Content Exam Study Guide

Which of the following educational resources would be most useful for improving the listening comprehension skills of intermediate-level Spanish learners?

a film of medium length in Spanish accompanied by subtitles that are also in Spanish

Which of the following instructional strategies would most effectively minimize fossilization among second-language learners?

asking students to keep a record of spoken and written errors as part of a language portfolio

5 C's

communication, comparisons, communities, connections, cultures-->National "Standards of Foreign Language Learning" -->SFLL developed by ACTFL

Which of the following steps should be taken first when planning differentiated instruction?

defining common class learning goals for the course of the school year

Which of the following strategies would most effectively reduce the number of errors second-language students make due to overgeneralization?

drawing students' attention to exceptions to the grammar rules they learn

Teacher-guided oral drills such as negating affirmative sentences or changing singular forms to plural are most often intended to promote second-language learning by:

enabling students' formation of appropriate linguistic habits

Which of the following statements best reflects the main tenet of sociocultural perspectives on language learning?

language is a tool developed by humans that is passed on from generation to generation

Noam Chomsky's theory of universal grammar best explains how:

language learners are able to correctly express sentences that they have not heard earlier

In an intermediate-level middle school Spanish class, students examine and discuss a variety of map types annotated in Spanish that depict a mountainous region in which Spanish is spoken. This activity best promotes students' ability to

make connections with other disciplines

Spanish students use a class Web site to discuss class topics, submit assignments, and upload music and visual educational materials in Spanish. Using the Web site would be most effective for:

multisensory learning

A Novice-level Spanish student whose first language is English produces the following sentence: "Mi hermana es ocho años." In terms of second-language acquisition, this is an example of:

negative transfer.

Which of the following class activities is most appropriate for early elementary school Spanish students?

playing a game using commands

Which of the following features of the choice board is most supportive of Advanced-level learners?

possibility of doing extra activities

According to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, second-language learning in school is primarily enhanced by which of the following factors?

prior knowledge about the world

Which of the following activities would be most effectively improve the target-language proficiency of heritage learners?

reading informational texts in the target language

A student who participated in a Spanish-language immersion program in the first and second grades in another state joins a third-grade Spanish class at a new elementary school. The student will most likely demonstrate:

relative strength in oral communication but some difficulties in formal writing.

Which of the following observations on second-language acquisition best supports Selinker's interlanguage theory?

A learner's syntax errors are often methodical.

A high school teacher of an intermediate-level Spanish class wants to promote students' ability to compare their own cultures with Spanish-speaking cultures. Which of the following Spanish-language resources would best serve the teacher's objective?

An online brochure of summer vacation ideas

Which of the following is an accurate restatement of Stephen Krashen's acquisition-learning hypothesis?

Language learning and instruction are conscious and intentional activities, while language acquisition occurs on the subconscious level.

3 P's

Products, perspectives, practices

In an intermediate-level middle school Spanish class, the teacher provides students with a copy of an article from a popular teen magazine published in a country where Spanish is considered a national language. Reading and discussing the article would be the most appropriate assignment for which of the following proposes?

Promoting students' ability to make connections between their own cultures and Spanish-speaking cultures

Which of the following assignments would most appropriately assess the listening comprehension skills of elementary-school students in Novice-High-level Spanish class?

Students listen to a recorded children's song in Spanish and answer true-false questions

A teacher of Advanced-level high school Spanish class tasks students with reading an online government publication about the state of the private and public sectors of the economy in a country where Spanish is spoken. Taking notes and discussing the content of the publication would most effectively facilitate which of the following aspects of student growth in regard to Spanish languages and cultures?

gaining understanding of occupations and career common in a country where Spanish is spoken

Compared to field-independent second-language learners, field-dependent second-language learners are more likely to benefit from lesson plans that:

include class discussion and interpersonal activities

The primary advantage of using this type of instructional resource (tic tac toe board with instructions in each square) is that:

it facilitates differentiation of instruction to accommodate all students.