CTS Terms

Frequency

# of cycles completed in one second

bandwidth formula

(H*V*F*Nc) /Image Corrector Factor o H= Horizontal Pixels o V= Vertical Pixels o F= Frame Rate o Nc= Number of components (3)

Dynamic Mic

A coil of wire attached to a diaphragm placed in a permanent magnetic field. Sound pressure waves cause the diaphragm to move back and forth

Aspect Ratio

AR=W/H 4:3 = 1.33:1 16:9 = 1.77:1 16:10 = 1.60: 1

Wiring Classes:

Class 1 Both fire and shock hazards exist. Voltage rating less than 600 Class 2 Neither fire or shock hazards exist. Voltage rating less than 150 Class 3 There is not a fire hazard but there is a shock hazard. Voltage rating less than 300

Cable types

Coaxial Unshielded Twisted Pair Shielded Twisted Pair Fiber Optic

Condenser Mic

Condenser conductive diaphragm & a conductive backplate. Air is used as the insulation to separate the diaphragm & backplate

DSP

Digital Signal Processing combines all audio components into one

Types of Microphones

Dynamic, Condenser, Electret

Percent Element Height Formula

EH/IH=%Element Height EH= Element Height IH= Image Height

Need analysis pyramid bottom to top:

Functions and features, tasks, applications, end users needs

Ohn's Law

I=V/R R=V/I V=I*R I = Current V = Voltage R = Resistance

three-point lighting

Key light brightest light on a subject Fill eliminates dark spots and shadows caused by key light Back light shines on the back of the subject toward camera to help define edges Wall Wash improves the depth and quality of the background

Open System Interconnection (OSI)

Layer 1 Physical Layer Layer 2 Data Link Layer 3 Network Layer 4 Transport Layer 5-7 Session, Presentation, Application

Components of a Circuit

Load anything that consumes/uses electrical power Source device that supplies electric energy or power Conductor connects components of a circuit together

IP Addressing

Logical address that allows devices to locate each other

· Decibel

Measurement used to describe a base of 10 or 20 logarithms relationship

Conduit Capacity

One cable = 53 percent of conduit area. If you are running only one cable in a conduit, that cable may occupy up to 53 percent of the conduit's inside area. Two cables = 31 percent of conduit area. If you are going to run two cables inside a conduit, these two cables may occupy up to 31 percent of the conduit's inside area. Three or more cables = 40 percent of conduit area. If you are going to run three or more cables inside a conduit, the cables may occupy up to 40 percent of the conduit's inside area.

· Resistance (R)

Opposition to the flow of electrons

Power

P=I*V V=P/I I= P/V P= Power I= Current V= Voltage

· Power (P)

Rate at which work is done

· Impedance (Z)

Resistance and reactance in an AC current

Screen Height

SH = D / SL

Viewing tasks

SL = 4 for inspection viewing tasks SL = 6 for detailed viewing tasks SL = 8 for general viewing tasks

Request for information (RFI)

This form is used when questions arise about the project.

Letter of transmittal

This form is used whenever documents, drawings, samples or submittals are sent to a receiving party.

Loudspeaker drivers

Tweeters high Frequency Horns mid of high frequencies Cone /Midrange Woofers low frequencies Subwoofers lower frequencies

dB Voltage

Voltage dB = 20 * log (V1 / Vr) V1 new Vr old

Series Circuit Impedance Formula

ZT= Z1+ Z2+ Z3+ ZN

· Hue

a color or share

Star

all devices are connected to a central point that may be a hub switch or router

Viewing Cone

best viewing area for the audience

· Grayscale

brightness and darkness of a color

Commissioning ( System Performance Verification)

confirming that the equipment is installed properly and operating and functioning correctly.

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

defines the products or services Grouping of project elements which will ultimately organize and define the total scope of the project. Each descending level represents an increasingly detailed definition of a project component. Doesn't address who, what , when or how much

Elevation Drawings

depict the characteristics of a will using a side view

Section Drawing

depicts the structures behind a wall or above a ceiling

Sample Rate

determines the digital signal's accuracy which is how closely it captures the frequency of the original signal

· Bit Depth

determines the precision of how close the digital signal is to the analog signal's amplitude values

Wavelength

distance between two points that occur at the same place on a waveform Wavelength and Frequency are inversely correlated

Spherical Aberration

focal length of a lens is different at its edges leading to out of focus areas of an image

Domain Name System (DNS)

hierarchical distributed database that maps names to data such as IP Addresses

Propagation

how sound moves through & affected by its environment\

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

how unknown devices can connect to the internet on a new network with now manual configuration o Allows devices to lease IP addresses

Amplitude

intensity of a wave/ Magnitude of a signal

Electrical circuit

is a closed loop path that goes from a power source, through a load, and back to the power source. All circuits must have these three physical items connected together: Conductive material, such as wires A voltage source, such as a battery A "load," such as a light source

Program Report

is a document that describes the client's specific needs, system purpose and functionality, and the designer's best estimate of probable cost, in a non-technical format for review and approval by the owner.

Emissive Projection

light is created by the display & sent outward i.e. LED Plasma Display

· Transmissive Projection

light is transmitted through a screen i.e. Rear Screen Projector

Curvature of Field

light rays are projected onto a curved surface causing edges to be out of focus

Viewing angle

maximum angle where viewers can still see the display

· Voltage (V)

measure of electrical pressure or potential force in a circuit

Supercaridoid

narrower pickup rejects ambient noise but has some rear pickup

Bus

o all devices are connected to each other through a single cable

Ring

o connects devices on after the other in sequence forming a continuous loop

Attenuation

out signals less than in signal

Cardioid

pick from front only. Rejects side & most rear sound

Bi- Directional

pickup equal in opposite directions with little or no pickup from sides

Lossy Compression

process that gives an approximation of the original data by eliminating redundant or unnecessary info

Lossless Compression

process that retains the original quality of a fil after it has been compressed and decompressed

Gantt chart

provides a timeline for all tasks in horizontal bars that show the sequence in which tasks should be performed and any milestones in the project, A logic network diagram shows which tasks have to be completed before you can begin your work

Mechanical Drawings

show heating plumbing and ventilation

Electrical Drawings

show power and lighting systems

Reflected Ceiling Plan

show the location of ventilation diffusers and returns, sprinkler head, and lights

Structural Drawings

show wood, concrete, and steel structures of the building support system

Plan drawing (Top View)

taken from directly above showing floor plan or site plan identifying room locations and layout dimensions locations of walls doors and windows etc.

Bandwidth

the amount of data that can pass during a given time interval

· Current (A/I)

the flow of electrons through a conductor

Benchmarking

the process of examining methods, techniques, and principles from peer organization and facilities.

Bit Rate

the quantity of information over time in a digital signal stream

Percent Element Height

the ratio of element height to screen height expressed as a percentage.

Omnidirectional

uniform pickup in all direction s

Harmonics

whole # multiple of a fundamental frequency

Network

· A group of devices connected in a manner that allows communication among them. Categorized by the area they cover or scale

Static Address

· A static Internet Protocol (IP) address (static IP address) is a permanent number assigned to a device

Inverse Square Law

· Any time distance is doubled the sound loses 6dB · Any time distance is reduced by ½ sound gains 6dB · As distance is doubled ILLUMINATION is QUARTERED · As distance is doubled the SURFACE AREA is QUADROPLED

Compressor

· Controls dynamics by reducing the level of all signals above an adjustable threshold

Furthest Viewer by Text Height

· D = TH * 150

Furthest Viewer

· D= SL * SH

Throw Distance

· Distance = Screen Width * Throw Ratio

dB Distance

· Distance dB = 20 * log (D1 / D2) D1 old D2 new

EQ

· Frequency controls that allow cutting and boosting of a specific range o Parametric makes large scale adjustments to a signal with fever filters o Graphic fine control of dozens of specific frequencies making precise adjustment to a particular frequency

Element

· Group of pixels conveying an item of info, smallest discrete unit that a viewer must be able to discern and comprehend

Topologies

· How physical connections are made to accomplish communication among devices in area networks

Expander

· Increase signals below an adjustable threshold

Screen Brightness Formula

· L= SH* SW*AF o L= Lumen o SH= Screen Height o SW= Screen Width o AF= Average Footcandle/Lux

Limiter

· Limits impact of extreme spikes

Gate

· Mutes signals below an adjustable threshold

dB Power

· Power dB = 10 * log (P1 / Pr) P1 new Pr old

Switch

· Provides physical connection between multiple devices

Filter

· Removes or passes certain frequencies from a signal · Low Pass Filter eliminates high frequency hiss · High Pass eliminates low frequency noise

· Sampling Rate

· Sampling Rate how often a sample is taken the greater the sample the greater the resolution of the digital quality

Parallel Same Impedance formula

· ZT = Z / N

· The Nyquist-Shannon Theorem

· an analog signal can be reconstructed if it is encoded using a sampling rate that is greater than twice the highest frequency sampled

Saturation (Chroma)

· intensity of a specific color

Reflective Projection

· light bouncing off a screen & reflecting to our eye i.e. Front Screen Projector

Dynamic Addressing

·automatic nodes obtain IP addresses on their own, all addressing is handled by computers leaving no room for human error

Mix-Minus System

·each subsystem mixes the mics signals minus the mics closest to a loudspeaker