CRJ 101

When an entire patrol section is instructed to make numerous traffic stops and field interrogations, the practice is referred to as ________ patrol. A. foot B. aggressive C. directed D. preventive

Aggressive

Which of the following is an advantage of hiring college-educated police officers? A. better written reports B. enhanced communication with the public C. fewer citizen complaints D. All these answers are correct.

All of the above

Which of the following is a way to control the amount of discretion exercised by police officers? A. close supervision by a police agency's management B. department directives or policies C. decisions of the United States Supreme Court D. All these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct

August Vollmer advocated three principles to professionalize American policing. Which of the following does NOT belong? A. He advocated training as a key ingredient in professionalizing policing. B. He believed that citizens needed training in methods of self-policing. C. He believed strongly that the police should stay out of politics and that politics should stay out of policing. D. He advocated education as a key ingredient in professionalizing policing

He believed that citizens needed training in methods of self-policing.

Which of the following is defined as the harmful physical and emotional outcomes that occur when the requirements of a job do not match the capabilities, resources, or needs of the employee? A. racial profiling B. stress management C. organizational change D. job stress

Job stress

Currently, the FBI has several priorities. Which of the following is NOT among the FBI's current priorities? A. protect the United States from terrorist attack B. protect the United States from cyber-based attacks and high-technology crimes C. protect civil rights D. protect the United States from major violators of controlled substance laws operating at interstate and international levels

Protect the United States from major violators of controlled substance laws operating to interstate and international levels

For most violations of the law, a police officer can usually exercise a number of options. Five are listed in your textbook. Which of the following is NOT one of these options? A. making a physical arrest B. issuing a written warning C. giving a verbal warning D. using lethal force

Using lethal force

The movement to limit the discretion of police officers is the result of A. increased police-community relations. B. lowered crime rates. C. abuses of that discretion. D. positive publicity about lowered discretion

Abuses of that discretion

With DNA profiling, a unique genetic profile can be derived from ________ found at the scene of a crime or on a victim. A. hair B. semen C. blood D. All these answers are correct.

All these answers are correct

Police have responded to domestic violence in three distinct ways. Which of the following is NOT one of these three ways? A. arresting both the perpetrator and the victim B. separating domestic partners in minor disputes C. mediating the dispute D. arresting the perpetrator of the assault

Arresting both the perpetrator and the victim

What is currently the top priority of the FBI? A. being a federal police agency B. protecting the president and other government leaders C. being an intelligence and counterterrorism agency D. enforcement of the country's immigration laws

Being an intelligence and counterterrorism agency

With community policing, A. police focus more heavily on preventive patrol for public safety. B. citizens share responsibility for their community's safety. C. citizens are encouraged to learn policing methods and tactics. D. police adopt a legalistic (or sometimes watchman) style of policing.

Citizen's share responsibility or their community's safety

Your textbook names three distinct functions of DNA profiling. Which of the following is NOT one of these distinct functions? A. collecting samples from all people at birth, so that a complete DNA database can be compiled B. clearing innocent people convicted of rape and murder years after they began serving their sentences C. linking or eliminating identified suspects to a crime D. identifying "cold hits," where a sample from a crime scene is matched against numerous cases in a DNA database and a positive match is made

Collecting samples from all people at birth, so that a complete DNA database can be compiled

Criminal investigation has been defined as a lawful search of people and things to achieve three of the following goals. Which is NOT one of the goals of criminal investigation? A. apprehend or determine the guilty party B. reconstruct the circumstances of an illegal act C. aid in the state's prosecution of the offender D. conduct preventive patrol to ferret out crime

Conduct preventive patrol to ferret out crime

Earlier in American history, two forms of police protection began to evolve—the ________ in the villages, towns, and cities; and the ________ in the rural areas, unincorporated areas, and counties. A. sheriff; tithing system B. sheriff; constable-watch system C. constable-watch system; sheriff D. constable-watch system; tithing system

Constable-watch system; sheriff

In ________ patrol, officers are given guidance on how to use their patrol time, often based on the results of crime analyses that identify problem areas. A. directed B. preventive C. aggressive D. foot

Directed

The basic concepts of American law enforcement and criminal justice originated in A. New England. B. Spain. C. France. D. England.

England

Which of the following is NOT an emphasis area of community policing? A. fighting crime B. delivering social services C. eradicating the causes of crime in a community D. keeping peace

Eradicating the causes of crime in a community

At various times in American history, local police have acted in several different roles. Which of the following is NOT one of those roles? A. social worker B. firefighter C. public servant D. peacekeeper

Firefighter

Police officers cannot make an arrest for every violation of law—that is, they cannot provide A. limited discretion. B. selective enforcement. C. high discretion. D. full enforcement.

Full enforcement

1. Following are the three I's of police selection. Which one of these does NOT belong? A. intuition B. interaction skills C. integrity D. intelligence

Intuition

The vast majority of American law enforcement agencies are A. local. B. federal. C. multi-jurisdictional. D. state.

Local

1. The only personal experience most people have with the criminal justice process is contact with a A. probation or parole officer. B. courtroom. C. correctional institution. D. local police officer.

Local police officer

Which of the following is unquestionably the most time-consuming and resource-intensive task of any police agency? A. patrol B. investigation C. traffic enforcement D. drug enforcement

Patrol

Patrols that are "systematically unsystematic" and observant in an attempt to both deter and ferret out crime on their beats are known as random or ________ patrol. A. foot B. directed C. preventive D. aggressive

Preventive

The professional model of policing, which police followed in the decades before community policing, rested on three foundations. Which of the following is NOT one of those foundations? A. preventive patrol B. proactive patrol C. follow-up investigation D. quick response time

Proactive Patrol

Which of the following is NOT a service provided by the U.S. Marshals? A. judicial security B. fugitive investigations C. protect national leaders D. witness security

Protect national leaders

The practice of relying on the judgment of the police leadership and rank-and-file officers to decide which laws to enforce is referred to as A. limited discretion. B. selective enforcement. C. high discretion. D. full enforcement.

Selective Enforcement

Which of the following drug enforcement strategies accounts for the greatest number of drug arrests and seizures? A. street-level enforcement B. mid-level investigations C. major investigations D. drug demand reduction

Street-level enforcement

vWhich of the following U.S. Supreme Court decisions severely restricted the police use of deadly force? A. Furman v. Georgia B. Tennessee v. Garner C. Escobedo v. Illinois D. Woodson v. North Carolina

Tennessee v. Garner

Which of the following is the FBI's definition of terrorism? A. the unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives B. the systematic use of terror or unpredictable violence against governments, publics, or individuals to attain a political objective C. premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience D. the unlawful use, or threatened use, of force or violence by a group or individual based and operating entirely within the United States or its territories without foreign direction committed against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives

The systematic use of terror or unpredictable violence against governments, publics, or individuals to attain a political objective

1. According to your text, three highly important qualities for police are A. the three I's of police selection, common sense, and compassion. B. strength, endurance, and compassion. C. strength, common sense, and the three I's of police selection. D. the three I's of police selection, appearance, and compassion.

The three I's of police selection, common sense, and compassion

Why was the U.S. Secret Service created? A. to combat counterfeiting B. to conduct fugitive investigations C. to protect national leaders D. to provide witness security

To combat counterfeiting

Who were the first federal law enforcement agents in the United States? A. DEA agents B. FBI agents C. Secret Service agents D. U.S. Marshals

U.S. Marshals

Three successful police recruiting practices are given here. Which of the following does NOT belong? A. using television, radio, and newspaper advertisements B. going to colleges and to schools in minority communities C. waiting for ideal job applicants to gravitate toward one's department D. working with local employment offices

Waiting for ideal job applicants to gravitate towards one's department

According to Peel, the main function of the police was to ________ by ________ of the community. A. solve crime; active investigation B. prevent crime; preventive patrol C. solve crime; preventive patrol D. prevent crime; active investigation

prevent crime; preventive patrol