Credibility (Speech)

Factors of credibility

Competence and character

Monroe's Motivated Sequence

1. Attention (gain audience's attention about issue) 2. Need (describe the problem) 3. Satisfaction (describe the solution; how to solve the problem) 4. Visualization (so audience can picture solution in their minds; what world will be like if solution is put into place) 5. Action (what do we do; what is audience goal)

Terminal credibility

At end of speech.

Credibility

Audience's perception of how believable the speaker is.

Initial credibility

Credibility before speaking (determined by dress, commanding the room, hygiene, knowledge, etc.)

Boost credibility by... (ways)

Explain competence, establish common ground with audience, speak with genuine conviction, present ideas sincerely/dynamically/and use good eye contact, believe and care about your ideas, show spirit and enthusiasm.

Competence

How the audience regards the intelligence, expertise, and knowledge of the speaker/subject.

Character

How the audience regards the sincerity, trustworthiness, and concern of the speaker for their well-being.

Types of credibility

Initial, derived, terminal

Derived credibility

Produced by everything that is said and done during the speech.

Credibility appeals (Ethos)

Relies on speaker to convince listeners. a. believability - shows knowledge and interest in topic b. ethical standards - acknowledges the other side of the issue and demonstrates thorough research Dynamic, sincere, good reputation, good appearance, expertise, trustworthiness, and perceived good intentions.

Enhancing credibility (ways)

Say and do everything in a way that will make you appear capable and trustworthy, have good organization, use appropriate/clear/vivid language, have a fluent and dynamic delivery, and use strong evidence and sound reasoning.

Logical appeal (Logos)

Use solid evidence and sound reasoning to convince listener a. Is this fact or opinion? b. Is the information current? c. Is the source credible? d. Is it relevant? e. Is it valid or representative? Appeal to audience's intellectual, rational side. Use forceful, clear arguments to make a point. Considered substance of a speech.

Emotional appeal (Pathos)

Using a listener's feelings to persuade them. a. guilt b. fear c. freedom d. justice e. greed f. patriotism g. belonging h. anger i. happiness Understand how audience feels.

Audience Analysis

a. How old are they? b. What is the gender breakdown? c. What is their economic background? d. What are their political or religious views? e. How many will be in favor of your position? Against it?

People react based on what they want, think, or ____.

feel