Cybersecurity

Three approaches to cybersecurity are

1. Compliance-based 2. Risk-based 3. Ad-hoc

The 4 objectives of Cybersecurity are...

1. Confidentiality 2. Integrity 3. Availability 4. Nonrepudiation

The forensic chain of events are?

1. Identify 2. Preserve 3. Analyse 4. Present

The APT life cycle includes?

Intelligence, Initial exploitation, Command & control, Privilege escalation, Data exflitration

Virtualization involves:

b. multiple guests coexisting on the same server in isolation of one another

.................. contain step-by-step instructions to carry out procedures.

guidelines

The SDLC includes?

planning analysis design implementation maintaince

.................. communicate required and prohibited activities and behaviors.

policies

A(n) .................... is anything capable of acting against an asset in a manner that can cause harm.

threat

A(n) ................................ is a weakness in the design, implementation, operation or internal controls in a process that could be exploited to violate the system security.

vulnerability

Which element of the incident response plan involves obtaining and preserving evidence?

Containment

......................... includes many components such as directory services, authentications and authorization services, and user management capabilities such as provisioning and deprovisioning.

identity management

......................., also called malicious code, is software designed to gain access to targeted computer systems, steal information or disrupt computer operations

malware

Intrusion Detection Systems. What is it and the 2 categories of it?

IDS works with firewalls to detect intrusion and then alerts management when it recognizes a perceived threat 1. network based 2. host based

NIST defines a(n)............ as a "violation or imminent threat of violation of computer security policies, acceptable use policies, or standard security practices."

Incident

Data loss prevention solutions cover 3 states of information. What are the states

1. data at rest 2. data in motion 3. data in use

The generalized attack procress consists of what 8 steps?

1. performance reconnaissance 2. create attack tools 3. deliver malicious capabilities 4.exploit and compromise 5. conduct an attack 6. achieve results 7. maintain a presence or set of capabilities 8. coordinate a campaign

The OSI model consists what 7 layers?

1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application

The 4 phases of penetration testing include?

1. planning 2. discovery 3. attack 4. reporting

Security incident response phases include what 5 phases?

1. preparation 2. detection and analysis 3. investigation 4. mitigation and recovery 5. postincident analysis

What are the 6 categories of incident reports?

CAT 1 = unauthorized access CAT 2 = denial-of-service (dos) CAT 3 = malicious code CAT 4 = improper usage CAT 5 = scans/probes/attempted access CAT 6 = investigation

Arrange the steps of the incident response process into the correct order.

Preparation Detection and Analysis Investigation Mitigation and Recovery Postincident anaylsis

Three common controls used to protect the availability of information are

Redundancy, backups and access controls

Smart devices, BYOD strategies and freely available applications and services are all examples of:

The reorientation of technologies and services designed around the individual end user

The layer of the OSI model ensures that data are transferred reliably in the correct sequence, and the layer coordinates and manages user connections.

b. transport, session

Select all that apply. Which of the following statements about advanced persistent threats (APTs) are true? a. APTs typically originate from sources such as organized crime groups, activists or governments b. APTs use obfuscation techniques that help them remain undiscovered for months or even years c. APTs are ofter long-term, multi-phase projects with a focus on reconnaissance d. The APTs attack cycle begins with target penetration and collection of sensitive information e. Although they are often associated with APTs, intelligence agencies are rarely the perpetrators of APT attacks

a. APTs typically originate from sources such as organized crime groups, activists or governments b. APTs use obfuscation techniques that help them remain undiscovered for months or even years c. APTs are ofter long-term, multi-phase projects with a focus on reconnaissance

Select all that apply. Which of the following are considered functional areas of network management as defined by ISO? a. accounting management b. fault management c. firewall management d. performance management e. security management

a. accounting management b. fault management d. performance management e. security management

The number and types of layers needed for defense in depth are a function of:

a. asset value, criticality, reliability of each control and degree of exposure

Select all that apply. The Internet perimeter should: a. detect and block traffic from infected internal end points b. eliminate threat such as spam, viruses and worms c. format, encrypt and compress data d. control user traffic bound toward the Internet e. monitor and detect network ports for rogue activity

a. detect and block traffic from infected internal end points b. eliminate threat such as spam, viruses and worms d. control user traffic bound toward the Internet e. monitor and detect network ports for rogue activity

Choose three. Which types of risk are typically associated with mobile devices? a. organizational risk b. compliance risk c. technical risk d. physical risk e. transactional risk

a. organizational risk c. technical risk d. physical risk

Select all that apply. Governance has several goals, including: a. providing strategic direction b. ensuring that objectives are achieved c. verifying that organizational resources are being used appropriately d. directing and monitoring security activities e. ascertaining whether risk is being managed properly

a. providing strategic direction b. ensuring that objectives are achieved c. verifying that organizational resources are being used appropriately e. ascertaining whether risk is being managed properly

A(n) ............. is something of value worth protecting.

asset

The path or route used to gain access to the target asset is known as a(n) ................. .

attack vector

Choose three. There key benefits of the DMZ system are: a. DMZs are based on logical rather than physical connections b. an intruder must penetrate three separate devices. c. private network addresses are not disclosed to the Internet d. excellent performance and scalability as Internet usage grows e. internal systems do not have direct access to the Internet

b. an intruder must penetrate three separate devices. c. private network addresses are not disclosed to the Internet e. internal systems do not have direct access to the Internet

System hardening should implement the principle or or..

b. least privilege, access controls

Choose three. According to the NIST framework, which of the following are considered key functions necessary for the protection of digital assets? a. encrypt b. protect c. investigate d. recover e. identify

b. protect d. recover e. identify

Select all that apply. A business impact analysis (BIA) should identify: a. the circumstances under which a disaster should be declared b. the estimated probability of the identified threats actually occurring c. the efficiency and effectiveness of existing risk mitigation controls d. a list of potential vulnerabilities, dangers and/or threats e. which types of data backups (full, incremental and differential) will be used

b. the estimated probability of the identified threats actually occurring c. the efficiency and effectiveness of existing risk mitigation controls d. a list of potential vulnerabilities, dangers and/or threats

Select three. The chain of custody contains information regarding: a. disaster recovery objectives, resources and personnel b. who had access to the evidence, in chronological order c. labor, union and privacy regulations d. proof that the analysis is based on copies identical to the original evidence e. the procedures followed in working with the evidence

b. who had access to the evidence, in chronological order d. proof that the analysis is based on copies identical to the original evidence e. the procedures followed in working with the evidence

Which of the following cybersecurity roles is charged with the duty of managing incidents and remediation? a. board of directors b. executive committee c. cybersecurity management d. cyber security practitioners

c. cybersecurity management

Vulnerability management begins with an understanding of cybersecurity assets and their locations, which can be accomplished by:

c. maintaining an asset inventory

.................... is defined as "a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management or service provider interaction."

cloud computing

Which three elements of the current threat landscape have provided increased levels of access and connectivity, and therefore increased opportunities for cybercrime?

cloud computing, social media and mobile computing

Which of the following best stated the role of encryption within an overall cybersecurity program? a. encryption is the primary means of securing digital assets b. encryption depends upon shared secrets and is therefore an unreliable means of control c. a program's encryption elements should be handled by a third-part cryptologist d. encryption is an essential but incomplete form of access control

d. encryption is an essential but incomplete form of access control

Put the steps of penetration testing phase into the correct order: a. attack b. discovery c. reporting d. planning

d. planning b. discovery a. attack c. reporting

Which of the following is the best definition for cybersecurity? a. the process by which an organization manages manages cybersecurity risk to an acceptable level b. the protection of information from unauthorized access or disclosure c. the protection of paper documents, digital and intellectual property, and verbal or visual communications d. protecting information assets by addressing threats to information that is processed, stored or transported by interworked information systems

d. protecting information assets by addressing threats to information that is processed, stored or transported by interworked information systems

............... are solutions to software programming and coding errors.

patches

In an attack, the container that delivers the exploit to the target is called a(n) ................ .

payload

................. provide details on how to comply with policies and standards.

procedures

The core duty of cybersecurity is to identify, respond and manage ............... to an organization's digital assets.

risk

.................... is a class of malware that hides the existence of other malware by modifying the underlying operating system.

rootkit

............... are used to interpret policies in specific situations.

standards