Cranium test

anterior clinoid processes

Sphenoid

foramen ovale

Sphenoid

sella turcica

Sphenoid

Which of the following middle ear structures is considered the most lateral?

malleus

The sutural point or area labeled e is the:

pterion

A radiograph of a lateral projection of the cranium reveals that the orbital roofs (plates) are not superimposed—one is slightly superior to the other. Which of the following positioning errors led to this radiographic outcome?

tilt

The part labeled i is the:

tympanic membrane

Where is the CR centered for a lateral projection of the cranium?

2 inches superior to EAM

How much difference in degrees is there between the OML and the IOML?

7-8 degrees

Which of the following cranial bones does not articulate with the parietal bone?

All of the above articulate with the parietal bone

Multiple myeloma right

Bone tumor originating in the bone marrow

The sutural point or area labeled d is termed:

Bregma

A patient comes to radiology with severe mastoiditis. Which one of the following imaging modalities will best demonstrate possible bony destruction within the mastoid region?

CT

Which of the following imaging modalities may be used to examine a possible cranial bleed caused by trauma?

CT

Paget's disease

Conditions that begins with bony destruction followed by bony repair

Osteolytic neoplasm

Destructive lesion with irregular margins

Perpendicular plate

Ethmoid

Superior nasal conchae

Ethmoid

Which cranial bone possesses the superior nasal conchae?

Ethmoid

cribriform plate

Ethmoid

True/false. Lesions of decreased density are termed osteoblastic lesions.

False

Basal fracture

Fracture evident by sphenoid sinus effusion

linear fracture

Fracture of the skull with jagged or irregular lucent line that lies at a right angle to the axis of the bone

Glabella

Frontal

superciliary arch

Frontal

A patient enters the emergency department (ED) with a possible basilar skull fracture. Which of the following skull projections would best demonstrate any blood present in the sphenoid sinus?

Horizontal beam lateral projection

Which one of the following technical considerations is most critical for demonstrating air and/or fluid levels within the cranium?

Horizontal x-ray beam

Which positioning line should be perpendicular to the plane of the IR for the AP axial (Towne) projection with a 37° caudad CR angle?

IOML

A PA axial projection with a 25° caudad angle of the cranium reveals that the petrous ridges are at the level of the superior orbital margins. Which of the following modifications are required to correct this error?

Increase extension of cranium

A patient comes in with a clinical history of a possible pituitary adenoma. Because this is a rural hospital, CT and MRI are not available. Which radiographic projection or position would best demonstrate signs of bony erosion of the sella turcica because of the tumor?

Lateral position

A patient comes to radiology with a clinical history of an acoustic neuroma. Which of the following imaging modalities will provide the best assessment for this tumor?

MRI

Which of the following imaging modalities provides an excellent distinction between normal and abnormal brain tissue?

MRI

Which of the following clinical indications may require a decrease in manual exposure factors?

Multiple myeloma

A radiograph of a lateral cranium reveals that the mentum was cut off from the bottom of the radiograph. A 24 × 30-cm (10 × 12-inch) IR was used, and it was placed crosswise. What must be altered if a repeat exposure is performed?

None of the above; all of the structures were demonstrated.

A radiograph of a posteroanterior (PA) axial projection (Caldwell method) of the cranium reveals that the petrous ridges are located at the level of the lower one third of the orbits. The technologist performed this projection with the CR angled 15° caudal to the orbitomeatal line (OML). How must positioning be altered if a repeat exposure is performed?

None of the above; positioning was correct.

Which of the following modalities best demonstrates early signs of Paget's disease of the skull?

Nuclear medicine

Foramen magnum

Occipital

Inion

Occipital

lateral condylar portions

Occipital

The radiograph shown is

PA

The radiograph shown is

PA Caldwell

A patient comes to radiology with a possible bone cyst within the squamous portion of the frontal bone. Which of the following projections would best demonstrate this region with a minimal amount of distortion of the frontal bone?

PA with no CR angulation to OML

Which four cranial bones articulate with the frontal bone? (Make sure you choose 4)

Right parietal, left parietal, sphenoid, and ethmoid

Which of the following positioning errors frequently results in a repeat exposure of a cranial position?

Rotation

Which of the following landmarks corresponds to the highest level of the petrous ridge?

TEA

Depressed fracture

Tangential view may help in determining extent or degree of this fracture

EAM

Temporal

petrous ridges

Temporal

The radiograph shown is

Towne's

True/false. The sphenoid bone articulates with all the other cranial bones

True

A patient comes to radiology for a routine study of the cranium. He is unable to flex his head and neck sufficiently to place the OML perpendicular to the IR for the AP axial projection. What should the technologist do to compensate for this problem without creating excessive magnification of the occipital bone?

Use the inferior OML and increase the CR angulation by 7°.

The cochlea is labeled:

VIII

The aditus is defined as a(n):

an opening between the epitympanic recess and the mastoid air cells.

What is the name of the joint found between the lateral condylar processes of the skull and the atlas of C1?

atlanto-occipital joint

A benign, cystic mass of the middle ear is a(n):

cholesteatoma

Which cranial bone contains the cribriform plate?

ethmoid

The part labeled x is the:

eustachian tube

Which cranial bone is labeled vi in this figure?

greater wing of sphenoid

Which cranial suture is labeled g?

lambdoidal

Which of the following sutures separates the parietal from the occipital bone?

lambdoidal

The left mastoid fontanel becomes the ____ in an adult.

left asterion

The part labeled ii is the:

malleus

Which bony structure is labeled v?

mastoid process

The mastoid air cells communicate with the:

middle ear

Which of the following bones is not part of the floor of the cranium?

occipital

Which cranial bone contains the foramen ovale?

sphenoid

Which cranial bone possesses the sella turcica?

sphenoid

pterygoid hamulus

sphenoid

Which aspect of the frontal bone is thin-walled and forms the forehead?

squamous

Which auditory ossicle attaches to the oval window?

stapes

The slight depression above each eyebrow is termed the:

supraorbital groove

Which cranial bone possesses the zygomatic process?

temporal

Zygomatic process

temporal