Computer Concepts pt. 2

The creation or manipulation of matter at the smallest possible scale is known as:

Nanotechnology

The scam referred to as ___ typically comes in form of an alert message that claims to be from the FBI or your security software.

Scareware

Which type of malware is designed to report activity on your computer to another party?

Spyware

Which device can guard connected equipment against large power spikes or surges that may infrequently occur?

Surge Protector

Which network device provides multiple ports for connecting nodes and is aware of the exact address or identity of all the nodes attached to it?

Switch

One popular test of a machine's ability to think is known as the ___ test.

Turing

Which type of malware is attached to a host file and has the ability to replicate, or copy, itself?

Virus

Which of the following displays a form of artificial intelligence with its astounding capability to understand complex questions and quickly find the answers using large databases of information?

Watson

Copyright protection lasts for ___ years after the death of the author.

70

A ___ is any step you take to ward off a threat.

Countermeasure

A(n) ___ uniquely identifies every network-connected device in the world.

MAC Address

A(n) ___ contains a rechargeable battery, allowing it to run a computer system for a given amount of time if the power fails.

UPS (Uninterruptable Power Supply)

The act of alerting the public about harmful activities that are being hidden by an organization is called:

Whistleblowing

Which of the following is NOT one of the specifications of Wi-Fi technology?

802.11z

All nodes connect to a wireless ___ in order to communicate wirelessly.

Access Point

Typically measured in Mbps or Gbps, ___ is the amount of data that can be transmitted over a given amount of time.

Bandwidth

The use of living organisms to manufacture new products or improve existing ones is called:

Biotechnology

What is the name of the legal concept that grants rights and control to the owner of any published work, such as books, songs, and photographs?

Copyright

___ is a feature that requires two forms of identification, such as a password and possession of your phone, to log into an account.

Two-factor authentication

Which of the following is a document that contains an organization's policies for the ethical, secure, and appropriate use of computing resources?

Acceptable use policy

Most Creative Commons licenses require, at a minimum, that the user provide ___ to the author wherever the work is used.

Attribution

Using robotic arms (instead of people) during certain phases of car manufacturing is referred to as:

Automation

Which term refers to the large volumes of data that are constantly being generated by our devices and digital transactions?

Big Data

Which of the following refers to large networks of compromised computers that can be used by a hacker to spread malware, send spam, and conduct carefully orchestrated network attacks?

Botnets

A popular type of network attack, known as a(n) ___ attack, allows hackers to shut down or block access to websites and other network resources by overwhelming them with requests.

DDoS

Systems known as ___ are able to continue their operation even when problems are present.

Fault-Tolerant

Which type of cable consists of a thin strand of glass that transmits pulsating beams of light rather than electric current?

Fiber-optic

Many thieves use the temptation of free (illegal) software on ___ services to lure individuals into downloading malware.

File-sharing

Today, the term ___ generally refers to an individual who uses a computer and/or network to commit a variety of crimes.

Hacker

___ robots are those that are created to imitate the appearance or capabilities of humans.

Humanoid

Employers can check ___ periodically to determine whether there was inappropriate computer use by an employee.

Logs

Data ___ is the discovery of new patterns or relationships between data.

Mining

Which of the following statements about recycling and reducing waste is FALSE?

Most organizations have found that going paperless is worse for the environment and for their productivity than their previous paper-based systems.

Which of the following statements regarding employee monitoring is FALSE?

Most types of employee monitoring and Internet restrictions at the workplace are illegal.

Which of the following is a government agency that has the capability to monitor the Internet and mobile activities of individuals?

NSA

___ allow users to communicate and share information between computers and various devices.

Networks

Which of the follows companies does NOT offer digital movie rentals?

Pandora

Which strategy involves luring individuals into entering personal information into a website that is controlled by a hacker?

Phishing

Acquiring or exchanging copies of protected digital creations without payment to or permission from their creator is known as:

Piracy

Which of the following is used by many online companies to describe what information is collected from users and what is done with that information?

Privacy Policy

Which browser feature will delete your history, cache, and cookies the moment you close the special window?

Private browsing

The ___ of a network is the logical layout of the cables and devices that connect the nodes of the network.

Topology

Which type of malware disguises itself as an interesting, useful, or desirable program in order to gain access to your system?

Trojan Horse

A popular way for both individuals and businesses to increase the security of a network connection (via tunneling) is by using a(n):

VPN

A(n) ___ is the connection of two or more central computers or local area networks, generally across a wide geographical area.

WAN

There are three general strategies used to authenticate individuals. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Who you know

Which type of malware consists of a fully-contained program that self-replicates and spreads through computers and networks?

Worm

___, which refers to repeated hostile behavior with intent to harm another, has led to many teenagers seeking therapy or even committing suicide.

Cyberbullying

___ refers to technology that protects copyrighted material, such as copy protection and authenticity checks.

DRM (Digital Rights Management)

Which of the following terms refers to the technology gap between different social and economic classes?

Digital divide

___ can clog cooling systems such as fans, which in turn may cause hardware to overheat.

Dust

___ is a standard for LANs that uses a star topology with twisted-pair cables that plug into the RJ45 port located on many devices.

Ethernet

___ is the philosophical study of morality. It is a rational analysis of the voluntary, moral choices that individuals make.

Ethics

A(n) ___ system is a type of information system that performs analytical tasks traditionally done by a human, typically by using information contained in a knowledge base.

Expert

The ___ of a website or forum contains common questions and their responses.

FAQ

What is the name given to the limited set of circumstances where others can use portions of copyrighted material without first obtaining permission?

Fair use

An approach to artificial intelligence that allows a machine to learn a new skill via the repeated analysis of large quantities of data is known as:

Neural network

Networks use media to carry data from one ___, or connection point, to another.

Node

Today, our ___ behavior can either impact or be visible to thousands (or even millions) of individuals and businesses around the globe.

Online

When companies engage in ___ they are essentially transferring some aspect(s) of their business to a third party.

Outsourcing

___ are pieces of a message broken down into small units by the sending device and reassembled by the receiving device.

Packets

For those who have lost a limb, engineers have developed robotic ___ that can perform a variety of movements by simply projecting a thought to them.

Prosthetics

Machines that communicate over a network must follow certain rules, or ___, to ensure that the packets are sent, received, and interpreted properly.

Protocols

The wireless access points that are used in homes contain integrated ___, as do the devices that ISPs typically provide for Internet connectivity.

Routers

A(n) ___ is a set of software tools that enables managers to gather, organize, and evaluate information.

MIS (Management Information System)

___ systems can be incrementally expanded to provide increasing amounts of computing power, storage, and/or software when the need arises.

Scalable

The ___ mode on a computer will place it in a low-power state when it is not being used.

Sleep

___ is a form of hacking that focuses on deceiving individuals into giving away the information that the thief needs.

Social Engineering

___ are experts in one or more computer programming languages and have a good understanding of the software that runs on (or manages) various computer systems.

Software engineers

The term ___ describes a wide variety of remote work practices, from working at home occasionally to living in a different country than the company.

Telecommuting