Data Quiz - APCSP

Which of the following is an advantage of a lossless compression algorithm over a lossy compression algorithm?

A lossless compression algorithm can guarantee reconstruction of original data, while a lossy compression algorithm cannot.

ASCII is a character-encoding scheme that uses 7 bits to represent each character. The decimal (base 10) values 65 through 90 represent the capital letters A through Z, as shown in the table below. What ASCII character is represented by the binary (base 2) number 1001010 ?

J

The table below shows the time a computer system takes to complete a specified task on the customer data of different-sized companies. (table) Based on the information in the table, which of the following tasks is likely to take the longest amount of time when scaled up for a very large company of approximately 100,000 customers?

Sorting data

A team of researchers wants to create a program to analyze the amount of pollution reported in roughly 3,000 counties across the United States. The program is intended to combine county data sets and then process the data. Which of the following is most likely to be a challenge in creating the program?

Different counties may organize data in different ways.

A large data set contains information about all students majoring in computer science in colleges across the United States. The data set contains the following information about each student. The student's gender The state in which the student attends college The student's grade point average on a 4.0 scale Which of the following questions could be answered by analyzing only information in the data set?

How many states have a higher percentage of female computer science majors than male computer science majors attending college in that state?

A camera mounted on the dashboard of a car captures an image of the view from the driver's seat every second. Each image is stored as data. Along with each image, the camera also captures and stores the car's speed, the date and time, and the car's GPS location as metadata. Which of the following can best be determined using only the data and none of the metadata?

The number of bicycles the car passed on a particular day

A retailer that sells footwear maintains a single database containing records with the following information about each item for sale in the retailer's store. Item identification number Footwear type (sneakers, boots, sandals, etc.) Selling price (in dollars) Size Color Quantity available Using only the database, which of the following can be determined?

Which items listed in the database are not currently in the store

Computers are often used to search through large sets of data to find useful patterns in the data. Which of the following tasks is NOT an example where searching for patterns is needed to produce useful information?

A high school analyzing student grades to identify the students with the top ten highest grade point averages

A wildlife preserve is developing an interactive exhibit for its guests. The exhibit is intended to allow guests to select the name of an animal on a touch screen and display various facts about the selected animal. For example, if a guest selects the animal name "wolf," the exhibit is intended to display the following information. Classification: mammal Skin type: fur Thermoregulation: warm-blooded Lifestyle: pack Average life span: 10-12 years Top speed: 75 kilometers/hour The preserve has two databases of information available to use for the exhibit. The first database contains information for each animal's name, classification, skin type, and thermoregulation. The second database contains information for each animal's name, lifestyle, average life span, and top speed. Which of the following explains how the two databases can be used to develop the interactive exhibit?

Both databases are needed. Each database can be searched by animal name to find all information to be displayed.

A digital photo file contains data representing the level of red, green, and blue for each pixel in the photo. The file also contains metadata that describes the date and geographic location where the photo was taken. For which of the following goals would analyzing the metadata be more appropriate than analyzing the data?

Determining the likelihood that the photo was taken at a particular public event

Biologists often attach tracking collars to wild animals. For each animal, the following geolocation data is collected at frequent intervals. The time The date The location of the animal Which of the following questions about a particular animal could NOT be answered using only the data collected from the tracking collars?

Do the movement patterns of the animal vary according to the weather?

A large spreadsheet contains information about the photographs in a museum's collection. A sample portion of the spreadsheet is shown below. (table) In column A, each unknown photographer is set to "(unknown)". In column C, each unknown year is set to -1. A student is developing an algorithm to determine the name of the photographer who took the oldest photograph in the collection. Photographs whose photographer or year are unknown are to be ignored. Once the algorithm is complete, the desired entry will appear in the first row of the spreadsheet. If there are multiple entries that meet the desired criteria, then any of them can appear in the first row. The student has the following actions available. (table) Assume that applying either of the filters will not change the relative order of the rows remaining in the spreadsheet. Which of the following sequences of steps can be used to identify the desired entry? Select two answers.

Filter by photographer, then filter by year, then sort by year Sort by year, then filter by year, then filter by photographer

A teacher sends students an anonymous survey in order to learn more about the students' work habits. The survey contains the following questions. On average, how long does homework take you each night (in minutes) ? On average, how long do you study for each test (in minutes) ? Do you enjoy the subject material of this class (yes or no) ? Which of the following questions about the students who responded to the survey can the teacher answer by analyzing the survey results? I. Do students who enjoy the subject material tend to spend more time on homework each night than the other students do? II. Do students who spend more time on homework each night tend to spend less time studying for tests than the other students do? III. Do students who spend more time studying for tests tend to earn higher grades in the class than the other students do?

I and II

A cable television company stores information about movie purchases made by subscribers. Each day, the following information is summarized and stored in a publicly available database. The day and date each movie was purchased The title of each movie purchased The cities where subscribers purchased each movie The number of times each movie was purchased by subscribers in a given city A sample portion of the database is shown below. The database is sorted by date and movie title. (table) Which of the following CANNOT be determined using only the information in the database?

The number of movies purchased by an individual subscriber for a particular month

A certain social media Web site allows users to post messages and to comment on other messages that have been posted. When a user posts a message, the message itself is considered data. In addition to the data, the site stores the following metadata. The time the message was posted The name of the user who posted the message The names of any users who comment on the message and the times the comments were made For which of the following goals would it be more useful to analyze the data instead of the metadata?

To determine the topics that many users are posting about

A student is creating a Web site that is intended to display information about a city based on a city name that a user enters in a text field. Which of the following are likely to be challenges associated with processing city names that users might provide as input? Select two answers.

Users might enter abbreviations for the names of cities. Users might misspell the name of the city.

Two lists, list1 and list2, contain the names of books found in two different collections. A librarian wants to create newList, which will contain the names of all books found in either list, in alphabetical order, with duplicate entries removed. For example, if list1 contains ["Macbeth", "Frankenstein", "Jane Eyre"] and list2 contains ["Frankenstein", "Dracula", "Macbeth", "Hamlet"], then newList will contain ["Dracula", "Frankenstein", "Hamlet", "Jane Eyre", "Macbeth"]. The following procedures are available to create newList. (table) Which of the following code segments will correctly create newList ?

newList ← Combine (list1, list2) newList ← Sort (newList) newList ← RemoveDuplicates (newList)