CS test 3

What is an expert system

A computer program that can process data about a specific subject and answer simple questions about that subject

What is the gradient descent algorithm?

A method that can be used to find a line that best fits a set of points

Which of the following was a tool seemingly created by the United States' National Security Administration (NSA) that was stolen by hackers?

DoublePulsar

Which of the following is NOT a type of malware discussed in class?

Parasite

How is railroad switching similar to circuit-switching used in telephone networks?

Railroad switches change the road to steer the vehicle, just like circuit-switching changes the circuit to route a phone call correctly.

What is a computer virus?

A program that attaches itself to an executable host file that, when run, spreads the same program to other host files.

What is ransomware?

A program that encrypts files on a computer and then demands a payment.

What is a Trojan horse?

A program that fools a user into running it and then often opens a backdoor that allows hackers to take control of the computer.

What is a computer worm?

A program that hops from computer to computer over a network, often without altering any files.

What is the World Wide Web?

A set of files linked to other files, stored on computers that are on the Internet

What was EternalBlue?

A tool created by the NSA that caused Windows computers to mishandle specially crafted packets and execute arbitrary code

What was Stuxnet?

A worm targeting nuclear centrifuges that ended up spreading around the world

Which of the following did NOT lead to the development of the field of artificial intelligence by the mid-1950s?

Creation of robots that can process human emotions

Which of the following is the most recently issued fair information practice guideline or regulation?

General Data Protection Regulation

How did NotPetya work?

It used the stolen EternalBlue exploit to spread to computers and encrypt data irreversibly.

Which of the following is NOT true about WannaCry?

It was developed by Microsoft for a security test and was stolen by hackers.

Which of the following was NOT a guideline outlined by the OECD in 1980?

Limited liability: any entity storing data on a customer is subject to limited legal action in response to any data breach

How did Stuxnet impact a nuclear centrifuge?

Speed up and slow down a centrifuge repeatedly, causing stresses & strains that lead to friction and damage

whose job is it to ensure that packets that get lost on the Internet are re-sent, or that packets that arrive out of order and sorted correctly?

The TCP layer

What is a bootloader?

The code that gets executed when a computer turns on

Which of the following was NOT a way that a version of WannaCry was stopped or slowed down?

The encryption method used by the ransomware was founded to be a Caesar cipher and was easily cracked on all infected computers.

How is UDP different from TCP

UDP is faster, but less reliable, than TCP

The Internet is to a postal service as a router is to...

a post office

What are three things that both vehicles and Internet packets have in common, as discussed in class?

a source, detonation, and payload