Computer Networks and the Internet Reading Assignment
Select the true statements about Content Delivery Networks (CDN).
CDNs provide more efficient delivery of Internet and Web content because the closer the CDN server is to the user geographically, the faster the content will be delivered. CDNs are geographically distributed network server groups that work together to deliver web pages and other web content to users. PoPs include various caching servers that assist in delivering content to website visitors within its operational proximity.
Cloud services security policies vary by Cloud provider, so it's important to research policies before signing a service level agreement (SLA). Some important questions to ask a vendor about Cloud services security include which of the following? More than one answer may be selected.
Does the vendor go through regular security audits? Does the vendor have any specific security certifications? What type of disaster plans are in place?*
Common methods to connect a LAN to the Internet include which of the following?
Fiber optic cables Coaxial cables Ethernet cables
Select the correct statements about Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).
IaaS helps organizations avoid the cost of acquiring and managing their own physical servers and datacenter architecture. IaaS is an instant computing infrastructure composed of processing, data storage, and a variety of other computing resources provided by a cloud vendor.
Web 3.0 is the next evolution in the development of the World Wide Web and is built to support a variety of applications and services including: (More than one answer may be selected.)
IoT Saas Ubiquitous computing
What are the characteristics of cryptocurrency?
Its value depends largely on the supply and demand for it. It is not issued by a central bank. It is not backed by any assets.
Select all of the correct statements about Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.
Used as a private network communications protocol for private networks including intranets and extranets Covers how software applications communicate across networks and how data packets are assembled and reassembled once they reach their destination A suite of communication protocols (standards/rules/guidelines) used to connect devices to the Internet
Using collaboration software people from across the organization, regardless of their physical location, people can share content in real-time including documents, spreadsheets, videos, and messages. This leads to better ______ , which is one of the benefits of using collaboration software.
collaboration
Geographically distributed network server groups that work together to deliver more efficient delivery of Internet and Web content are called _____ Delivery Networks (CDN).
cotent
Large and small businesses find they can _______ their reliance on internal IT infrastructure and reduce cost by utilizing Cloud-based technologies.
decrease
While there are many benefits of Cloud computing, there are also some disadvantages. One of the disadvantages is _______. This can occur because of maintenance, system/mechanical failure, natural disasters, and outside intrusions/attacks.
downtime
The name "Blockchain" refers to how data are stored using this technology. Blockchain stores transaction data in blocks. Each block in the blockchain contains a _____ that is a digital fingerprint or unique identifier that helps to create secure transactions.
hash
An instant computing infrastructure composed of processing, data storage, and a variety of other computing resources provided by a Cloud vendor to assist in running an organization's information systems is referred to as ______ as a Service.
infrastructure
In order to connect to the Internet and other computers on a network, each device must have a network ______ card (NIC) installed.
interface
A type of network that connects devices at a single site within a limited geographic range is called a ______ area networks.
local
A group of two or more devices/computers connected together to allow for the exchange of information and for the sharing of resources is call a _____.
network
A collaboration hub that aims to replace email and make communication seamless, ______ is composed of channels where teams and members of the organization can communicate.
slack
There are a number of Cloud service vendors that provide a variety of Cloud services. Generally, Cloud computing services are classified in three ways: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and _____ as a Service (SaaS).
software
Put these steps in the proper order to explain communication over the Internet.
1. Assemble the data packet. 2. Correct domain name is identified (e.g., www.amazon.com). A domain name is a unique name affiliated with an IP address. 3. Look up IP address. Domain name system (DNS) are used to simplify the process. 4. IP (Internet Protocol) Address is added to the packet. 5. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). TCP is an Internet protocol that ensures delivery of packets. 6. Message is sent/shipped using a variety of different carriers (ISPs). Often message "hop" or move from one network to another.
Put the steps of cellular communication (placing a call on a cellular network) in the correct order, starting with placing a call.
1. Place the call. 2. Your phone converts your voice into an electrical signal that is transmitted via radio waves to the nearest cell tower. 3. Once the call is received by the nearest tower it is relayed to a system/network of cell towers where it is then converted and received by the phone you were calling. 4. When the person on the other phone accepts the call and begins to speak, the person's voice is converted to an electrical signal that is sent back through the network.
The next evolution in the development of the World Wide Web, Web _______ will include many features and tools that allow individuals to make better use of the billions of web pages on the Internet, the wide array of smartphone applications, and to make the best use of the Internet of Things (IoT).
3
The next generation of mobile connectivity that will provide faster data transfer speeds and enhanced connection reliability. Is called _______ G. It is the fifth-generation wireless technology for digital cellular networks that began wide deployment in 2019.
5
Select what's true about how 5G connectivity will support IoT. More than one answer may be selected.
5G connectivity will allow for greater data capacity. 5G connectivity will allow for faster connection speeds, greater data capacity, and lower latency. 5G connectivity will allow for lower latency.
Select the potential applications/benefits of 5G networks. More than one answer may be selected.
5G networks may eventually allow for autonomous vehicles to safely interact with each other and their environment. 5G connectivity has the potential to create truly connected cities. 5G connectivity will greatly improve what businesses and individuals can do with connected devices.
Select what's true about Cloud computing in today's business environment. More than one answer may be selected.
70% of global businesses backup some portion of their data using a Cloud service provider. In the United States, 96% of all organizations use the Cloud in one form or another. 93% of small businesses backup some portion of their data using a Cloud provider.
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) are commonly used by organizations to securely send communications. Select the correct statements about VPNs.
A VPN creates a secure connection between two computers. VPN software authenticates the users and establishes a secure connection. Used by organizations whose employees need access to a company network remotely.
Put In order to a new block to be added to the blockchain, four criteria must be met. Put the steps of adding a new block to the blockchain in the correct order.
A transaction must take place Transaction verification Transaction storage Adding a hash
Offers a broad set of global Cloud-based products including compute, storage, databases, analytics, networking, mobile, developer tools, management tools, IoT, security, and enterprise solutions. Offers a suite of modular Cloud computing services including data storage, data analytics, computing, and machine learning. Google also offers serverless computing, IaaS, and PaaS. Offers a range of flexible Cloud infrastructure services including Cloud servers, cloud block storage, private cloud network, cloud firewall, and fully managed Cloud. Offers cloud solutions for Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP).
Amazon Web Services (AWS) Google Cloud Kamatera Performance Cloud Salesforce
Transmits cell phone signals to the cellular system's mobile switching station. Controls all the transmissions between cellular phone towers and their base transceiver stations. Allow smartphones to receive an analog sound wave, such as a person's voice, and convert it to a digital signal that can be processed and stored by a computer. A small computer within your smartphone that analyzes the sounds entering your phone through the analog/digital converter.
Base Transceiver Station (BTS) Mobile Switching Station Analog-Digital Converter (ADC) Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
People from across the organization, regardless of their physical location, can share content in real-time including documents, spreadsheets, videos, and messages. Collaboration software allows project leads the ability to create the plan and schedule and share this with all members of the team. Engaging remote employees can be a challenge. Collaboration software helps to create engagement by allowing remote and organization-based employees the ability to exchange and interact. Scheduling activities can easily be added and updated in the software. Remote team members are actively engaged in workflow, duties, and processes due to the real-time nature of the software.
Better Communication Project Management Capabilities Improved Engagement Streamlined Workflow
Blockchain makes changing any information in a contract almost impossible. This proves to be advantageous for businesses that are dealing with multiple contracts. The encryption used in Blockchain makes it ideal for monetary transactions. Also, blockchain eliminates the need for banks to handle monetary transactions. Blockchain allows shippers and customers to verify with almost absolute certainty where items and goods are along the supply chain thus removing guesswork and inefficiencies. Blockchain can be used to trace mistakes and errors in manufacturing back to the point of origin.
Business Contracts Monetary Transactions Supply Chain Management Quality Assurance
Select all of the characteristics of that explain how the Internet works.
Data on the Internet is usually stored on specialized computers called servers. The connections points in the Internet are called nodes. Data is transferred from one network to another network through hardware called routers.
Handles the physical parts of sending and receiving data. Data can be sent via wireless networks, Ethernet cable, network interface cards (NIC), etc. Controls the movement of packets throughout the network Divides data into packets and acknowledges the packets have been received The group of applications that require network communication and are used by people to facilitate communication. These include email and messaging applications
Datalink Internet Transport Application
Collaboration software is designed to enhance the productivity of teams, groups, and organizations. Select the correct statements about collaboration software.
Dedicated workspaces are viewable and editable (based on assigned privileges) by users regardless of their physical location Many of today's collaboration software programs are cloud-based, removing the need to users to have specific software download on a device. Allows for the creation of a dedicated workspace where users can add data and workflows.
Cloud services are subject to planned and unplanned downtime. Downtime can occur because of maintenance, system/mechanical failure, natural disasters, and outside intrusions/attacks. Cloud service providers do their best to implement the best security measures they can. These security measures often align with security and governmental standards. Cloud infrastructure is owned, managed, controlled, and monitored by the Cloud service provider. This means the customer often has little control over cloud service processes and procedures. Also known as vendor lock-in, vendor agreements make switching between cloud services somewhat difficult. A vendor agreement is a signed contract with the Cloud service provider for their services.
Downtime Security Limited Control Vendor Agreements
Select the true statements about sending information on the Internet.
Each device connecting to the Internet or a network must have a network interface card (NIC) installed. Devices connect to the Internet or a network using network cables or wireless technologies. Modems and routers are connected to the Internet via an Internet Service Provider (ISP).
Created in 2015, ______ is the second most valuable cryptocurrency after Bitcoin. Its cryptocurrency is called an Ether.
Ethereum
Networks will support 500 mbps to 10 Gbps of download speed. Speeds vary by location and carrier. At the top end, that's over 100 times the speed of 4G. Allows for more high-demand devices to connect over single network. This means more people can transmit data at the same time. On 4G networks, the time that passes when a device is asked to perform a task to when it is completed is between 40-50 milliseconds. It is estimated 5G can reduce this by 75%.
Faster Connection/Data Transfer Speeds Greater Capacity Lower Latency
Allows for the access of data, files, and programs when you are off-site or at home via web-enabled devices. Reduces expenditures on IT infrastructure and hard disk space. Enables organizations to communicate and share data/information more efficiently. Collaboration is facilitated because multiple users can share and work on files at the same time. Makes data backup and recovery easier because critical data are stored offsite and in multiple locations.
Flexibility Cost savings Collaboration Disaster recovery
Which of the following are examples of Software as a Service (Saas)? More than one answer may be selected.
Google apps Smartsheet Microsoft Office 365
Which of the following are benefits of Cloud computing? More than one answer may be selected.
It can provide virtual applications software. There is significant storage capacity. Broad network access
What are two characteristics of cryptocurrency?
It has a fluctuating price. It is not portable.
Which of the following are considered a basic type of computer network? You may select more than one.
Local area network (LAN) Personal area network (PAN) Wide area network (WAN)
Select what is true about computer networks. More than one answer may be selected.
Networks range in size from small home networks to the Internet, which is the world's largest network Computer networks support many different software applications A network is a group of two or more devices/computers connected together
Connect devices around an individual. PANs typically involve laptops, tablets, and smartphones. Connect a variety of devices at a single site such as an office or retail store. Connect a variety of devices between two or more geographic locations. Connect LANs, WANs, and other internets together.
PAN LAN WAN Internets
Cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a single organization comprising multiple consumers, e.g., business units). The Cloud infrastructure is provisioned for open use by the general public. It may be owned, managed, and operated by a business, academic, or government organization, or some combination of them. The Cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more distinct Cloud infrastructures that remain unique entities but are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology. Cloud infrastructure for exclusive use by a specific community of consumers from organizations that have shared concerns (mission, security requirements, policy and compliance).
Private cloud Public cloud Hybrid cloud Community cloud
Which of the following functions are provided by an Internet Service Provider (ISP)? More than one answer may be selected.
Provide an Internet Protocol (IP) address Provide access or a gateway to the resources on the Internet Your ISP pays for access to the Internet
Which of the following services are often provided by Platform as a Service (PaaS) vendors. More than one answer may be selected.
Provide mobile software development kits (SDKs) that assist in app development. Hosting of hardware and software Multi-language program development
Examples of Internet of Things (IoT) devices include which of the following? More than one answer may be selected.
Smart Speakers Smart TVs Home Security Cameras
An online project management software solution. This software focuses on the collaborative aspects of project management. You can create web forms and sheets (similar to a spreadsheet). A collaboration hub that aims to replace email and make communication seamless. This software is composed of channels where teams and members of the organization can communicate. A collaboration tool that organizes projects into boards. This creates a visual representation of what's being worked on, who's doing the work, and where something is in a process.
Smartsheet Slack Trello
IP address that are permanently assigned. Four-decimal notation such as 182.124.7.9. This allows for approximately 4 billion IPv4 addresses. Uses a format such as 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 and can accommodate at least 340 undecillion addresses. Allows IP addresses to be translated in to recognizable words which are much easier to remember than a set of numbers.
Static IP address IPv4 IPv6 Domain Name System (DNS)
Which of the following are correct statements about web services? More than one answer may be selected.
Web services are a set of software technologies that are able to exchange information with each other using standardized web communication protocols and languages. Web services can be used to create apps that link different systems of different organizations and to build open-standard based web applications. Web services allow for the exchange of information between two systems and are not tied to any one operating system or programming language.
Created in 2008, ____ remains the most widely traded and respected cryptocurrency. No one truly knows who created it, but the creator of the cryptocurrency goes by the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto.
bitcoin
Allowing people to share a digital ledger across a network of computers, ______ uses computer code to create concatenated (linked together) blocks of transactions.
blockchain
Serving as the technology behind cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, _______ provides a level playing field for all users.
blockchain
Software and technologies that uses computer code that creates concatenated (linked together) blocks of transactions ______ allows people to share a digital ledger across a network of computers. There is no need for a central source of control because no single entity has the ability to tamper with the records.
blockchain
A computing model where processing, storage, software, applications, and a variety of services are provided over a network, mainly access via the Internet is called ________ computing.
cloud
Also referred to as Cloud security, _______ services security includes policies, procedures, controls, and hardware that work together to ensure cloud-based systems are secure. Measures put into place to ensure the Cloud service is secure include data protection, regulatory compliance, customer privacy protection, and authentication rules for users and devices.
cloud
Designed to enhance the productivity of teams, groups, and organizations. ______ software allows for the creation of a dedicated workspace where users can add data and workflows.
collaboration
There are many benefits of Cloud computing. One of the benefits is _________ that enables organizations to communicate and share data/information more efficiently and is facilitated because multiple users can share and work on files at the same time.
collaboration
In the broadest sense, the ______ of Things refers to everything connected to the Internet. It allows billions of devices to be connected to the Internet and is increasingly being used to define objects connected to the Internet that talk to each other including sensors, wearable technology, and smartphones.
internet
Web services are a set of software technologies that are able to exchange information with each other using standardized web communication protocols and languages. One of the technologies on which web services are based is XML. XML stands for Extensible ______ Language.
markup
A Cloud-based computing model where Cloud service providers offer hardware and software tools need for application/software development via the Internet is called _______ as a Service. These vendors host the hardware and software needed for development on their own infrastructure that removes the need for developers to install this on their own devices.
platform
According to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) there are four Cloud computing deployment models. ________ Cloud is a Cloud deployment model where Cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a single organization comprising multiple consumers, e.g., business units). It may be owned, managed, and operated by the organization, a third party, or some combination of them, and may exist on or off premises.
private
The number that is assigned to all information technology devices (routers, modems, etc.) which identifies the device and allows the device the ability to communicate with each other on a computer network, including the Internet is called an Internet ______ address.
protocol
A Cloud-based service offered by vendors and hosted on a vendor's cloud that allows users to access a software application using a web browser and Internet connection is referred to as Software as a ______.
service
A type of network that creates a secure connection between two computers is a _______ private network that allows for encrypted communications using the Internet for data transmission and communication.
virtual
