Controls 2 lesson 1

Current can flow from anode to cathode in a diode if it is reversed biased and the ? voltage is reached.

. breakdown

When properly biased, a silicon diode will conduct when more than ? is applied.

0.6 V

When a diode is properly biased to conduct, the depletion region will expand.

False

A semiconductor material with an excess of free electrons is called a(n) ? material.

N-type

A semiconductor material with a deficiency of free electrons is called a(n) ? material.

P-type

? is the process of converting an AC voltage to a DC voltage.

Rectification

The N side of a PN junction diode is referred to as the ? .

cathode

The vertical line on the diode symbol, or the striped end of a diode, denotes the ? .

cathode

The area between the P-type materials and the N-type materials of a single junction PN diode is known as the ? region.

depletion

Adding impurities to a pure material is known as the ? process.

doping

Reverse bias on a diode will cause the depletion region to ? .

expand

The maximum reverse bias voltage a diode can withstand is known as ? voltage.

peak inverse

A ? is a PN junction device which allows reverse current flow when light energy is focused on the P-type material.

photodiode

Since diodes conduct current flow in only one direction, they are commonly used to convert an AC voltage to a(n) ? DC voltage.

pulsating

A photodiode operates with the external voltage source connected in a ? bias mode.

reverse

Zener diodes are designed to operate with a ? bias voltage.

reverse

A(n) ? exhibits characteristics of both insulators and conductors.

semiconductor

Two common semiconductor materials are ? and ? .

silicon / germanium

? are used to determine if a semiconductor device's operational characteristics will be linear or non-linear over a range of voltage, current, or temperature values.

Characteristic curves

A diode is a semiconductor device that allows current to flow in only one direction.

True

When the width of the depletion region changes, in essence the resistance of the PN junction changes.

True

Zener voltage remains reasonably constant over a wide range of zener currents.

True

The negative and positive ions in the depletion region of a silicon diode creates an interior ? voltage of approximately 0.6 volts

barrier

---(a)---|> /-----(b)

a - anode b - cathode

---(a)--| <|-----(b)

a- cathode b- anode

The P side of a PN junction diode is referred to as the ? .

anode

A diode is reversed biased when the ? is connected to the negative side of the external voltage source and the ? is connected to the positive side.

anode / cathode

Excess electrons can be added to intrinsic silicon or germanium by adding impurities such as ? , ? , and ? .

antimony / arsenic / bismuth

To conduct current, the semiconductor diode must be ? biased

forward

A diode exhibits a ? resistance when it is reversed biased and a ? resistance when it is forward biased.

high / low

In an atom that has lost an electron, the place vacated by the free electron is referred to as a(n) ? .

hole

Adding gallium, boron, or indium to pure silicon or germanium will create a material with an excess of ?

holes

A ? radiates energy at wavelengths of the visible light spectrum or in the infrared (non-visible) range when it is forward biased.

light-emitting diode

A graph of device terminal current versus terminal voltage that produces a straight line indicates that resistance is ? through the range of values for voltage and current.

linear

A diode is forward biased when the cathode is connected to the ? side of the external voltage source and the anode is connected to the ? side.

negative / positive

The most common application for a zener diode is ? .

voltage regulation

In a zener diode, the reverse breakdown voltage is referred to as ? voltage

zener