Cross-Country Flight

Determine the magnetic course from Airpark East Airport (area 1) to Winnsboro Airport (area 2). Magnetic variation is 6°30'E.

075°. With a plotter, measure the true course from Airpark East to Winnsboro as 82°. Subtract variation of 6.5°E. 82°-6.5° = 75.5°. 75° is the closest answer.

An aircraft departs an airport in the central standard time zone at 0930 CST for a 2-hour flight to an airport located in the mountain standard time zone. The landing should be at what time?

1030 MST. Convert the departure time to UTC by adding 6 hours. 0930 CST + 6 = 1530Z. Add the flight time of 2 hours to find the arrival time. 1530 + 2 hours = 1730Z. Convert the arrival time in UTC to MST by subtracting 7 hours. 1730 - 7 = 1030 MST.

Given: Speed 114 knots. Time traveled 7.5 min. How far have you traveled?

14.3 NM. Using your electronic E6-B computer, select the distance flown function. Enter a groundspeed of 114 (kts). Next, enter 7 and a half minutes for time traveled. The answer comes out to 14.3 NM.

An aircraft departs an airport in the eastern daylight time zone at 0945 EDT for a 2-hour flight to an airport located in the central daylight time zone. The landing should be at what coordinated universal time?

1545Z. Using the chart, convert the departure time, 0945 EDT, to Coordinated Universal Time. 0945 + 4 = 1345Z. Add the flight time of 2 hours. 1345 + 2 = 1545Z.

An aircraft departs an airport in the central standard time zone at 0845 CST for a 2-hour flight to an airport located in the mountain standard time zone. The landing should be at what coordinated universal time? View Figure 27

1645Z. Convert the departure time to UTC by adding 6 hours. 0845 + 6 = 1445. Add the flight time of 2 hours to find the arrival time. 1445 + 2 = 1645Z.

Determine the magnetic heading for a flight from Sandpoint Airport (area 1) to St. Maries Airport (area 4). The wind is from 215° at 25 knots, and the true airspeed is 125 knots. View Figure 22

172°. With a plotter, measure the true course from Sandpoint to St. Maries as 180°. Use a flight computer to find a true heading of 187°. Variation is 14°30'E. Subtract easterly variation. 187°-14°30' = 172.5°, round to 172°.

Determine the magnetic heading for a flight from Allendale County Airport (area 1) to Claxton-Evans County Airport (area 2). The wind is from 090° at 16 knots, and the true airspeed is 90 knots. Magnetic Variation is 6°W.

209°. With a plotter, measure the true course from Allendale to Claxton-Evans as 212°. Use a flight computer to find the true heading of 203°. Add variation of 6°W. 203°+6° = 209°.

If a true heading of 135° results in a ground track of 130° and a true airspeed of 135 knots results in a groundspeed of 140 knots, the wind would be from

245° and 13 knots. Use the Wind Speed and Direction function on an E6B flight computer and enter the course of 130°, true airspeed of 135 kts., groundspeed of 140 kts., and heading of 135°, which results in winds from 245° at 13 kts.

Determine the magnetic course from First Flight Airport (area 5) to Hampton Roads Airport (area 2).

332°. Measure the course from First Flight to Hampton Roads using a plotter. The true course is 321°. The magenta dashed line represents a variation of 11° W. Using the mnemonic "west is best", add 321 + 11 = 332°.

How far will an aircraft travel in 2-1/2 minutes with a groundspeed of 98 knots?

4.08 NM. Use a flight computer to solve or use the formula for time, speed, and distance (TSD). Distance = Groundspeed x Time. Convert 2.5 minutes into hours. 2.5 / 60 = .042. Apply the TSD formula. .042 x 98 = 4.08 NM.

Estimate the time en route from Addison (area 2) to Dallas Executive (area 3). The wind is from 300° at 15 knots, the true airspeed is 120 knots, and the magnetic variation is 7° east.

8 minutes. With a plotter, measure the distance and true course from Addison to Dallas Executive as 17 NM and 186°. Use a flight computer to calculate a groundspeed of 125 knots and time en route of 8 min.

You want your wind ground track and ____________to be the same.

Course. If there is no wind, the aircraft's ground track is the same as the heading and the GS is the same as the true airspeed. This condition rarely exists. Track is the actual path made over the ground in flight. If proper correction has been made for the wind, track and course are identical.

Determine the magnetic heading for a flight from Fort Worth Meacham (area 4) to Denton Muni (area 1). The wind is from 330° at 25 knots, the true airspeed is 110 knots, and the magnetic variation is 7° east.

003°. With a plotter measure the true course from Fort Worth Meacham to Denton as 20°. Use a flight computer to calculate a true heading of 10°. Subtract variation of 7°E. 10°-7° = 3°.

(Refer to figure 23, 58.) Determine the compass heading for a flight from Claxton-Evans County Airport (area 2) to Hampton Varnville Airport (area 1). The wind is from 280° at 08 knots, and the true airspeed is 85 knots. Magnetic​ variation is 6°W.

043°. With a plotter, measure the true course from Claxton to Hampton as 44°. Use a flight computer to find the true heading of 40°. Add variation of 6°W. 40°+6° = 46°. Interpolate between -3° and -4° on compass card as -3.5. 46-3.5 = 42.5. Round to 43°.

Determine the magnetic heading for a flight from Majors Airport (area 1) to Winnsboro Airport (area 2). The wind is from 340° at 12 knots, the true airspeed is 36 knots, and the magnetic variation is 6°30'E.

078°. With a plotter, measure the true course from Majors to Winnsboro as 101°. Use a flight computer to calculate the true heading as 84.5°. Subtract variation of 6.5°E. 84.5°-6.5° = 78°.

(Refer to figure 23.) While en route on Victor 185, a flight crosses the 248° radial of Allendale VOR at 0953 and then crosses the 216° radial of Allendale VOR at 1000. What is the estimated time of arrival at Savannah VORTAC?

1028. The 248° & 216° radials cross V185 at Milen & Dover intersections. Use the Groundspeed function on an E6B and enter the distance between the two radials of 10 NM and the time en route of 7 minutes to calculate a groundspeed of 86 knots. The Dover to Savannah distance is 40 NM. Use the Leg Time function to compute the time as 28 min. The ETA is 1000+28 = 1028.

What is the magnetic heading for a flight from Priest River Airport (area 1) to Shoshone County Airport (area 3)? The wind is from 030° at 12 knots, and the true airspeed is 95 knots.

121°. With a plotter, measure the true course from Priest River to Shoshone as 143°. Use a flight computer to find the true heading of 136°. Subtract the variation of 14°30'E. 136°-14°30' = 121.5. 

What is the estimated time en route for a flight from Denton Muni (area 1) to Addison (area 2)? The wind is from 200° at 20 knots, the true airspeed is 110 knots, and the magnetic variation is 7° east.

13 minutes. With a plotter, measure the distance and the true course from Denton to Addison as 22.5 NM and 128°. Use a flight computer to calculate a groundspeed of 102 knots and time en route of 13.25 min. Round to 13 min.

On a cross-country flight, point A is crossed at 1500 hours and the plan is to reach point B at 1530 hours. Use the following information to determine the airspeed required to reach point B on schedule. Distance between= A and B70 NM Forecast wind= 310° at 15 kts Pressure altitude= 8,000 ft Ambient temperature= -10° C True course= 270°

137 knots. Use the Groundspeed function on an E6B flight computer and enter 70NM and 30 minutes to determine a required groundspeed of 140 knots. Then use the Required True Airspeed function and enter the wind speed and direction (310 at 15 kts.), course (270) to get a required true airspeed of 152 knots. An approximate CAS can then be calculated by using the Required Calibrated Airspeed function; enter the pressure altitude of 8,000', true (ambient) temperature of -10C, and the true airspeed of 152 kts., to get a calibrated airspeed result of 137 kts.

En route to First Flight Airport (area 5), your flight passes over Hampton Roads Airport (area 2) at 1456 and then over Chesapeake Municipal at 1501. At what time should your flight arrive at First Flight?

1526. Measure the distance from Hampton Roads to Chesapeake at 10 NM and from there to First Flight at 50 NM. Using the Groundspeed function on an E6B, enter the distance of 10 miles and 5 minutes (1501-1456 = 5 minutes), to determine your groundspeed is 120 kts. Then use the Leg Time function and enter the groundspeed of 120 kts. and 50 NM, which results in a leg time of 25 minutes. Add 1501+25 = 1526.

An aircraft departs an airport in the mountain standard time zone at 1515 MST for a 2-hour 30-minute flight to an airport located in the Pacific standard time zone. What is the estimated time of arrival at the destination airport?

1645 PST. Convert the departure time to UTC by adding 7 hours. 1515 MST + 7 = 2215Z. Add the flight time of 2 hours 30 min. to find the arrival time. 2215 + 2 h 30 m = 0045Z. Convert the arrival time in UTC to PST by subtracting 8 hours. 0045 - 8 = 1645 PST.

An aircraft departs an airport in the mountain standard time zone at 1615 MST for a 2-hour 15-minute flight to an airport located in the Pacific standard time zone. The estimated time of arrival at the destination airport should be

1730 PST. Convert the departure time to UTC by adding 7 hours. 1615 MST + 7 = 2315Z. Add the flight time of 2 hours 15 min. to find the arrival time. 2315 + 2 h 15 m = 0130Z. Convert the arrival time in UTC to PST by subtracting 8 hours. 0130 - 8 = 1730 PST.

An aircraft departs an airport in the Pacific standard time zone at 1030 PST for a 4-hour flight to an airport located in the central standard time zone. The landing should be at what coordinated universal time?

2230Z. Convert the departure time to UTC by adding 8 hours. 1030 + 8 = 1830Z. Add the flight time of 4 hours to find the arrival time. 1830 + 4 = 2230Z.

Determine the magnetic heading for a flight from Dallas Executive (area 3) to Hicks (T67) (area 4). The wind is from 030° at 10 knots, the true airspeed is 135 knots, and the magnetic variation is 7° east.

298°. Use your sectional plotter to measure the course from Dallas Executive to Hicks=301° (true). Subtract the 7 degrees of magnetic variation to arrive at a magnetic course of 294 degrees. Using your electronic E6B computer (HDG/GS function), enter the wind of 030 degrees and 10 knots. Then enter the magnetic course of 294 degrees and true airspeed of 135 kts to arrive at a 298 degree magnetic heading and a groundspeed of 136 kts.

What is the estimated time en route for a flight from Allendale County Airport (area 1) to Claxton-Evans County Airport (area 2)? The wind is from 100° at 18 knots and the true airspeed is 115 knots. Add 2 minutes for climb-out.

30 minutes. With a plotter, measure the distance and the true course from Allendale to Claxton as 55 NM and 212°. With a flight computer, calculate the groundspeed as 121 knots and time en route as 27.5 min. Add 2 min. for climb-out. Round 29.5 min. to 30 min.

Determine the estimated time en route for a flight from Priest River Airport (area 1) to Shoshone County Airport (area 3). The wind is from 030 at 12 knots and the true airspeed is 95 knots. Add 2 minutes for climb-out.

31 minutes. Measure the distance from Priest River to Shoshone as 49 NM using the distance scale printed at the top of the chart, and the true course as 144°. With a flight computer, calculate the groundspeed as 99 knots and the time en route as 29.5 min. + 2 climb-out = 31.5 minutes. 31 is the most correct. NOTE: each sectional chart is printed/displayed at different sizes, so you cannot use a plotter to measure distances on the supplied figures when studying for the test or taking the actual FAA test. You can either hold a piece of paper up to the screen, mark the points, and hold it up to the NM scale printed on the chart, or print the sectional figures and use a piece of paper to mark the distance and measure on the NM scale.

Determine the magnetic heading for a flight from St. Maries Airport (area 4) to Priest River Airport (area 1). The wind is from 340° at 10 knots, and the true airspeed is 90 knots.

329°. With a plotter, measure the true course from St. Maries to Priest River as 345°. Use a flight computer to find the true heading of 344°. Subtract the variation of 14°30'E. 344°-14°30' = 329.5°, 329° is the closest answer.

What is the estimated time en route from Sandpoint Airport (area 1) to St. Maries Airport (area 4)? The wind is from 215° at 25 knots, and the true airspeed is 125 knots.

34 minutes. With a plotter, measure the distance from Sandpoint to St. Maries as 58 NM and the true course as 181°. With a flight computer, determine groundspeed as 103.5 knots and calculate the time en route as 33.5 minutes. Round to 34 minutes.

Determine the magnetic heading for a flight from Mercer County Regional Airport (area 3) to Minot International (area 1). The wind is from 330° at 25 knots, the true airspeed is 100 knots, and the magnetic variation is 10° east.

352°. With a plotter, measure the true course from Mercer Co. to Minot International as 11°. Use a flight computer to find the true heading of 2°. Variation is 10°E. Subtract the easterly variation. 2°-10° = 351.5° Round to 352°.

(Refer to figure 20, area 3.) Determine the approximate latitude and longitude of Currituck County Airport.

36°24'N - 76°01'W. Each tick mark on the sectional's longitude or latitude line equals one minute. Currituck Co. is one tick mark west of the 76° meridian or 76°01' W and 24' north of the 36° parallel or 36°24' N.

What is the estimated time en route for a flight from Claxton-Evans County Airport (area 2) to Hampton Varnville Airport (area 1)? The wind is from 290° at 18 knots and the true airspeed is 85 knots. Add 2 minutes for climb-out.

39 minutes. With a plotter, measure the distance and the true course from Claxton to Hampton as 56 NM and 44°. With a flight computer, calculate the groundspeed as 91 knots and time en route as 37 min. Add 2 min. for climb-out to find 39 min.

What is the estimated time en route for a flight from St. Maries Airport (area 4) to Priest River Airport (area 1)? The wind is from 300° at 14 knots and the true airspeed is 90 knots. Add 3 minutes for climb-out.

43 minutes. With a plotter, measure the distance from St Maries to Priest River as 53 NM and the true course as 345°. With a flight computer, calculate the groundspeed as 80 knots and the time en route as 40 min + 3 climb-out = 43 min.

What is the estimated time en route from Mercer County Regional Airport (area 3) to Minot International (area 1)? The wind is from 330° at 25 knots and the true airspeed is 100 knots. Add 3-1/2 minutes for departure and climb-out.

48 minutes. With a plotter, measure the distance and the true course from Mercer Co. to Minot International as 59 NM and as 11°. With a flight computer, determine the groundspeed as 80 knots and time en route as 44.5 min + 3.5 min for climb = 48 min.

How much fuel will you need to travel 75 SM if your airplane burns 3 gallons of fuel/hr. and your groundspeed is 45mph?

5 gallons. Use the Leg Time function on an E6B calculator and enter the distance of 75 SM and 45mph groundspeed to get a leg time result of 1:40. Then use the Fuel Required function and enter the time en route of 1:40 and the fuel burn of 3 gal/hr, to get 5 gallons of fuel required.

Estimate the time en route from Majors Airport (area 1) to Winnsboro Airport (area 2). The wind is from 340° at 12 knots and the true airspeed is 36 knots.

59 minutes. With a plotter, measure the distance and the true course from Majors to Winnsboro as 41 NM and 101°. With a flight computer, calculate the groundspeed as 40.7 knots and the time en route as 60.5 min.

On the wind triangle, the line from point C to B represents:

Groundspeed and true course. The line from point C to B represents course and groundspeed.

In order to determine your distance flown, you would multiply time by:

Groundspeed. The formula for distance is D=GSxT. Therefore you multiply time by groundspeed to determine distance.

Which statement about longitude and latitude is true?

Lines of longitude cross the Equator at right angles. Meridians of longitude are drawn from the North Pole to the South Pole and are at right angles to the Equator.

If you are on a cross-country flight, to keep from losing your course you should:

Refer to selected ground features and checkpoints. Pilotage, navigation by reference to landmarks or checkpoints, can be used correct dead reckoning errors and maintain your course.

You are flying on an easterly course. If the wind is from the northeast, you must crab the airplane:

Somewhat to the north of east to counteract drift. You must establish a wind correction angle (crab) that counteracts wind drift and maintains the desired course. To do this you would have to crab into the wind to the north of east.

Why is it a good idea to file a VFR flight plan with FSS?

To provide search and rescue in the event of an emergency. Filing a flight plan is not required by regulations; however, it is a good operating practice since the information contained in the flight plan can be used in search and rescue in the event of an emergency.

If you measure your course on your sectional in reference to a meridian, that line is called a:

True course. Because meridians converge toward the poles, course measurement should be taken at a meridian near the midpoint of the course rather than at the point of departure. The course measured on the chart is known as the true course.

What does the line from point A to point B of the wind triangle represent?

True heading and airspeed. The line from A to B on this wind triangle represents heading and airspeed.

You are on a cross-country flight from Kingsville Airport (area 2) to Corpus Christi Intl. Airport (area 3). What minimum equipment will you need for the flight?

Two-way radio, Mode C transponder with altitude reporting equipment, and ADS-B Out. Corpus Christi Intl. Airport is surrounded by a magenta circle indicating that it is in Class C airspace. The equipment requirement for Class C airspace is two-way radio, and unless otherwise authorized by ATC, an operable radar beacon transponder with automatic altitude reporting equipment, and ADS-B Out.

In order to check your progress when using dead reckoning with no radio instrumentation, make corrections by:

Using pilotage and keep track of your checkpoints. Except for flights over water, dead reckoning is usually used with pilotage for cross-country flying. The heading and GS, as calculated, is constantly monitored and corrected by pilotage as observed from checkpoints.

What information should be entered in the Level field for Item 15 on the International Flight Plan form?

VFR cruising altitude. You should specify the VFR cruising altitude in the Level field for Item 15.

On the wind triangle, the line from point C to A represents:

Wind direction and velocity. On the wind triangle, the short line from C to A represents the wind direction and speed of the wind.

When converting from true course to magnetic heading, a pilot should

add westerly variation and subtract left wind correction angle. Add west and subtract east variation. The memory device of "West is Best and East is Least" may help. A left wind angle is subtracted and a right wind angle is added. Visualizing or using a compass rose may help.