day attack.
A system administrator wants to provide balance between the security of a wireless network and usability. The administrator is concerned with wireless encryption compatibility of older devices used by some employees. Which of the following would provide strong security and backward compatibility when accessing the wireless network?
WPA using a preshared key
A security analyst is performing a quantitative risk analysis. The risk analysis should show the potential monetary loss each time a threat or event occurs. Given this requirement, which of the following concepts would assist the analyst in determining this value? (Choose two.)
-AV -EF
When considering a third-party cloud service provider, which of the following criteria would be the BEST to include in the security assessment process? (Choose two.)
-Adherence to regulatory compliance -Data retention policies
A company"™s user lockout policy is enabled after five unsuccessful login attempts. The help desk notices a user is repeatedly locked out over the course of a workweek. Upon contacting the user, the help desk discovers the user is on vacation and does not have network access. Which of the following types of attacks are MOST likely occurring? (Select two.)
-Brute force -Dictionary
Which of the following AES modes of operation provide authentication? (Choose two.)
-CCM -GCM
The security administrator has noticed cars parking just outside of the building fence line. Which of the following security measures can the administrator use to help protect the company's WiFi network against war driving? (Choose two.)
-Change antenna placement -Adjust power level controls
A security administrator suspects that data on a server has been exhilarated as a result of un- authorized remote access. Which of the following would assist the administrator in con-firming the suspicions? (Choose two.)
-DLP alerts -Log analysis
After a merger between two companies a security analyst has been asked to ensure that the organization's systems are secured against infiltration by any former employees that were terminated during the transition. Which of the following actions are MOST appropriate to harden applications against infiltration by former employees? (Choose two.)
-Develop and implement updated access control policies -Assess and eliminate inactive accounts
A security administrator is developing controls for creating audit trails and tracking if a PHI data breach is to occur. The administrator has been given the following requirements: All access must be correlated to a user account. -> All user accounts must be assigned to a single individual.-> User access to the PHI data must be recorded. -> Anomalies in PHI data access must be reported. -> Logs and records cannot be deleted or modified. Which of the following should the administrator implement to meet the above requirements? (Choose three.)
-Eliminate shared accounts. -Implement usage auditing and review. -Copy logs in real time to a secured WORM drive.
A security analyst is hardening a server with the directory services role installed. The analyst must ensure LDAP traffic cannot be monitored or sniffed and maintains compatibility with LDAP clients. Which of the following should the analyst implement to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
-Generate an X.509-compliant certificate that is signed by a trusted CA. -Ensure port 636 is open between the clients and the servers using the communication.
A systems administrator wants to protect data stored on mobile devices that are used to scan and record assets in a warehouse. The control must automatically destroy the secure container of mobile devices if they leave the warehouse. Which of the following should the administrator implement? (Choose two.)
-Geofencing -Containerization
A security analyst is hardening a web server, which should allow a secure certificate-based session using the organization"™s PKI infrastructure. The web server should also utilize the latest security techniques and standards. Given this set of requirements, which of the following techniques should the analyst implement toBEST meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
-Install an X- 509-compliant certificate. -Enable and configure TLS on the server.
A security administrator suspects a MITM attack aimed at impersonating the default gateway is underway. Which of the following tools should the administrator use to detect this attack? (Choose two.)
-Ipconfig -Tracert
While reviewing the security controls in place for a web-based application, a security controls assessor notices that there are no password strength requirements in place. Because of this vulnerability, passwords might be easily discovered using a brute force attack. Which of the following password requirements will MOST effectively improve the security posture of the application against these attacks? (Choose two.)
-Minimum complexity -Minimum length
A company is currently using the following configuration: -> IAS server with certificate-based EAP-PEAP and MSCHAP -> Unencrypted authentication via PAP A security administrator needs to configure a new wireless setup with the following configurations: -> PAP authentication method -> PEAP and EAP provide two-factor authentication Which of the following forms of authentication are being used? (Choose two.)
-PAP -MSCHAP
Despite having implemented password policies, users continue to set the same weak passwords and reuse old passwords. Which of the following technical controls would help prevent these policy violations? (Choose two.)
-Password complexity -Password history
Which of the following characteristics differentiate a rainbow table attack from a brute force attack? (Choose two.)
-Rainbow tables must include precomputed hashes. -Rainbow table attacks bypass maximum failed login restrictions.
A chief Financial Officer (CFO) has asked the Chief Information Officer (CISO) to provide responses to a recent audit report detailing deficiencies in the organization security controls. The CFO would like to know ways in which the organization can improve its authorization controls. Given the request by the CFO, which of the following controls should the CISO focus on in the report? (Choose three)
-Role-based permissions -Separation of duties -Lease privilege
Joe, an employee, wants to show his colleagues how much he knows about smartphones. Joe demonstrates a free movie application that he installed from a third party on his corporate smartphone. Joe"™s colleagues were unable to find the application in the app stores. Which of the following allowed Joe to install the application? (Choose two.)
-Rooting/jailbreaking -Sideloading
A security administrator wishes to implement a secure a method of file transfer when communicating with outside organizations. Which of the following protocols would BEST facilitate secure file transfers? (Choose two.)
-SCP -FTPS
Which of the following use the SSH protocol? (choose two)
-SCP -SFTP
A manager wants to distribute a report to several other managers within the company. Some of them reside in remote locations that are not connected to the domain but have a local server. Because there is sensitive data within the report and the size of the report is beyond the limit of the email attachment size, emailing the report is not an option. Which of the following protocols should be implemented to distribute the report securely? (Choose three.)
-SSH -FTPS -HTTPS
Which of the following technologies employ the use of SAML? (Choose two.)
-Single sign-on -Federation
A software developer wants to ensure that the application is verifying that a key is valid before establishing SSL connections with random remote hosts on the Internet. Which of the following should be used in the code? (Choose two.)
-Software code private key -OCSP
When performing data acquisition on a workstation, which of the following should be captured based on memory volatility? (Choose two.)
-Swap/pagefile -RAM
A company has three divisions, each with its own networks and services. The company decides to make its secure web portal accessible to all employees utilizing their existing usernames and passwords. The security administrator has elected to use SAML to support authentication. In this scenario, which of the following will occur when users try to authenticate to the portal? (Choose two.)
-The portal will request an authentication ticket from each network that is transitively trusted. -The back-end networks will function as an identity provider and issue an authentication assertion.
A security analyst is reviewing the following output from an IPS: Given this output, which of the following can be concluded? (Choose two.)
-The source IP of the attack is coming from 250.19.18.71. -The attacker sent a malformed IGAP packet, triggering the alert.
Which of the following are the MAIN reasons why a systems administrator would install security patches in a staging environment before the patches are applied to the production server? (Choose two.)
-To prevent server availability issues -To allow users to test functionality
Users report the following message appears when browsing to the company"™s secure site: This website cannot be trusted. Which of the following actions should a security analyst take to resolve these messages? (Choose two.)
-Verify the certificate has not expired on the server. -Update the root certificate into the client computer certificate store.
A security analyst is testing both Windows and Linux systems for unauthorized DNS zone transfers within a LAN on comptia.org from example.org. Which of the following commands should the security analyst use? (Choose two.) (PICTURE)
-nslookup comptia.org set type=any ls-d example.org - dig ""axfr comptia.org @example.org
A security administrator is creating a subnet on one of the corporate firewall interfaces to use as a DMZ which is expected to accommodate at most 14 physical hosts.Which of the following subnets would BEST meet the requirements?
192.168.0.16/28
A technician must configure a firewall to block external DNS traffic from entering a network. Which of the following ports should they block on the firewall?
53
A wireless network uses a RADIUS server that is connected to an authenticator, which in turn connects to a supplicant. Which of the following represents the authentication architecture in use?
802.1x
An organization"™s internal auditor discovers that large sums of money have recently been paid to a vendor that management does not recognize. The IT security department is asked to investigate the organizations the organization"™s ERP system to determine how the accounts payable module has been used to make these vendor payments. The IT security department finds the following security configuration for the accounts payable module: -> New Vendor Entry "" Required Role: Accounts Payable Clerk -> New Vendor Approval "" Required Role: Accounts Payable Clerk -> Vendor Payment Entry "" Required Role: Accounts Payable Clerk -> Vendor Payment Approval "" Required Role: Accounts Payable Manager Which of the following changes to the security configuration of the accounts payable module would BEST mitigate the risk?
A (Photo is on Number 40 in Source)
An employee uses RDP to connect back to the office network. If RDP is misconfigured, which of the following security exposures would this lead to?
A man in the middle attack could occur, resulting the employee's username and password being captured.
Which of the following differentiates a collision attack from a rainbow table attack?
A rainbow table attack performs a hash lookup
New magnetic locks were ordered for an entire building. In accordance with company policy, employee safety is the top priority. In case of a fire where electricity is cut, which of the following should be taken into consideration when installing the new locks?
A. Fail safe
Malicious traffic from an internal network has been detected on an unauthorized port on an application server.Which of the following network-based security controls should the engineer consider implementing?
ACLs
A security administrator has been asked to implement a VPN that will support remote access over IPSEC. Which of the following is an encryption algorithm that would meet this requirement?
AES
When connected to a secure WAP, which of the following encryption technologies is MOST likely to be configured when connecting to WPA2-PSK? Which of the following is the MOST likely reason the company added this data type?
AES
A Security Officer on a military base needs to encrypt several smart phones that will be going into the field. Which of the following encryption solutions should be deployed in this situation?
AES-256
Which of the following is the summary of loss for a given year?
ALE
During a routine audit, it is discovered that someone has been using a stale administrator account to log into a seldom used server. The person has been using the server to view inappropriate websites that are prohibited to end users. Which of the following could best prevent this from occurring again?
Account expiration policy
Joe notices there are several user accounts on the local network generating spam with embedded malicious code. Which of the following technical control should Joe put in place to BEST reduce these incidents?
Account lockout
Adhering to a layered security approach, a controlled access facility employs security guards who verify the authorization of all personnel entering the facility. Which of the following terms BEST describes the security control being employed?
Administrative
When configuring settings in a mandatory access control environment, which of the following specifies the subjects that can access specific data objects?
Administrator
A development team has adopted a new approach to projects in which feedback is iterative and multiple iterations of deployments are provided within an application"™s full life cycle. Which of the following software development methodologies is the development team using?
Agile
A company is developing a new secure technology and requires computers being used for development to be isolated. Which of the following should be implemented to provide the MOST secure environment?
An air gapped computer network
A systems administrator is reviewing the following information from a compromised server: (PICTURE) Given the above information, which of the following processes was MOST likely exploited via a remote buffer overflow attack?
Apache
A security analyst observes the following events in the logs of an employee workstation: (PICUTRE) Given the information provided, which of the following MOST likely occurred on the workstation?
Application whitelisting controls blocked an exploit payload from executing.
Which of the following encryption methods does PKI typically use to securely protect keys?
Asymmetric
Joe is exchanging encrypted email with another party. Joe encrypts the initial email with a key. When Joe receives a response, he is unable to decrypt the response with the same key he used initially. Which of the following would explain the situation?
Asymmetric encryption is being used
Which of the following implements two-factor authentication?
At ATM requiring a credit card and PIN
During an application design, the development team specifics a LDAP module for single sign-on communication with the company's access control database.This is an example of which of the following?
Authentication
Recently several employees were victims of a phishing email that appeared to originate from the company president. The email claimed the employees would be disciplined if they did not click on a malicious link in the message. Which of the following principles of social engineering made this attack successful?
Authority
A product manager is concerned about continuing operations at a facility located in a region undergoing significant political unrest. After consulting with senior management, a decision is made to suspend operations at the facility until the situation stabilizes. Which of the following risk management strategies BEST describes management's response?
Avoidance
Which of the following should identify critical systems and components?
BCP
Ann. An employee in the payroll department, has contacted the help desk citing multiple issues with her device, including: -> Slow performance -> Word documents, PDFs, and images no longer opening -> A pop-up Ann states the issues began after she opened an invoice that a vendor emailed to her. Upon opening the invoice, she had to click several security warnings to view it in her word processor. With which of the following is the device MOST likely infected?
Backdoor
A company has a data classification system with definitions for "Private" and "Public". The company"™s security policy outlines how data should be protected based on type. The company recently added the data type "Proprietary".
Better data classification
An auditor has identified an access control system that can incorrectly accept an access attempt from an unauthorized user. Which of the following authentication systems has the auditor reviewed?
Biometric-based
A company would like to prevent the use of a known set of applications from being used on company computers. Which of the following should the security administrator implement?
Blacklisting
Which of the following attack types is being carried out where a target is being sent unsolicited messages via Bluetooth?
Bluejacking
A senior incident response manager receives a call about some external IPs communicating with internal computers during off hours. Which of the following types of malware is MOST likely causing this issue?
Botnet
An analyst is reviewing a simple program for potential security vulnerabilities before being deployed to a Windows server. Given the following code: (PICTURE) Which of the following vulnerabilities is present?
Buffer overflow
A security administrator is tasked with implementing centralized management of all network devices. Network administrators will be required to logon to network devices using their LDAP credentials. All command executed by network administrators on network devices must fall within a preset list of authorized commands and must be logged to a central facility. Which of the following configuration commands should be implemented to enforce this requirement?
CN=company, CN=com, OU=netadmin, DC=192.32.10.233
A member of a digital forensics team, Joe arrives at a crime scene and is preparing to collect system data. Before powering the system off, Joe knows that he must collect the most volatile date first. Which of the following is the correct order in which Joe should collect the data?
CPU cache, RAM, paging/swap files, remote logging data
A security administrator must implement a system to ensure that invalid certificates are not used by a custom developed application. The system must be able to check the validity of certificates even when internet access is unavailable. Which of the following MUST be implemented to support this requirement?
CRL
An organization needs to implement a large PKI. Network engineers are concerned that repeated transmission of the OCSP will impact network performance. Which of the following should the security analyst recommend is lieu of an OCSP?
CRL
A security administrator receives notice that a third-party certificate authority has been compromised, and new certificates will need to be issued. Which of the following should the administrator submit to receive a new certificate?
CSR
A company is using a mobile device deployment model in which employees use their personal devices for work at their own discretion. Some of the problems the company is encountering include the following: -> There is no standardization. -> Employees ask for reimbursement for their devices. -> Employees do not replace their devices often enough to keep them running efficiently. -> The company does not have enough control over the devices. Which of the following is a deployment model that would help the company overcome these problems?
CYOD
A network technician is setting up a segmented network that will utilize a separate ISP to provide wireless access to the public area for a company. Which of the following wireless security methods should the technician implement to provide basic accountability for access to the public network?
Captive portal
An incident responder receives a call from a user who reports a computer is exhibiting symptoms consistent with a malware infection. Which of the following steps should the responder perform NEXT?
Capture and document necessary information to assist in the response.
An attacker compromises a public CA and issues unauthorized X.509 certificates for Company.com. In the future, Company.com wants to mitigate the impact of similar incidents. Which of the following would assist Company.com with its goal?
Certificate pinning
Which of the following must be intact for evidence to be admissible in court?
Chain of custody
An organization is comparing and contrasting migration from its standard desktop configuration to the newest version of the platform. Before this can happen, the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) voices the need to evaluate the functionality of the newer desktop platform to ensure interoperability with existing software in use by the organization. In which of the following principles of architecture and design is the CISO engaging?
Change management
A company researched the root cause of a recent vulnerability in its software. It was determined that the vulnerability was the result of two updates made in the last release. Each update alone would not have resulted in the vulnerability. In order to prevent similar situations in the future, the company should improve which of the following?
Change management procedures
A system"™s administrator has finished configuring firewall ACL to allow access to a new web server. (PICTURE) The security administrator confirms form the following packet capture that there is network traffic from the internet to the web server: (PICTURE) The company"™s internal auditor issues a security finding and requests that immediate action be taken. With which of the following is the auditor MOST concerned?
Clear text credentials
A new mobile application is being developed in-house. Security reviews did not pick up any major flaws, however vulnerability scanning results show fundamental issues at the very end of the project cycle.Which of the following security activities should also have been performed to discover vulnerabilities earlier in the lifecycle?
Code review
An administrator discovers the following log entry on a server: Nov 12 2013 00:23:45 httpd[2342]: GET /app2/prod/proc/process.php?input=change;cd%20../../../etc;cat%20shadow Which of the following attacks is being attempted?
Command injection
A group of non-profit agencies wants to implement a cloud service to share resources with each other and minimize costs. Which of the following cloud deployment models BEST describes this type of effort?
Community
Which of the following types of cloud infrastructures would allow several organizations with similar structures and interests to realize the benefits of shared storage and resources?
Community
Which of the following threat actors is MOST likely to steal a company"™s proprietary information to gain a market edge and reduce time to market?
Competitor
The chief Security Officer (CSO) has reported a rise in data loss but no break ins have occurred. By doing which of the following is the CSO most likely to reduce the number of incidents?
Conduct security awareness training
An organization relies heavily on an application that has a high frequency of security updates. At present, the security team only updates the application on the first Monday of each month, even though the security updates are released as often as twice a week. Which of the following would be the BEST method of updating this application?
Configure testing and automate patch management for the application.
To reduce disk consumption, an organization"™s legal department has recently approved a new policy setting the data retention period for sent email at six months. Which of the following is the BEST way to ensure this goal is met?
Configure the email server to delete the relevant emails.
An administrator has concerns regarding the traveling sales team who works primarily from smart phones. Given the sensitive nature of their work, which of the following would BEST prevent access to the data in case of loss or theft?
Configure the smart phones so that the stored data can be destroyed from a centralized location
Multiple employees receive an email with a malicious attachment that begins to encrypt their hard drives and mapped shares on their devices when it is opened. The network and security teams perform the following actions: -> Shut down all network shares. -> Run an email search identifying all employees who received the malicious message. -> Reimage all devices belonging to users who opened the attachment. Next, the teams want to re-enable the network shares. Which of the following BEST describes this phase of the incident response process?
Containment
A security administrator returning from a short vacation receives an account lock-out message when attempting to log into the computer. After getting the account unlocked the security administrator immediately notices a large amount of emails alerts pertaining to several different user accounts being locked out during the past three days. The security administrator uses system logs to determine that the lock-outs were due to a brute force attack on all accounts that has been previously logged into that machine. Which of the following can be implemented to reduce the likelihood of this attack going undetected?
Continuous monitoring
A new intern in the purchasing department requires read access to shared documents. Permissions are normally controlled through a group called "Purchasing", however, the purchasing group permissions allow write access. Which of the following would be the BEST course of action?
Create a new group that has only read permissions for the files.
A security administrator determined that users within the company are installing unapproved software. Company policy dictates that only certain applications may be installed or ran on the user's computers without exception. Which of the following should the administrator do to prevent all unapproved software from running on the user's computer?
Create an application whitelist and use OS controls to enforce it
A technician has installed new vulnerability scanner software on a server that is joined to the company domain. The vulnerability scanner is able to provide visibility over the patch posture of all company's clients. Which of the following is being used?
Credentialed scan
A vulnerability scanner that uses its running service"™s access level to better assess vulnerabilities across multiple assets within an organization is performing a:
Credentialed scan.
A company wants to ensure that the validity of publicly trusted certificates used by its web server can be determined even during an extended internet outage. Which of the following should be implemented?
Crl
A web application is configured to target browsers and allow access to bank accounts to siphon money to a foreign account. This is an example of which of the following attacks?
Cross-site scripting
Joe, the security administrator, sees this in a vulnerability scan report: "The server 10.1.2.232 is running Apache 2.2.20 which may be vulnerable to a mod_cgi exploit." Joe verifies that the mod_cgi module is not enabled on 10.1.2.232. This message is an example of:
D. a false positive.
Which of the following attacks specifically impact data availability?
DDoS
Many employees are receiving email messages similar to the one shown below: From IT department - To employee - Subject email quota exceeded -Please click on the following link http:www.website.info/email.php?quota=1Gb and provide your username and password to increase your email quota. Upon reviewing other similar emails, the security administrator realized that all the phishing URLs have the following common elements; they all use HTTP, they all come from .info domains, and they all contain the same URI. Which of the following should the security administrator configure on the corporate content filter to prevent users from accessing the phishing URL, while at the same time minimizing false positives?
DENY http://*.info/email.php?quota=1Gb
After a routine audit, a company discovers that engineering documents have been leaving the network on a particular port. The company must allow outbound traffic on this port, as it has a legitimate business use. Blocking the port would cause an outage. Which of the following technology controls should the company implement?
DLP
A company wants to host a publicly available server that performs the following functions: -> Evaluates MX record lookup -> Can perform authenticated requests for A and AAA records -> Uses RRSIG Which of the following should the company use to fulfill the above requirements?
DNSSEC
A technician is configuring a wireless guest network. After applying the most recent changes the technician finds the new devices can no longer find the wireless network by name but existing devices are still able to use the wireless network. Which of the following security measures did the technician MOST likely implement to cause this Scenario?
Deactivation of SSID broadcast
Which of the following is the BEST explanation of why control diversity is important in a defense-in-depth architecture?
Defense-in-depth relies on control diversity to provide multiple levels of network hierarchy that allow user domain segmentation
A security analyst is reviewing the following packet capture of an attack directed at a company's server located in the DMZ: (PICTURE) Which of the following ACLs provides the BEST protection against the above attack and any further attacks from the same IP, while minimizing service interruption?
Deny IP from 192.168.1.10/32 to 0.0.0.0/0
An organization uses SSO authentication for employee access to network resources. When an employee resigns, as per the organization"™s security policy, the employee"™s access to all network resources is terminated immediately. Two weeks later, the former employee sends an email to the help desk for a password reset to access payroll information from the human resources server. Which of the following represents the BEST course of action?
Deny the former employee"™s request, as a password reset would give the employee access to all network resources.
A high-security defense installation recently begun utilizing large guard dogs that bark very loudly and excitedly at the slightest provocation. Which of the following types of controls does this BEST describe?
Deterrent
Having adequate lighting on the outside of a building is an example of which of the following security controls?
Deterrent
A system administrator is configuring a site-to-site VPN tunnel. Which of the following should be configured on the VPN concentrator during the IKE phase?
Diffie-Hellman
An organization wants to conduct secure transactions of large data files. Before encrypting and exchanging the data files, the organization wants to ensure a secure exchange of keys. Which of the following algorithms is appropriate for securing the key exchange?
Diffie-Hellman
An information system owner has supplied a new requirement to the development team that calls for increased non-repudiation within the application. After undergoing several audits, the owner determined that current levels of non-repudiation were insufficient. Which of the following capabilities would be MOST appropriate to consider implementing is response to the new requirement?
Digital signatures
An organization has hired a penetration tester to test the security of its ten web servers. The penetration tester is able to gain root/administrative access in several servers by exploiting vulnerabilities associated with the implementation of SMTP, POP, DNS, FTP, Telnet, and IMAP. Which of the following recommendations should the penetration tester provide to the organization to better protect their web servers in the future?
Disable unnecessary services
A security administrator wants to implement a company-wide policy to empower data owners to manage and enforce access control rules on various resources. Which of the following should be implemented?
Discretionary access control
An organization is trying to decide which type of access control is most appropriate for the network. The current access control approach is too complex and requires significant overhead. Management would like to simplify the access control and provide user with the ability to determine what permissions should be applied to files, document, and directories. The access control method that BEST satisfies these objectives is:
Discretionary access control
A security analyst notices anomalous activity coming from several workstations in the organizations. Upon identifying and containing the issue, which of the following should the security analyst do NEXT?
Document findings and processes in the after-action and lessons learned report
In a corporation where compute utilization spikes several times a year, the Chief Information Officer (CIO) has requested a cost-effective architecture to handle the variable capacity demand. Which of the following characteristics BEST describes what the CIO has requested?
Elasticity
A penetration tester finds that a company"™s login credentials for the email client were being sent in clear text. Which of the following should be done to provide encrypted logins to the email server?
Enable an SSL certificate for IMAP services.
A security administrator has been tasked with improving the overall security posture related to desktop machines on the network. An auditor has recently that several machines with confidential customer information displayed in the screens are left unattended during the course of the day. Which of the following could the security administrator implement to reduce the risk associated with the finding?
Enable group policy based screensaver timeouts
Joe, a user, wants to send Ann, another user, a confidential document electronically. Which of the following should Joe do to ensure the document is protected from eavesdropping?
Encrypt it with Ann"™s public key
A company hires a third-party firm to conduct an assessment of vulnerabilities exposed to the Internet. The firm informs the company that an exploit exists for an FTP server that had a version installed from eight years ago. The company has decided to keep the system online anyway, as no upgrade exists form the vendor. Which of the following BEST describes the reason why the vulnerability exists?
End-of-life system
A network administrator wants to ensure that users do not connect any unauthorized devices to the company network. Each desk needs to connect a VoIP phone and computer. Which of the following is the BEST way to accomplish this?
Enforce authentication for network devices
Ann, a security administrator, has been instructed to perform fuzz-based testing on the company's applications.Which of the following best describes what she will do?
Enter random or invalid data into the application in an attempt to cause it to fault
A security analyst has received the following alert snippet from the HIDS appliance: (PICTURE) Given the above logs, which of the following is the cause of the attack?
FIN, URG, and PSH flags are set in the packet header
A company is developing a new system that will unlock a computer automatically when an authorized user sits in front of it, and then lock the computer when the user leaves. The user does not have to perform any action for this process to occur. Which of the following technologies provides this capability?
Facial recognition
An organization is using a tool to perform a source code review. Which of the following describes the case in which the tool incorrectly identifies the vulnerability?
False positive
An organization is moving its human resources system to a cloud services provider. The company plans to continue using internal usernames and passwords with the service provider, but the security manager does not want the service provider to have a company of the passwords. Which of the following options meets all of these requirements?
Federated authentication
Joe a website administrator believes he owns the intellectual property for a company invention and has been replacing image files on the company's public facing website in the DMZ. Joe is using steganography to hide stolen data. Which of the following controls can be implemented to mitigate this type of inside threat?
File integrity monitoring
An administrator is testing the collision resistance of different hashing algorithms. Which of the following is the strongest collision resistance test?
Find two identical messages with different hashes
Which of the following would meet the requirements for multifactor authentication?
Fingerprint and password
A security analyst receives an alert from a WAF with the following payload: var data= "<test test test>" ++ <../../../../../../etc/passwd>" Which of the following types of attacks is this?
Firewall evasion script
The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of a major defense contracting company a traveling overseas for a conference. The CEO will be taking a laptop. Which of the following should the security administrator implement to ensure confidentiality of the data if the laptop were to be stolen or lost during the trip?
Full device encryption
A mobile device user is concerned about geographic positioning information being included in messages sent between users on a popular social network platform. The user turns off the functionality in the application, but wants to ensure the application cannot re-enable the setting without the knowledge of the user. Which of the following mobile device capabilities should the user disable to achieve the stated goal?
GEO-Tagging
An application team is performing a load-balancing test for a critical application during off-hours and has requested access to the load balancer to review which servers are up without having the administrator on call. The security analyst is hesitant to give the application team full access due to other critical applications running on the load balancer. Which of the following is the BEST solution for security analyst to process the request?
Give the application team read-only access.
An administrator intends to configure an IPSec solution that provides ESP with integrity protection, but not confidentiality protection. Which of the following AES modes of operation would meet this integrity-only requirement?
HMAC
The availability of a system has been labeled as the highest priority. Which of the following should be focused on the MOST to ensure the objective?
HVAC
A user is presented with the following items during the new-hire onboarding process: -Laptop-Secure USB drive -Hardware OTP token-External high -capacity HDD -Password complexity policy -Acceptable use policy-HASP key -Cable lock Which of the following is one component of multifactor authentication?
Hardware OTP token
A company is terminating an employee for misbehavior. Which of the following steps is MOST important in the process of disengagement from this employee?
Have the employee surrender company identification.
An organization requires users to provide their fingerprints to access an application. To improve security, the application developers intend to implement multifactor authentication. Which of the following should be implemented?
Have users sign their name naturally
A malicious attacker has intercepted HTTP traffic and inserted an ASCII line that sets the referrer URL. Which of the following is the attacker most likely utilizing?
Header manipulation
A security administrator has been assigned to review the security posture of the standard corporate system image for virtual machines. The security administrator conducts a thorough review of the system logs, installation procedures, and network configuration of the VM image. Upon reviewing the access logs and user accounts, the security administrator determines that several accounts will not be used in production. Which of the following would correct the deficiencies?
Host hardening
Joe, a technician, is working remotely with his company provided laptop at the coffee shop near his home. Joe is concerned that another patron of the coffee shop may be trying to access his laptop. Which of the following is an appropriate control to use to prevent the other patron from accessing Joe's laptop directly?
Host-based firewall
Which of the following can affect electrostatic discharge in a network operations center?
Humidity controls
An auditor is reviewing the following output from a password-cracking tool: (PICTURE) Which of the following methods did the auditor MOST likely use?
Hybrid
While reviewing the monthly internet usage it is noted that there is a large spike in traffic classified as "unknown" and does not appear to be within the bounds of the organizations Acceptable Use Policy. Which of the following tool or technology would work BEST for obtaining more information on this traffic?
IDS logs
After an identified security breach, an analyst is tasked to initiate the IR process. Which of the following is the NEXT step the analyst should take?
Identification
An attacker wearing a building maintenance uniform approached a company's receptionist asking for access to a secure area. The receptionist asks for identification, a building access badge and checks the company's list approved maintenance personnel prior to granting physical access to the secure are. The controls used by the receptionist are in place to prevent which of the following types of attacks?
Impersonation
A security analyst wants to harden the company"™s VoIP PBX. The analyst is worried that credentials may be intercepted and compromised when IP phones authenticate with the BPX. Which of the following would best prevent this from occurring?
Implement SRTP between the phones and the PBX.
An organization finds that most help desk calls are regarding account lockout due to a variety of applications running on different systems. Management is looking for a solution to reduce the number of account lockouts while improving security. Which of the following is the BEST solution for this organization?
Implement SSO.
The security administrator receives an email on a non-company account from a coworker stating that some reports are not exporting correctly. Attached to the email was an example report file with several customers' names and credit card numbers with the PIN. Which of the following is the BEST technical controls that will help mitigate this risk of disclosing sensitive data?
Implement a DLP solution on the email gateway to scan email and remove sensitive data or files
A security analyst is investigating a suspected security breach and discovers the following in the logs of the potentially compromised server: (PICTURE) Which of the following would be the BEST method for preventing this type of suspected attack in the future?
Implement account lockout settings
The data backup window has expanded into the morning hours and has begun to affect production users. The main bottleneck in the process is the time it takes to replicate the backups to separate severs at the offsite data center. Which of the following uses of deduplication could be implemented to reduce the backup window?
Implement deduplication on the storage array to reduce the amount of drive space needed
An audit takes place after company-wide restricting, in which several employees changed roles. The following deficiencies are found during the audit regarding access to confidential data: (PICTURE) Which of the following would be the BEST method to prevent similar audit findings in the future?
Implement regular permission auditing and reviews.
The administrator installs database software to encrypt each field as it is written to disk. Which of the following describes the encrypted data?
In-use
Which of the following would MOST likely appear in an uncredentialed vulnerability scan?
Inactive local accounts
An organization's file server has been virtualized to reduce costs. Which of the following types of backups would be MOST appropriate for the particular file server?
Incremental
A security analyst accesses corporate web pages and inputs random data in the forms. The response received includes the type of database used and SQL commands that the database accepts. Which of the following should the security analyst use to prevent this vulnerability?
Input validation
Which of the following best describes routine in which semicolons, dashes, quotes, and commas are removed from a string?
Input validation to protect against SQL injection.
The firewall administrator is adding a new certificate for the company's remote access solution. The solution requires that the uploaded file contain the entire certificate chain for the certificate to load properly. The administrator loads the company certificate and the root CA certificate into the file. The file upload is rejected. Which of the following is required to complete the certificate chain?
Intermediate authority
A botnet has hit a popular website with a massive number of GRE-encapsulated packets to perform a DDoS attack. News outlets discover a certain type of refrigerator was exploited and used to send outbound packets to the website that crashed. To which of the following categories does the refrigerator belong?
IoT
Which of the following precautions MINIMIZES the risk from network attacks directed at multifunction printers, as well as the impact on functionality at the same time?
Isolating the systems using VLANs
A security administrator is trying to encrypt communication. For which of the following reasons should administrator take advantage of the Subject Alternative Name (SAM) attribute of a certificate?
It provides extended site validation
A security administrator is evaluating three different services: radius, diameter, and Kerberos. Which of the following is a feature that is UNIQUE to Kerberos?
It uses tickets to identify authenticated users
A security analyst is hardening an authentication server. One of the primary requirements is to ensure there is mutual authentication and delegation. Given these requirements, which of the following technologies should the analyst recommend and configure?
Kerberos services
The process of applying a salt and cryptographic hash to a password then repeating the process many times is known as which of the following?
Key stretching
The IT department needs to prevent users from installing untested applications. Which of the following would provide the BEST solution?
Least privilege
Company policy requires the use if passphrases instead if passwords. Which of the following technical controls MUST be in place in order to promote the use of passphrases?
Length
During a data breach cleanup, it is discovered that not all of the sites involved have the necessary data wiping tools. The necessary tools are quickly distributed to the required technicians, but when should this problem BEST be revisited?
Lessons Learned
When identifying a company"™s most valuable assets as part of a BIA, which of the following should be the FIRST priority?
Life
A company is investigating a data compromise where data exfiltration occurred. Prior to the investigation, the supervisor terminates an employee as a result of the suspected data loss. During the investigation, the supervisor is absent for the interview, and little evidence can be provided form the role-based authentication system in use by the company. The situation can be identified for future mitigation as which of the following?
Log failure
An information security specialist is reviewing the following output from a Linux server. (PICTURE) Based on the above information, which of the following types of malware was installed on the server?
Logic bomb
Which of the following works by implanting software on systems but delays execution until a specific set of conditions is met?
Logic bomb
A user has attempted to access data at a higher classification level than the user"™s account is currently authorized to access. Which of the following access control models has been applied to this user"™s account?
MAC
While performing surveillance activities, an attacker determines that an organization is using 802.1X to secure LAN access. Which of the following attack mechanisms can the attacker utilize to bypass the identified network security?
MAC spoofing
Which of the following is the LEAST secure hashing algorithm?
MD5
A company has a security policy that specifies all endpoint computing devices should be assigned a unique identifier that can be tracked via an inventory management system. Recent changes to airline security regulations have cause many executives in the company to travel with mini tablet devices instead of laptops. These tablet devices are difficult to tag and track. An RDP application is used from the tablet to connect into the company network. Which of the following should be implemented in order to meet the security policy requirements?
MDM software
The Chief Technology Officer (CTO) of a company, Ann, is putting together a hardware budget for the next 10 years. She is asking for the average lifespan of each hardware device so that she is able to calculate when she will have to replace each device. Which of the following categories BEST describes what she is looking for?
MTTF
Which of the following BEST describes an attack where communications between two parties are intercepted and forwarded to each party with neither party being aware of the interception and potential modification to the communications?
Main-in-the-middle
A network administrator is attempting to troubleshoot an issue regarding certificates on a secure website. During the troubleshooting process, the network administrator notices that the web gateway proxy on the local network has signed all of the certificates on the local machine. Which of the following describes the type of attack the proxy has been legitimately programmed to perform?
Man-in-the-middle
public class rainbow { public static void main (String [ ] args) { object blue = null: blue.hashcode (); } } Which of the following vulnerabilities would occur if this is executed?
Missing null check
A Chief Information Officer (CIO) drafts an agreement between the organization and its employees. The agreement outlines ramifications for releasing information without consent and/or approvals. Which of the following BEST describes this type of agreement?
NDA
Ann a security analyst is monitoring the IDS console and noticed multiple connections from an internal host to a suspicious call back domain. Which of the following tools would aid her to decipher the network traffic?
NETSTAT
A software development company needs to share information between two remote servers, using encryption to protect it. A programmer suggests developing a new encryption protocol, arguing that using an unknown protocol with secure, existing cryptographic algorithm libraries will provide strong encryption without being susceptible to attacks on other known protocols. Which of the following summarizes the BEST response to the programmer's proposal?
New protocols often introduce unexpected vulnerabilities, even when developed with otherwise secure and tested algorithm libraries.
Which of the following would a security specialist be able to determine upon examination of a server"™s certificate?
OID
A business has recently deployed laptops to all sales employees. The laptops will be used primarily from home offices and while traveling, and a high amount of wireless mobile use is expected. To protect the laptops while connected to untrusted wireless networks, which of the following would be the BEST method for reducing the risk of having the laptops compromised?
OS hardening
A department head at a university resigned on the first day of the spring semester. It was subsequently determined that the department head deleted numerous files and directories from the server-based home directory while the campus was closed. Which of the following policies or procedures could have prevented this from occurring?
Offboarding
Joe a computer forensic technician responds to an active compromise of a database server. Joe first collects information in memory, then collects network traffic and finally conducts an image of the hard drive. Which of the following procedures did Joe follow?
Order of volatility
A security engineer is configuring a wireless network that must support mutual authentication of the wireless client and the authentication server before users provide credentials. The wireless network must also support authentication with usernames and passwords. Which of the following authentication protocols MUST the security engineer select?
PEAP
An analyst wants to implement a more secure wireless authentication for office access points. Which of the following technologies allows for encrypted authentication of wireless clients over TLS?
PEAP
A security engineer is configuring a system that requires the X.509 certificate information to be pasted into a form field in Base64 encoded format to import it into the system. Which of the following certificate formats should the engineer use to obtain the information in the required format?
PEM
A system administrator wants to implement an internal communication system that will allow employees to send encrypted messages to each other. The system must also support non- repudiation. Which of the following implements all these requirements?
PGP
Two users need to securely share encrypted files via email. Company policy prohibits users from sharing credentials or exchanging encryption keys. Which of the following can be implemented to enable users to share encrypted data while abiding by company policies?
PKI
An in-house penetration tester is using a packet capture device to listen in on network communications. This is an example of:
Passive reconnaissance
A company"™s AUP requires: -> Passwords must meet complexity requirements. -> Passwords are changed at least once every six months. -> Passwords must be at least eight characters long. An auditor is reviewing the following report: (PICTURE) Which of the following controls should the auditor recommend to enforce the AUP?
Password expiration
A security analyst has been asked to perform a review of an organization's software development lifecycle. The analyst reports that the lifecycle does not contain a phase in which team members evaluate and provide critical feedback of another developer's code. Which of the following assessment techniques is BEST described in the analyst's report?
Peer review
A security program manager wants to actively test the security posture of a system. The system is not yet in production and has no uptime requirement or active user base. Which of the following methods will produce a report which shows vulnerabilities that were actually exploited?
Penetration testing
An attacker captures the encrypted communication between two parties for a week, but is unable to decrypt the messages. The attacker then compromises the session key during one exchange and successfully compromises a single message. The attacker plans to use this key to decrypt previously captured and future communications, but is unable to. This is because the encryption scheme in use adheres to:
Perfect forward secrecy
A portable data storage device has been determined to have malicious firmware. Which of the following is the BEST course of action to ensure data confidentiality?
Perform virus scan in the device
A company exchanges information with a business partner. An annual audit of the business partner is conducted against the SLA in order to verify:
Performance and service delivery metrics
Which of the following security controls does an iris scanner provide?
Physical
A user suspects someone has been accessing a home network without permission by spoofing the MAC address of an authorized system. While attempting to determine if an authorized user is logged into the home network, the user reviews the wireless router, which shows the following table for systems that are currently on the home network. (PICTURE) Which of the following should be the NEXT step to determine if there is an unauthorized user on the network?
Physically check each of the authorized systems to determine if they are logged onto the network.
Which of the following types of keys is found in a key escrow?
Private
Which of the following specifically describes the exploitation of an interactive process to access otherwise restricted areas of the OS?
Privilege escalation
Which of the following types of attacks precedes the installation of a rootkit on a server?
Privilege escalation
A network technician is trying to determine the source of an ongoing network based attack. Which of the following should the technician use to view IPv4 packet data on a particular internal network segment?
Protocol analyzer
A company is deploying a new VoIP phone system. They require 99.999% uptime for their phone service and are concerned about their existing data network interfering with the VoIP phone system. The core switches in the existing data network are almost fully saturated. Which of the following options will pro-vide the best performance and availability for both the VoIP traffic, as well as the traffic on the existing data network?
Put the VoIP network into a different VLAN than the existing data network.
A system administrator needs to implement 802.1x whereby when a user logs into the network, the authentication server communicates to the network switch and assigns the user to the proper VLAN. Which of the following protocols should be used?
RADIUS
Multiple organizations operating in the same vertical want to provide seamless wireless access for their employees as they visit the other organizations. Which of the following should be implemented if all the organizations use the native 802.1x client on their mobile devices?
RADIUS federation
After a user reports stow computer performance, a systems administrator detects a suspicious file, which was installed as part of a freeware software package. The systems administrator reviews the output below: (Picture) Based on the above information, which of the following types of malware was installed on the user's computer?
RAT
An organization has determined it can tolerate a maximum of three hours of downtime. Which of the following has been specified?
RTO
Which of the following cryptographic attacks would salting of passwords render ineffective?
Rainbow tables
A security engineer is faced with competing requirements from the networking group and database administrators. The database administrators would like ten application servers on the same subnet for ease of administration, whereas the networking group would like to segment all applications from one another. Which of the following should the security administrator do to rectify this issue?
Recommend classifying each application into like security groups and segmenting the groups from one another
A penetration tester is crawling a target website that is available to the public. Which of the following represents the actions the penetration tester is performing?
Reconnaissance
A new security policy in an organization requires that all file transfers within the organization be completed using applications that provide secure transfer. Currently, the organization uses FTP and HTTP to transfer files. Which of the following should the organization implement in order to be compliant with the new policy?
Replace FTP with SFTP and replace HTTP with TLS
An attacker uses a network sniffer to capture the packets of a transaction that adds $20 to a gift card. The attacker then user a function of the sniffer to push those packets back onto the network again, adding another $20 to the gift card. This can be done many times. Which of the following describes this type of attack?
Replay attack
A bank requires tellers to get manager approval when a customer wants to open a new account. A recent audit shows that there have been four cases in the previous year where tellers opened accounts without management approval. The bank president thought separation of duties would prevent this from happening. In order to implement a true separation of duties approach the bank could:
Require all new accounts to be handled by someone else other than a teller since they have different duties
A Chief Executive Officer (CEO) suspects someone in the lab testing environment is stealing confidential information after working hours when no one else is around. Which of the following actions can help to prevent this specific threat?
Require swipe-card access to enter the lab.
Which of the following BEST describes an important security advantage yielded by implementing vendor diversity?
Resiliency
A copy of a highly confidential salary report was recently found on a printer in the IT department. The human resources department does not have this specific printer mapped to its devices, and it is suspected that an employee in the IT department browsed to the share where the report was located and printed it without authorization. Which of the following technical controls would be the BEST choice to immediately prevent this from happening again?
Restrict access to the share where the report resides to only human resources employees and enable auditing
A technician suspects that a system has been compromised. The technician reviews the following log entry: WARNING- hash mismatch: C:\Window\SysWOW64\user32.dll WARNING- hash mismatch: C:\Window\SysWOW64\kernel32.dll Based solely on the above information, which of the following types of malware is MOST likely installed on the system?
Rootkit
A supervisor in your organization was demoted on Friday afternoon. The supervisor had the ability to modify the contents of a confidential database, as well as other managerial permissions. On Monday morning, the database administrator reported that log files indicated that several records were missing from the database. Which of the following risk mitigation strategies should have been implemented when the supervisor was demoted?
Routine auditing
An administrator is configuring access to information located on a network file server named "Bowman". The files are located in a folder named "BalkFiles". The files are only for use by the "Matthews" division and should be read-only. The security policy requires permissions for shares to be managed at the file system layer and also requires those permissions to be set according to a least privilege model. Security policy for this data type also dictates that administrator-level accounts on the system have full access to the files. The administrator configures the file share according to the following table: (PICTURE) Which of the following rows has been misconfigured?
Row 4
A Chief Security Officer (CSO) has been unsuccessful in attempts to access the website for a potential partner (www.example.net).Which of the following rules is preventing the CSO from accessing the site?Blocked sites: *.nonews.com, *.rumorhasit.net, *.mars?
Rule 3: deny from inside to outside source any destination {blocked sites} service http-https
Which of the following allows an application to securely authenticate a user by receiving credentials from a web domain?
SAML
Which of the following is commonly used for federated identity management across multiple organizations?
SAML
A company was recently audited by a third party. The audit revealed the company"™s network devices were transferring files in the clear. Which of the following protocols should the company use to transfer files?
SCP
In an effort to reduce data storage requirements, some company devices to hash every file and eliminate duplicates. The data processing routines are time sensitive so the hashing algorithm is fast and supported on a wide range of systems. Which of the following algorithms is BEST suited for this purpose?
SHA
Which of the following cryptographic algorithms is irreversible?
SHA-256
Which of the following is a document that contains detailed information about actions that include how something will be done, when the actions will be performed, and penalties for failure?
SLA
A security consultant discovers that an organization is using the PCL protocol to print documents, utilizing the default driver and print settings. Which of the following is the MOST likely risk in this situation?
SNMP data leaving the printer will not be properly encrypted.
An organization"™s primary datacenter is experiencing a two-day outage due to an HVAC malfunction. The node located in the datacenter has lost power and is no longer operational, impacting the ability of all users to connect to the alternate datacenter. Which of the following BIA concepts BEST represents the risk described in this scenario?
SPoF
Which of the following should be used to implement voice encryption?
SRTP
A server administrator needs to administer a server remotely using RDP, but the specified port is closed on the outbound firewall on the network .The access the server using RDP on a port other than the typical registered port for the RDP protocol?
SSH
An application developer is designing an application involving secure transports from one service to another that will pass over port 80 for a request. Which of the following secure protocols is the developer MOST likely to use?
SSL
A security administrator is developing training for corporate users on basic security principles for personal email accounts. Which of the following should be mentioned as the MOST secure way for password recovery?
Sending a PIN to a smartphone through text message
A manager suspects that an IT employee with elevated database access may be knowingly modifying financial transactions for the benefit of a competitor. Which of the following practices should the manager implement to validate the concern?
Separation of duties
Although a web enabled application appears to only allow letters in the comment field of a web form, malicious user was able to carry a SQL injection attack by sending special characters through the web comment field. Which of the following has the application programmer failed to implement?
Server side validation
Audit logs from a small company"™s vulnerability scanning software show the following findings: Destinations scanned: -Server001- Internal human resources payroll server -Server101-Internet-facing web server -Server201 - SQL server for Server101 -Server301-Jumpbox used by systems administrators accessible from the internal network Validated vulnerabilities found: -Server001- Vulnerable to buffer overflow exploit that may allow attackers to install software -Server101- Vulnerable to buffer overflow exploit that may allow attackers to install software -Server201-OS updates not fully current -Server301- Accessible from internal network without the use of jumpbox -Server301-Vulnerable to highly publicized exploit that can elevate user privileges Assuming external attackers who are gaining unauthorized information are of the highest concern, which of the following servers should be addressed FIRST?
Server101
A systems administrator is attempting to recover from a catastrophic failure in the datacenter. To recover the domain controller, the systems administrator needs to provide the domain administrator credentials. Which of the following account types is the systems administrator using?
Service account
An organization is working with a cloud services provider to transition critical business applications to a hybrid cloud environment. The organization retains sensitive customer data and wants to ensure the provider has sufficient administrative and logical controls in place to protect its data. In which of the following documents would this concern MOST likely be addressed?
Service level agreement
A computer on a company network was infected with a zero-day exploit after an employee accidently opened an email that contained malicious content. The employee recognized the email as malicious and was attempting to delete it, but accidently opened it. Which of the following should be done to prevent this scenario from occurring again in the future?
Set the email program default to open messages in plain text
A security administrator needs to implement a system that detects possible intrusions based upon a vendor provided list. Which of the following BEST describes this type of IDS?
Signature based
Phishing emails frequently take advantage of high-profile catastrophes reported in the news. Which of the following principles BEST describes the weakness being exploited?
Social proof
An employer requires that employees use a key-generating app on their smartphones to log into corporate applications. In terms of authentication of an individual, this type of access policy is BEST defined as:
Something you have.
An employee receives an email, which appears to be from the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), asking for a report of security credentials for all users. Which of the following types of attack is MOST likely occurring?
Spear phishing
A system administrator wants to provide for and enforce wireless access accountability during events where external speakers are invited to make presentations to a mixed audience of employees and non-employees. Which of the following should the administrator implement?
Sponsored guest
A security technician would like to obscure sensitive data within a file so that it can be transferred without causing suspicion. Which of the following technologies would BEST be suited to accomplish this?
Steganography
A website administrator has received an alert from an application designed to check the integrity of the company's website. The alert indicated that the hash value for a particular MPEG file has changed. Upon further investigation, the media appears to be the same as it was before the alert. Which of the following methods has MOST likely been used?
Steganography
A new hire wants to use a personally owned phone to access company resources. The new hire expresses concern about what happens to the data on the phone when they leave the company. Which of the following portions of the company's mobile device management configuration would allow the company data to be removed from the device without touching the new hire's data?
Storage segmentation
The Chief Security Officer (CISO) at a multinational banking corporation is reviewing a plan to upgrade the entire corporate IT infrastructure. The architecture consists of a centralized cloud environment hosting the majority of data, small server clusters at each corporate location to handle the majority of customer transaction processing, ATMs, and a new mobile banking application accessible from smartphones, tablets, and the Internet via HTTP. The corporation does business having varying data retention and privacy laws. Which of the following technical modifications to the architecture and corresponding security controls should be implemented to provide the MOST complete protection of data?
Store customer data based on national borders, ensure end-to end encryption between ATMs, end users, and servers, test redundancy and COOP plans to ensure data is not inadvertently shifted from one legal jurisdiction to another with more stringent regulations
Joe, a security administrator, needs to extend the organization"™s remote access functionality to be used by staff while travelling. Joe needs to maintain separate access control functionalities for internal, external, and VOIP services. Which of the following represents the BEST access technology for Joe to use?
TACACS+
Which of the following can be used to control specific commands that can be executed on a network infrastructure device?
TACACS+
An organization wishes to provide better security for its name resolution services. Which of the following technologies BEST supports the deployment of DNSSEC at the organization?
TLS
A security team wants to establish an Incident Response plan. The team has never experienced an incident. Which of the following would BEST help them establish plans and procedures?
Table top exercises
A director of IR is reviewing a report regarding several recent breaches. The director compiles the following statistic"™s -Initial IR engagement time frame-Length of time before an executive management notice went out -Average IR phase completion The director wants to use the data to shorten the response time. Which of the following would accomplish this?
Tabletop exercise
Which of the following is the GREATEST risk to a company by allowing employees to physically bring their personal smartphones to work?
Taking pictures of proprietary information and equipment in restricted areas.
When trying to log onto a company"™s new ticketing system, some employees receive the following message: Access denied: too many concurrent sessions. The ticketing system was recently installed on a small VM with only the recommended hardware specifications. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause for this error message?
The VM does not have enough processing power.
After correctly configuring a new wireless enabled thermostat to control the temperature of the company's meeting room, Joe, a network administrator determines that the thermostat is not connecting to the internet-based control system. Joe verifies that the thermostat received the expected network parameters and it is associated with the AP. Additionally, the other wireless mobile devices connected to the same wireless network are functioning properly. The network administrator verified that the thermostat works when tested at his residence. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason the thermostat is not connecting to the internet?
The company implements a captive portal
A security administrator has found a hash in the environment known to belong to malware. The administrator then finds this file to be in in the preupdate area of the OS, which indicates it was pushed from the central patch system. File: winx86_adobe_flash_upgrade.exeHash: 99ac28bede43ab869b853ba62c4ea243The administrator pulls a report from the patch management system with the following output: Given the above outputs, which of the following MOST likely happened?
The file was infected when the patch manager downloaded it.
During a monthly vulnerability scan, a server was flagged for being vulnerable to an Apache Struts exploit. Upon further investigation, the developer responsible for the server informs the security team that Apache Struts is not installed on the server. Which of the following BEST describes how the security team should reach to this incident?
The finding is a false positive and can be disregarded
A new firewall has been places into service at an organization. However, a configuration has not been entered on the firewall. Employees on the network segment covered by the new firewall report they are unable to access the network. Which of the following steps should be completed to BEST resolve the issue?
The firewall should be configured to prevent user traffic form matching the implicit deny rule.
A workstation puts out a network request to locate another system. Joe, a hacker on the network, responds before the real system does, and he tricks the workstation into communicating with him. Which of the following BEST describes what occurred?
The hacker exploited weak switch configuration.
Which of the following best describes the initial processing phase used in mobile device forensics?
The phone and storage cards should be examined as a complete unit after examining the removable storage cards separately.
Which of the following explains why vendors publish MD5 values when they provide software patches for their customers to download over the Internet?
The recipient can verify integrity of the software patch.
A help desk is troubleshooting user reports that the corporate website is presenting untrusted certificate errors to employees and customers when they visit the website. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this error, provided the certificate has not expired?
The root CA has revoked the certificate of the intermediate CA
Which of the following network vulnerability scan indicators BEST validates a successful, active scan?
The scan output lists SQL injection attack vectors.
A security administrator is configuring a new network segment, which contains devices that will be accessed by external users, such as web and FTP server. Which of the following represents the MOST secure way to configure the new network segment?
The segment should be placed on an extranet, and the firewall rules should be configured to allow both internal and external traffic.
A consultant has been tasked to assess a client's network. The client reports frequent network outages. Upon viewing the spanning tree configuration, the consultant notices that an old and law performing edge switch on the network has been elected to be the root bridge. Which of the following explains this scenario?
The switch has the lowest MAC address
Six months into development, the core team assigned to implement a new internal piece of software must convene to discuss a new requirement with the stake holders. A stakeholder identified a missing feature critical to the organization, which must be implemented. The team needs to validate the feasibility of the newly introduced requirement and ensure it does not introduce new vulnerabilities to the software and other applications that will integrate with it. Which of the following BEST describes what the company
The system analysis phase of SSDSLC
A user of the wireless network is unable to gain access to the network. The symptoms are:1.) Unable to connect to both internal and Internet resources2.) The wireless icon shows connectivity but has no network access The wireless network is WPA2 Enterprise and users must be a member of the wireless security group to authenticate. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of the connectivity issues?
The user's laptop only supports WPA and WEP
A black hat hacker is enumerating a network and wants to remain covert during the process. The hacker initiates a vulnerability scan. Given the task at hand the requirement of being covert, which of the following statements BEST indicates that the vulnerability scan meets these requirements?
The vulnerability scanner is performing in network sniffer mode.
A security analyst reviews the following output: (PICTURE) The analyst loads the hash into the SIEM to discover if this hash is seen in other parts of the network. After inspecting a large number of files, the security analyst reports the following: (PICTURE) Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of the hash being found in other areas?
There are MD5 hash collisions
A network operations manager has added a second row of server racks in the datacenter. These racks face the opposite direction of the first row of racks. Which of the following is the reason the manager installed the racks this way?
To create environmental hot and cold isles
A company determines that it is prohibitively expensive to become compliant with new credit card regulations. Instead, the company decides to purchase insurance to cover the cost of any potential loss. Which of the following is the company doing?
Transferring the risk
A technician needs to implement a system which will properly authenticate users by their username and password only when the users are logging in from a computer in the office building. Any attempt to authenticate from a location other than the office building should be rejected. Which of the following MUST the technician implement?
Transitive authentication
A company is planning to encrypt the files in several sensitive directories of a file server with a symmetric key. Which of the following could be used?
TwoFish
Before an infection was detected, several of the infected devices attempted to access a URL that was similar to the company name but with two letters transposed. Which of the following BEST describes the attack vector used to infect the devices?
Typo squatting
Which of the following vulnerability types would the type of hacker known as a script kiddie be MOST dangerous against?
Unpatched exploitable Internet-facing services
As part of a new industry regulation, companies are required to utilize secure, standardized OS settings. A technical must ensure the OS settings are hardened.Which of the following is the BEST way to do this?
Use a configuration compliance scanner.
A penetration testing is preparing for a client engagement in which the tester must provide data that proves and validates the scanning tools' results. Which of the following is the best method for collecting this information?
Use a protocol analyzer to log all pertinent network traffic
The chief security officer (CS0) has issued a new policy that requires that all internal websites be configured for HTTPS traffic only. The network administrator has been tasked to update all internal sites without incurring additional costs .Which of the following is the best solution for the network administrator to secure each internal website?
Use certificates signed by the company CA
A security analyst wishes to increase the security of an FTP server. Currently, all traffic to the FTP server is unencrypted. Users connecting to the FTP server use a variety of modern FTP client software. The security analyst wants to keep the same port and protocol, while also still allowing unencrypted connections. Which of the following would BEST accomplish these goals?
Use explicit FTPS for connections.
Company XYZ has decided to make use of a cloud-based service that requires mutual, certificate- based authentication with its users. The company uses SSL- inspecting IDS at its network boundary and is concerned about the confidentiality of the mutual authentication. Which of the following model prevents the IDS from capturing credentials used to authenticate users to the new service or keys to decrypt that communication?
Use of active directory federation between the company and the cloud-based service
During a recent audit, it was discovered that several user accounts belonging to former employees were still active and had valid VPN permissions. Which of the following would help reduce the amount of risk the organization incurs in this situation in the future?
User access reviews
After a merger, it was determined that several individuals could perform the tasks of a network administrator in the merged organization. Which of the following should have been performed to ensure that employees have proper access?
User rights and permission review
Which of the following can be provided to an AAA system for the identification phase?
Username
An attack that is using interference as its main attack to impede network traffic is which of the following?
Using a similar wireless configuration of a nearby network
A dumpster diver recovers several hard drives from a company and is able to obtain confidential data from one of the hard drives. The company then discovers its information is posted online. Which of the following methods would have MOST likely prevented the data from being exposed?
Using magnetic fields to erase the data
In terms of encrypting data, which of the following is BEST described as a way to safeguard password data by adding random data to it in storage?
Using salt
A network administrator wants to implement a method of securing internal routing. Which of the following should the administrator implement?
VPN
Which of the following is an important step to take BEFORE moving any installation packages from a test environment to production?
Verify the hashes of files
Which of the following technologies would be MOST appropriate to utilize when testing a new software patch before a company-wide deployment?
Virtualization
Anne, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), has reported that she is getting multiple telephone calls from someone claiming to be from the helpdesk. The caller is asking to verify her network authentication credentials because her computer is broadcasting across the network. This is MOST likely which of the following types of attacks?
Vishing
A security administrator is tasked with conducting an assessment made to establish the baseline security posture of the corporate IT infrastructure. The assessment must report actual flaws and weaknesses in the infrastructure. Due to the expense of hiring outside consultants, the testing must be performed using in-house or cheaply available resource. There cannot be a possibility of any requirement being damaged in the test. Which of the following has the administrator been tasked to perform?
Vulnerability assessment
During a recent audit, it was discovered that many services and desktops were missing security patches. Which of the following BEST describes the assessment that was performed to discover this issue?
Vulnerability scan
Which of the following would verify that a threat does exist and security controls can easily be bypassed without actively testing an application?
Vulnerability scan
A company hires a consulting firm to crawl its Active Directory network with a non-domain account looking for unpatched systems. Actively taking control of systems is out of scope, as is the creation of new administrator accounts. For which of the following is the company hiring the consulting firm?
Vulnerability scanning
An administrator is replacing a wireless router. The configuration of the old wireless router was not documented before it stopped functioning. The equipment connecting to the wireless network uses older legacy equipment that was manufactured prior to the release of the 802.11i standard. Which of the following configuration options should the administrator select for the new wireless router?
WPA+TKIP
A network administrator at a small office wants to simplify the configuration of mobile clients connecting to an encrypted wireless network. Which of the following should be implemented in the administrator does not want to provide the wireless password or he certificate to the employees?
WPS
A security guard has informed the Chief Information Security Officer that a person with a tablet has been walking around the building. The guard also noticed strange white markings in different areas of the parking lot. The person is attempting which of the following types of attacks?
War chalking
As part of the SDLC, a third party is hired to perform a penetration test. The third party will have access to the source code, integration tests, and network diagrams. Which of the following BEST describes the assessment being performed?
White box
Which of the following attack types BEST describes a client-side attack that is used to manipulate an HTML iframe with JavaScript code via a web browser?
XSS
An attacker discovers a new vulnerability in an enterprise application. The attacker takes advantage of the vulnerability by developing new malware. After installing the malware, the attacker is provided with access to the infected machine. Which of the following is being described?
Zero-day exploit
When systems, hardware, or software are not supported by the original vendor, it is a vulnerability known as:
end-of-life systems
An auditor wants to test the security posture of an organization by running a tool that will display the following: JIMS <00> UNIQUE Registered WORKGROUP <00> GROUP Registered JIMS <00> UNIQUE Registered Which of the following commands should be used?
nbtstat
A security analyst is diagnosing an incident in which a system was compromised from an external IP address. The socket identified on the firewall was traced to 207.46.130.0:6666. Which of the following should the security analyst do to determine if the compromised system still has an active connection?
netstat
An information security analyst needs to work with an employee who can answer questions about how data for a specific system is used in the business. The analyst should seek out an employee who has the role of:
owner
Malware that changes its binary pattern on specific dates at specific times to avoid detection is known as a (n):
polymorphic virus
