Concepts Test 3

Reliability of the results

Which issue is most concerning while reviewing nursing research literature? Cost of the study Reliability of the results Credentials of the researchers Avenue of dissemination

Vaccination mandates

Which issue would be considered under the field of bioethics? Vaccination mandates Drug diversion Nurse credentialing Recruitment of research subjects

Henderson

Which theorist's philosophy would align with the nurse who helps the patient who cannot complete activities on their own? Peplau Nightingale Henderson Watson

Enables generalizability of solutions

Which trait differentiates research from problem-solving? Used to solve a unique problem Enables generalizability of solutions Derives outcome based on common sense Lacks framework for guidance

Evaluative beliefs

Which type of belief would be defined as judging a behavior as good or bad? Existential beliefs Evaluative beliefs Prescriptive beliefs Proscriptive beliefs

Right versus right

Which type of decision would a nurse weigh when facing an ethical dilemma? Wrong versus right Right versus wrong Right versus right Wrong versus wrong

Respect one's ability to make their own decisions.

Which would describe the ethical principle of autonomy? Act in a manner that will help others. Respect one's ability to make their own decisions. Do not harm anyone intentionally. Resolve ethical conflicts or dilemmas.

Patient Care Partnership

Which written guidelines were created to ensure consumers had more participation in the healthcare decisions made while hospitalized? American with Disabilities Act Patient Care Partnership Patient Bill of Rights Pregnant Patient's Bill of Rights

The nurse considers the impact on the unit and possible disciplinary action if they miss work.

A nurse considers missing a scheduled shift so they can attend a concert. Which action would be completed in the choosing step of the valuing process? The nurse shows up to work as scheduled. The nurse asks a friend to switch shifts instead. The nurse considers the impact on the unit and possible disciplinary action if they miss work. The nurse feels like a team player for choosing work instead of attending the concert.

A nurse's experiences during the pandemic

A study conducted on which topic would be identified as an example of qualitative research? A nurse's experiences during the pandemic Correlation between diet and sleep patterns Age groups that experience homelessness Effectiveness of smoking bans in reducing deaths

Develop regression toward basic needs

According to the concept of adaptation, nurses would expect patients to have which response when hospitalized? Develop regression toward basic needs Focus on achieving self-actualization Exhibit attitudes consistent with their home life Experience feelings of securement

Using trial and error Practicing age-old traditions Relying on intuition

Before evidence-based practice (EBP), which strategy was adopted for planning the delivery of care? Select all that apply. Conducting research studies Using trial and error Practicing age-old traditions Relying on intuition Implementing tested theories

Environment People Nursing Health

Belief of which element would be a basis for most nursing philosophies? Select all that apply. Environment People Nursing Health Medicine

Nurses must understand research protocols to commit to evidence-based practice.

For which reason would principles of research be taught in undergraduate nursing courses? Being familiar with principles of research will remove the shortage of nursing researchers. Nurses must understand research protocols to commit to evidence-based practice. It will prepare nurses for postgraduate-level education. Nurses need to be familiar with research principles to pass the NCLEX exam.

ANA Code of Ethics for Nursing with Interpretive Statements

In which document would a nurse find the most up to date information about professional values with considerations of contemporary social issues? Florence Nightingale Pledge ANA Code of Ethics for Nursing with Interpretive Statements ICN Code of Ethics Preamble ANA Scope and Standards of Practice

Reading current relevant research

In which research activity would all nurses be expected to participate? Reading current relevant research Presenting at nursing conferences Collaborating with nurse researchers Replicating earlier research studies

Offer solutions to clinical problems Help develop new research questions Improve patient outcomes Build nursing knowledge

In which way do research studies prove to be advantageous for practicing nurses? Select all that apply. Offer solutions to clinical problems Introduce traditional ideas and theories Help develop new research questions Improve patient outcomes Build nursing knowledge

Match each essential element of the moral courage model (CODE) to its description.- Courage Considers values and beliefs the ethical principles at stake-Obligations to honor Rehearse how they will address the situation and speak up to manage fear-Danger management Determines what action is required to maintain integrity- Expression and action

Match each essential element of the moral courage model (CODE) to its description. Match each essential element of the moral courage model (CODE) to its description. Considers values and beliefs the ethical principles at stake Rehearse how they will address the situation and speak up to manage fear Determines what action is required to maintain integrity Obligations to honor Courage Danger management Expression and action

Adult inpatients below the age of 50 with a peripheral intravenous catheter- Population of interest Use of saline to flush the peripheral IV- Intervention Heparin flushes and saline flushes- Comparison Maintain IV patency and decrease phlebitis over 48 hours- Outcome

Match the PICOT element to its corresponding part. Adult inpatients below the age of 50 with a peripheral intravenous catheter Use of saline to flush the peripheral IV Heparin flushes and saline flushes Maintain IV patency and decrease phlebitis over 48 hours Intervention Outcome Comparison 12 weeks Population of interest

Drinking alcohol is immoral.- Evaluative belief People should not spank their children.- Proscriptive belief Adults and children should eat fruits and vegetables every day.- Prescriptive belief Smoking cigarettes causes lung cancer.- Descriptive belief

Match the category of belief with the appropriate statement. Drinking alcohol is immoral. People should not spank their children. Adults and children should eat fruits and vegetables every day. Smoking cigarettes causes lung cancer. Evaluative belief Prescriptive belief Descriptive belief Proscriptive belief

Comprises four major nursing concepts person, environment, health and nursing- Metaparadigm Set of beliefs that connect some or all of the concepts of nursing- Philosophy Organizational structure provides clearer connections between concepts- Conceptual model Statements that propose an outcome that is testable- Proposition

Match the common theoretical term to the correct description. Comprises four major nursing concepts person, environment, health and nursing Set of beliefs that connect some or all of the concepts of nursing Organizational structure provides clearer connections between concepts Statements that propose an outcome that is testable Philosophy Metaparadigm Conceptual model Proposition

What kind of person should I be?- Virtue What kind of outcomes should I produce?- Consequentialist What are my obligations in the situation?- Duty

Match the deliberative process with the correct ethical theory. What kind of person should I be? What kind of outcomes should I produce? What are my obligations in the situation? Virtue Duty Consequentialist

Serves as a data collector for a team of researchers- Bachelor's degree (BSN) Reproduces a research study under different conditions- Master's degree (MSN) Collaborates to find solutions to current healthcare problems- Doctor of nursing practice (DNP) Seeks out and obtains external funding- Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Match the educational background with the involvement in the research process. Serves as a data collector for a team of researchers Reproduces a research study under different conditions Collaborates to find solutions to current healthcare problems Seeks out and obtains external funding Doctor of nursing practice (DNP) Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Master's degree (MSN) Nursing Diploma Bachelor's degree (BSN) Associate's degree (ADN)

Specific issues like allowing a natural death, and capital punishment- Applied ethics Universal truths, and where and how ethical principles are developed- Metaethics Moral standards that regulate behaviors- Normative ethics

Match the ethic type to its focus area. Specific issues like allowing a natural death, and capital punishment Universal truths, and where and how ethical principles are developed Moral standards that regulate behaviors Applied ethics Normative ethics Metaethics

The processes used to convert raw materials into a useable form- Throughput The raw material that enters a system- Input Product of the system- Output Information given back to the system- Feedback

Match the system component with the correct definition. The processes used to convert raw materials into a useable form The raw material that enters a system Product of the system Information given back to the system Input Output Throughput Feedback

Self-actualization Esteem needs Social needs Safety needs Physiological needs

Place in order Maslow's human needs from the highest to the lowest level. Physiological needs Social needs Esteem needs Safety needs Self-actualization

Recognizes that courage is necessary to maintain integrity Considers their values and beliefs, the ethical principles at stake with the situation Identifies strategies to manage the fear of repercussions when maintaining integrity and managing danger Determines the action required to maintain integrity while considering personal values and beliefs

Place in order the steps of the model by Lachman related to moral courage. Considers their values and beliefs, the ethical principles at stake with the situation Determines the action required to maintain integrity while considering personal values and beliefs Identifies strategies to manage the fear of repercussions when maintaining integrity and managing danger Recognizes that courage is necessary to maintain integrity

Identify a researchable problem. Conduct literature review. Create a research question. Design the study. Implement the study. Interpret and disseminate results.

Place the steps of a research process in the correct order. Design the study Implement the study Create a research question Interpret and disseminate results Conduct literature review Identify a researchable problem

Preventing violation of participants' rights

The institutional review board (IRB) fulfills which significant role for research studies conducted on humans? Assisting with research design creation Reviewing the results of the study Awarding competitive research grants Preventing violation of participants' rights

Holding a person's hand during a conversation Introducing them to a patient with the same condition Providing printed instructions about their disease Providing free samples of prescribed medication Encouraging attendance of monthly cancer support meetings

Which action demonstrates social support for a patient newly diagnosed with breast cancer? Select all that apply. Holding a person's hand during a conversation Introducing them to a patient with the same condition Providing printed instructions about their disease Providing free samples of prescribed medication Encouraging attendance of monthly cancer support meetings

Collaborating across disciplines

Which action is related to building knowledge when developing and testing a theory? Forming clinical judgments based on evidence Generating effective interventions Collaborating across disciplines Evaluating the importance of data

Creating a healing environment

Which action supports Watson's philosophy? Creating a healing environment Ensuring adequate sleep and rest Maintaining cleanliness of the body Recording eaten food and drink

Viewing a co-worker's post detailing a unique patient care situation

Which action would likely pose an ethical challenge for a nurse on social media? Joining a group dedicated to nurses in their specialty for support Receiving a request to connect with one of their charge nurses Creating videos to help nursing students learn a challenging concept Viewing a co-worker's post detailing a unique patient care situation

Gather more data after clarifying the problem.

Which approach to ethical decision-making would increase the likelihood of finding an acceptable solution? Limit the number of solutions for discussion. Gather more data after clarifying the problem. Refuse to decide if disagreement occurs. If the dilemma is unresolved, recruit a new group of decision-makers.

Determine the patient's cultural health beliefs.

Which approach would the nurse take in planning care for a patient with different cultural beliefs? Use practices that worked for other patients with similar background. Follow the nurse's norms until the patient mentions other preferences. Determine the patient's cultural health beliefs. Defer to a nurse who has a similar background to provide care for the patient.

Person Environment Health

Which basic concept is essential to the foundation of nursing? Select all that apply. Person Education Environment Health Professionalism

Sense of powerlessness

Which behavior would a nurse most likely display while facing moral distress? Empathy Engagement in patient care situations Increased moral sensitivity Sense of powerlessness

Nurturing of children by different people More support for elderly people Increased help for those with disabilities

Which benefit would be associated with extended family living arrangements? Select all that apply. Availability of more job opportunities Nurturing of children by different people More support for elderly people Increased personal space Increased help for those with disabilities

Ethics

Which branch of philosophy would be concerned with standards of conduct? Epistemology Logic Ethics Politics

Physical Emotional Developmental Psychosocial

Which category of need aligns with Henderson's philosophy? Select all that apply. Physical Environmental Caring Emotional Developmental Psychosocial

Documentation of competency in nursing Remorse for leaving the nursing field in their home country Bias against their cultural preferences Communication barriers

Which challenge would likely be faced by migrant nurses in the Unites States of America? Select all that apply. Decrease in autonomy Documentation of competency in nursing Remorse for leaving the nursing field in their home country Bias against their cultural preferences Communication barriers

Living systems are open systems.

Which characteristic would accurately describe systems? Systems are static in nature. The system as a whole is the same as the sum of its parts. Living systems are open systems. A system is made up of independent parts.

Evaluates effect of interventions on participants

Which characteristic would be associated with an experimental research design? Referred to as "descriptive" Design is quantitative or qualitative Evaluates effect of interventions on participants Provides a single approach to design

Collaboration is required to complete the process.

Which characteristic would describe the ethical decision-making process? There are six steps that are always followed in order. Each step must be followed in a specific manner. The decision-making process is passive. Collaboration is required to complete the process.

Education Skill development Practice and feedback Social support

Which component has been identified as necessary for someone to implement effective lifestyle changes? Select all that apply. Education Deadlines Skill development Practice and feedback Social support

Another qualified nurse must assume care of the patient.

Which condition would need to be met for a nurse to declare a conscientious objection to a patient care situation? The nurse must document their ethical decision-making process. The provider must agree with the objection. Another qualified nurse must assume care of the patient. The patient must agree with the nurse's decision.

Ensuring access to clean air and water

Which initiative aligns with Nightingale's philosophy? Ensuring access to clean air and water Providing adequate food and drink Establishing opportunities for worship Encouraging communication with others

Higher intellect Creation of conflict in settings Shared decision-making processes

Which condition would stimulate higher levels of moral development? Select all that apply. Higher intellect Independent participation Creation of conflict in settings Shared decision-making processes Stages that are not sequential nor built on each other

Patients with the same healthcare needs should be treated equally.

Which description of the ethical principle of justice would be correct? Healthcare is a privilege reserved for those who can afford it. Certain healthcare problems should receive more financial resources. Patients with the same healthcare needs should be treated equally. Healthcare providers have a duty to do no harm.

Expectations for hospitalization Involvement in self-care Help with understanding the bill Discharge planning

Which description would be included in the Patient Care Partnership? Select all that apply. Expectations for hospitalization Admission agreement to hospital Involvement in self-care Help with understanding the bill Permission to photograph form Discharge planning

The individual's system is dependent on environmental factors.

Which description would be most appropriate for a person in relation to systems? A person has a minimal amount of subsystems. The individual may be an open or closed system. Every person has the same set of subsystems. The individual's system is dependent on environmental factors.

Create their own morality Ignore both self-interest and group norms

Which description would define how individuals display the post conventional level of moral reasoning? Select all that apply. Create their own morality Make moral choices based on what is pleasing to others Able to define their moral values Ignore both self-interest and group norms Respond to punishment Inattentive to societal norms

Physiology

Which discipline of knowledge would be included in a nursing course related to the natural sciences? Physiology Healthcare economics Sociology Statistical analysis

Background

Which element of the Situational Briefing Model (SBAR) would provide context of the situation? Situation Recommendation Assessment Background

Nursing units Laboratory Environmental services

Which entity would be considered a subsystem in a hospital? Select all that apply. Nursing units Laboratory Government officials Surrounding city Environmental services

Raised in an extended family

Which environmental factor would be most influential on a person's development into adulthood? Resides in an urban area Completes college degree Raised in an extended family Follows a religion with conservative beliefs

Results of research studies Patient values Clinician's expertise Patient's preferences

Which factor would likely be used for making clinical decisions based on evidence-based practice? Select all that apply. Results of research studies Patient values Clinician's expertise Patient's preferences Traditional practices

Daily diet Availability of electricity and water Last medical screening appointment date Mode of transportation Housing accommodations

Which factor would the nurse assess to determine how poverty is affecting the patient's health? Select all that apply. Daily diet Availability of electricity and water Last medical screening appointment date Mode of transportation Housing accommodations Action taken to change their situation

People living in the United States

Which group would describe the targeted population for the Healthy People initiative? People living in the United States People with chronic diseases Public health officials People with low health literacy

Disaster triage

Which healthcare practice would be an example of utilitarianism? Disaster triage Privatized healthcare Rare disease research funding Palliative care

Nonmaleficence is the basis of the Hippocratic Oath. Therapeutic interventions may initially cause harm to the patient. The rule of "double effect" is associated with maleficence. It is defined as the duty to do no harm.

Which information describes the ethical principle of nonmaleficence? Nonmaleficence is the basis of the Hippocratic Oath. Therapeutic interventions may initially cause harm to the patient. There is an unfavorable balance between the desirable and undesirable effects. The rule of "double effect" is associated with maleficence. It is the promoting of good and prevention of harm. It is defined as the duty to do no harm.

The specific concern What makes the situation uncomfortable Potential safety implications

Which information would a nurse communicate using the CUS Method during a moral challenge? Select all that apply. The specific concern What makes the situation uncomfortable Potential safety implications Subjective and objective assessment data Recommendation for resolution Background of the situation

Ideas for related future research studies

Which information would a nurse expect to find in the implications section of a research article? Statistical findings without attached value judgments Comparison of what was expected to what was found Alternative explanations of the findings Ideas for related future research studies

Values give meaning and direction to life. All human beings have many of the same basic values.

Which information would accurately reflect values? Select all that apply. Values give meaning and direction to life. Values stay the same throughout one's lifespan. Individuals are always aware of their values. All human beings have many of the same basic values. Each person has a dozen or more value systems.

A deadline for action

Which information would be communicated by a nursing student during the Recommendation step of the Situational Briefing Model (SBAR)? What the problem is A deadline for action Which options have been ruled out This history of the problem

Veracity is fundamental to the development of trust.

Which information would describe the concept of veracity in nursing? Veracity is fundamental to the development of trust. Veracity is important but not essential for patient communication. Deception is often a necessity when caring for patients. Societal relationships can be built despite some individual deception.

It is difficult to simulate healthcare in a testing environment. Every situation is unique and complex. Results may not represent what is meaningful to patients.

Which limitation applies to research in nursing? Select all that apply. Nursing interventions are challenging to measure quantitively. It is difficult to simulate healthcare in a testing environment. Nurses lack interest in research. Every situation is unique and complex. Results may not represent what is meaningful to patients.

To reflect on professional growth over time

Which motive would be expected with a nurse writing their own formal philosophy of nursing? To set a goal for changing beliefs that are considered outdated To reflect on professional growth over time To develop a new and innovative nursing philosophy To share with peers who have similar values

Calls a compliance hotline to report a concerning behavior by a well-liked provider

Which nurse action would demonstrate moral courage to overcome a situation? Joins a group of like-minded individuals to promote a worthy cause Calls a compliance hotline to report a concerning behavior by a well-liked provider Asks their manager to remove them from a patient assignment that is challenging Keeps their concerns unspoken due to fear of retaliation

Asking a patient why they would like to quit smoking Providing resources to ensure housing security

Which nurse action would help a patient adopt healthy behaviors? Offering patients prizes for losing weight Asking a patient why they would like to quit smoking Focusing education on younger, more impressionable teens Providing resources to ensure housing security Avoiding discussing a behavior that the patient was unsuccessful in changing before

Reducing noise in rooms and halls

Which nursing action would demonstrate an application of Nightingale's philosophy? Creating recreational activities Providing opportunities for movement Reducing noise in rooms and halls Develop a trusting relationship

Making negative assumptions about a patient's cultural practices

Which nursing action would reflect the practice of ethnocentrism? Refusing to connect a patient with resources for cultural support Making negative assumptions about a patient's cultural practices Asking questions to discover more about the patient's beliefs Attending an immersive cultural experience to enrich their nursing practice

"What is the meaning of providing culturally competent patient care?"

Which nursing research question would be expected in the field of metaphysics? "What is nursing knowledge?" "Which nursing interventions do nurses view as beautiful?" "What is the meaning of providing culturally competent patient care?" "How do nurses solve complex problems with clinical reasoning?"

Assisting the patient in activities

Which nursing role would be in alignment with Henderson's philosophy? Creating a caring atmosphere Assisting the patient in activities Maintaining a healthy environment Respecting the patient's perspective and inner knowledge

Provide a nutritious bagged lunch

Which patient need would the nurse address first during health screenings at a shelter for homeless? Refer to support groups Coordinate communication with patient's family Discuss strategies to protect oneself from harm Provide a nutritious bagged lunch

"I still smoke because I read something that only a small percent of smokers even gets lung cancer."

Which patient statement would reflect self-assessment of vulnerability according to Rosenstock's model? "I've tried to quit smoking before, but I didn't stick with it." "I still smoke because I read something that only a small percent of smokers even gets lung cancer." "I've got a lot of health problems that are more serious than anything related to smoking." "I called the quit line after my uncle was just diagnosed with lung cancer."

A person who believes they are in control of their own health

Which patient would be most likely to successfully change a health behavior? A person who believes they are in control of their own health A person who believes their health is in the hands of fate A person who believes their chance of getting sick is low A person who believes they can change behavior without support

A person who learns a friend had a heart attack and decides to stop smoking

Which patient would have experienced a trigger event, according to Rosenstock's health belief model? A person diagnosed with cancer and undergoes surgery A person who lost weight and rewards themselves with new shoes A person who cannot afford their medication and their blood pressure increases A person who learns a friend had a heart attack and decides to stop smoking

A patient who controls blood pressure with medication

Which patient would most likely be in a state of homeostasis? A patient who controls blood pressure with medication A patient who copes with stress by drinking alcohol A patient who experiences hypothermia after being outside A patient with nausea who reports 0/10 pain after taking codeine

Obtaining research funding Aligning with established frameworks Recruiting participants Demonstrating generalizability Receiving review board approval

Which potential challenge would the primary investigator of an innovative research topic experience? Select all that apply. Obtaining research funding Aligning with established frameworks Recruiting participants Demonstrating generalizability Receiving review board approval

To create self-awareness of their values

Which purpose would be associated with a nurse completing a values clarification exercise? To create self-awareness of their values To compare individual values with those of the ANA To ensure the nurse acts ethically in various situations To build a stronger relationship with their supervisor

Simplifying the literature review process

Which purpose would be served by using the PICOT process in evidence-based practice (EBP)? Standardizing the dissemination of results Assigning team roles on an evidence-based project Simplifying the literature review process Exploring potential unit-based issues

"What are the experiences of nursing students during their final semester?"

Which question would be posed by a qualitative researcher examining nursing students in their final semester of school? "What are the experiences of nursing students during their final semester?" "Is guided meditation or music therapy more effective in reducing stress among nursing students in their final semester?" "What are the relationships between age, gender, and coping skills among nursing students in their final semester?" "What is the distribution of grades among nursing students in their final semester?"

Purpose of the study Potential risks Participation-related information Privacy practices

Which question would be posed by a qualitative researcher examining nursing students in their final semester of school? Purpose of the study Potential risks Participation-related information Privacy practices Data collection protocol

To guide nursing practice To meet accreditation requirements To encourage effectiveness in the workforce To reflect what the organization stands for

Which reason would influence a hospital to develop a collective philosophy? To guide nursing practice To meet accreditation requirements To communicate policies and procedures To encourage effectiveness in the workforce To reflect what the organization stands for

Using evidence to guide decision-making Determining which data is important Planning interventions to meet patient needs Evaluating patient outcomes

Which role does theory play in professional nursing? Select all that apply. Using evidence to guide decision-making Determining which data is important Diagnosing medical problems Planning interventions to meet patient needs Evaluating patient outcomes

A researcher and bedside nurse test new theories in the laboratory based on patient presentations.

Which scenario exemplifies a translational research approach? The scientist makes a groundbreaking discovery and presents the findings at a conference. The provider reads about a new treatment in a journal and offers it to the patient. An evidence-based protocol is followed by the nurse to guide their practice decisions. A researcher and bedside nurse test new theories in the laboratory based on patient presentations.

Charge nurse plans out shift assignment based on the staffing.

Which situation requires problem-solving instead of research to guide nursing practice decisions? Nurse manager identifies the benefits of bedside shift report. Charge nurse plans out shift assignment based on the staffing. Bedside nurse conducts a literature review to find new ideas for reducing anxiety during a procedure. Nurse educator presents updated procedures for blood transfusions based on new guidelines.

National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)

Which source of research funding is considered the most competitive? National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) American Nurses Foundation Sigma Theta Tau State and local nursing associations

Patients Literature reviews Theoretical frameworks Bedside nurses Conferences

Which source would be used for identifying nursing research ideas? Patients Literature reviews Theoretical frameworks Bedside nurses Conferences

Original writings by the theorist

Which source would best determine how concepts connect to a developed theory? Original writings by the theorist Articles written by other scholars Explanatory or interpretive articles Faculty and practicing nurses

Health depends on the interrelationship of physical, mental, and social constructs. An individual's experience of health is continuous with daily variability. Change and growth contribute to an individual's perception of health.

Which statement accurately describes the concept of health? Select all that apply. The concept of health is chiefly defined as the absence of illness. Health depends on the interrelationship of physical, mental, and social constructs. An individual's experience of health is continuous with daily variability. Those experiencing illness are pointedly categorized as being ill or not ill. Change and growth contribute to an individual's perception of health.

Reflect what is important and influence behavior choices

Which statement would describe the concept of values? Are process oriented Learned over time and are influenced by life experiences and culture Reflect what is important and influence behavior choices Involves application of ethical theories and principles

Staff must be appropriately educated in order to provide the correct information to patients and families

Which statement would describe the requirement of organizations receiving Medicare or Medicaid funds according to the Patient Self-Determination Act? Documentation of an advance directive is recommended but not required in the medical record. Staff must be appropriately educated in order to provide the correct information to patients and families All members of the community must have an advanced directive. Patient education is consistent nationwide as all states have the same laws related to advanced directives

Seek support from ethics committees in patient care situations causing ethical dilemma

Which statement would reflect the experience of nursing students facing ethical decisions? Find it easy to deal with ethical situations Are able to follow their personal ethical beliefs in the school setting that were shaped by their beliefs, purposes, and attitudes learned in their upbringing Seek support from ethics committees in patient care situations causing ethical dilemma Rely on the values of others

Assess

Which step of the nursing process would be compared to "clarifying the dilemma" in the ethical decision-making model? Assess Analyze Diagnose Plan

Philosophy

Which term describes a theorist's idea on what nursing is and how the world works? Metaparadigm Philosophy Framework Proposition

Kinesthetic

Which term would best describe the acting aspect of the valuing process? Kinesthetic Cognitive Emotional Spiritual

Suprasystem

Which term would best describe the larger environment outside a system? Suprasystem Subsystem Closed system Open system

Gilligan

Which theorist believed that women's relational orientation to the world would shape their moral reasoning differently from that of men? Gilligan Kohlberg De Casterle' Bavier