Cram 18: Imperialism by Japan

Meiji rule

LT10: In 1867, the Tokugawa shogun stepped down which brought an end to 600 years of military dictatorship LT11: Emperor Mutsuhito took control of the government & took the title "Meiji" ("enlightened rule")

Modernized Japan

LT12: The Meiji emperor realized the best way to end Western influence was to modernize. LT13: Japan sent diplomats to Europe & America to study Western ways & adapt them to their own country LT14: Japan admired Germany's government & used it as a model to create a new constitution and parliament

Industrialized Japan

LT15: Japanese leaders eagerly supported industrialization & began building modern factories......railroads, steamships, & steel bridges.

Modeling military

LT16: Japan built a modern military by modeling their army after the Germans & their navy after the British

Reformed Japan

LT17: Japanese officials reformed education using models from German, America, & French public schools. Western fashions became popular in Japan. LT18: By 1900, Japan had 7,000 miles of railroad track; thousands of factories; profitable tea, silk, shipbuilding industries; & an modern army & navy.

Missionaries

LT1: European merchants & missionaries first arrived in Japan in the mid-1500s. Japanese shogun enjoyed trade with Europeans & were fascinated by their military & technologies. LT2: But the rapid conversion of Japanese to Christianity worried Tokugawa who banned Christianity in 1619.

Sino-Japanese War

LT20: By the 1890s, Japan saw itself as a modern nation that needed raw materials. Like other industrialized nations, Japan began to imperialize in Asia. LT21: Japan looked to take Korea, but China always had a claim to the land. The dispute with China over Korea resulted in the Sino-Japanese War from 1894 to 1895

Japan's victory

LT22: In a short time, Japan defeated the Chinese army & destroyed their navy. LT23: For their victory, Japan gained Taiwan & spheres of influence in China.

Russo-Japanese War

LT24: After Japan's victory over China, a rivalry developed between Japan & Russia LT25: From 1904 to 1905 Russo-Japanese War began over control of Port Arthur & Manchuria

Western power

LT26: During the war, Japan shocked the world by defeating a western power

Order in Asia

LT27: Japan's victories over China & Russia transformed Japan into the dominant force in Asia LT28: Western nations relied on Japan to keep order in Asia

Japan's imperialism

LT29: Unfortunately, Japanese imperialism surged again in the 1930s & 1940s which became a focal point of World War II

Closed Country Policy

LT3: To protect Japan from European influences, Tokugawa Shogunate banned all foreign merchants & missionaries. LT4: By 1639, Japan adopted a "closed country policy" & Japan entered an era of isolation that lasted for 200 years.

Matthew Perry

LT5: In the early 1800s, Britain, France, Russia, & USA tried to negotiate trade rights in Japan. The Japanese repeatedly refused Western trade. LT6: In 1853, U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry arrived in Tokyo Harbor with 4 well-armed, steamships & demanded that the Japanese trade with the USA. Japan realized they were overmatched.

Treaty of Kanagawa

LT7: When Matthew Perry returned in 1854, Japanese officials signed the Treaty of Kanagawa which opened two ports to American merchants. LT8: By 1860, England, France, the Dutch, Russia, & USA all had unequal treaties & extraterritorial rights in Japan

Open Door Policy

LT8: After the United States Opened the Door to Japanese trade in 1854, other Western powers entered Japan. LT9: Japanese were angry that the shogun had given in to foreigners demands & feared Japan would become as powerless as China