Deaf Culture Quiz Questions

__1__ Audiology __2__ Audiologist __3__ Audiogram

1. i. The field associated with detecting hearing loss and proposing accommodations. 2. ii. A professional who specializes in detecting hearing levels and proposing accommodations. 3. iii. A chart that measures sound in decibels and pitch.

Ethnologue estimates there are________different sign languages used in the world.

137

ASL was formally recognized as a natural language inby William C. Stokoe, Dorothy Casterline and Carl Cronenberg.

1960

How many people in the United States have some difficulty with hearing?

36 million people.

Approximately how many Deaf Americans are there in the United States?

500,000

Jacobs (1996) says that the average number of years needed to become fluent in ASL is:

7

What is the percentage of deaf people/children who have hearing parents as opposed to deaf people/children who have deaf parents?

96%

Stereotyping happens when:

A person makes a judgment that generalizes to everyone in the stigmatized group, whether true or not.

Audism represents:

A system of advantage based on hearing or speaking ability.

Attempts in the past to make Deaf people hear include:

All of the above.

How many Deaf people do not receive an interpreter during legal procedures?

Approximately 25%.

How many deaf people are there in the world?

Approximately 360 million in the world have "disabling" hearing loss.

The four acculturation strategies used by people encountering a new culture include:

Assimilation; separation; integration; and marginalization strategies.

Deaf people experience domestic and sexual violence:

At a much more alarming rate than hearing people.

Deaf people who are sick or hurt often:

Avoid health care services because of communication issues.

What is the definition of 'culture'?

Culture is generally defined as the values, beliefs and practices of a group of people.

What is Deaf culture?

Deaf culture refers to the beliefs, mores, artistic expressions, behaviors, understanding, and language expressions that Deaf people use.

Weinberg and Sterritt (1986) discovered that within the disability framework, the best adjusted Deaf people identified themselves as:

Dual Identification; identification with both able-bodied and disabled worlds.

According to Mitchiner (2015), Deaf parents view:

English as a "survival language", to succeed in an English-dominant country and ASL as a "cultural language", for community and cultural identity.

For all babies, language is primarily learned through (choose two answers):

Eyes.

Tajfel (1981) explains that social identity theory is heavily rooted in:

Group relationships and social orientations.

The first school for the deaf, now known as the American School for the Deaf, was established by Deaf Frenchman Laurent Clerc and hearing American Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet induring the year of.

Hartford, Connecticut; 1817.

What are CODAs in the context of the Deaf-World?

Hearing children of Deaf adults.

ASL is spread mostly through:

Horizontal transfer, from deaf person to deaf person.

The five domains of acculturation for Deaf and hearing cultures are:

Identification; involvement; preferences; language competence; and knowledge domains.

Members of Deaf communities fight for Deaf children (e.g. Child First campaign) to be educated:

In classrooms with deaf peers, learning through sign language.

When and how did the term 'Deaf culture' become more widespread?

In the late 1980s when Deaf in America: Voices from a Culture (Padden & Humphries) was published.

According to Humphries (2004), Deaf teachers play an important role in ASL/English bilingual programs because they are:

Native signers, bilingual models and know how to integrate cultural language learning strategies in the classroom.

ASL is classified as a "foreign language" in the United States, just like:

Navajo

As of 2015, are theaters required by law to provide captioning access to to their movies?

No

American Sign Language, which is slightly less than 300 years old, came from several older sign languages. What were they?

Old Spanish and French Sign Language, Native American Sign Languages, and the sign languages of New England villages.

Deaf individuals have better:

Peripheral vision than hearing people.

Wijeyesinghe & Jackson (2012) describes the process of how people of color become aware of their racial identities in five stages which are:

Pre-encounter/conformity stage; dissonance/encounter stage; resistance/immersion stage; internalization/introspection stage; and integrative awareness stage.

Deaf employees are underrepresented in:

Professional or managerial occupations.

What are audiograms typically used for?

Qualifying for the Deaflympics, receiving vocational rehabilitation and social security benefits or for admission at an educational institution serving deaf students.

Most Deaf people learn English through:

Reading.

A Deaf person goes to a sports bar, and asks the manager to turn on the captions. The manager turns it on. After a few minutes, a hearing customer nearby asks the manager to turn off the captions. The manager turns it off. The Deaf person asks the manager to mute the TV. The manager laughs and mutes the TV. What is this called?

Resilience.

A Deaf-friendly classroom or setting typically consists of:

Seats in a semi-circle around the presenter.

What does the term, 'hearing world' mean?

Spaces populated by hearing people, who hear and speak.

The phases in Deaf identity development for Deaf adults with hearing parents include five phases:

Taken-for-granted; alienation; affiliation; and Deaf-in-my-own-way phases.

When someone says that a Deaf person's primary (or dominant) language is ASL, what does that usually mean?

That the Deaf person prefers to communicate in ASL.

Which law represented a major paradigm shift regarding accessibility in the United States?

The Architectural Barriers Act of 1968.

How do deaf children of non-signing hearing parents develop their deaf identity early in life?

The family talks about being deaf as a sensory experience (instead of as a deficient, broken).

Spoken and sign languages activate what part of the brain?

The same area of the brain, responsible for language.

Discrimination happens when:

There is a negative action against members of a group.

When children (deaf or otherwise) do not receive early access to language, what happens to them?

They will experience cognitive and language deprivation issues growing up.

Americans with Disabilities Act is a:

Wide-ranging civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against disability and required accessibility for all public areas.

Can someone grow up as a member of other culture(s), and then join/add Deaf culture later in their lives?

Yes

Approximately 2/3 of the deaf genes:

are nonsyndromic.

Universal design is the belief that creating designs and products should:

benefit all people, rather than inventing something then adding adaptions to accommodate particular people with disabilities.

Mayberry (2002) explains that invented signs for English (e.g. SE, SEE 1 and 2, CASE, LOVE) may seem like excellent teaching tools for teaching English "on the hands" for deaf children, however, research shows that those invented signs:

do not usually improve the deaf child's English reading and writing skills, and are often not used by adults correctly.

Deaf people are also better than hearing people at:

forming pictures in their mind, remembering objects and moving objects, changing visual attention and scanning visual material, detecting motion and recognizing faces.

Over half of babies born deaf:

inherited their deaf genes.

Sign language has been found to support the child's:

learning of spoken languages, too.

The most common causes of hearing loss in adulthood include:

prolonged exposure to noise, drugs, the aging process, accidents and diseases.

Language milestones for deaf and hearing babies who have equal, and full access to language are:

similar, from finger/vocal babbling to forming basic sentences.

Missionaries and teachers who travel to other countries, teaching American Sign Language (ASL) to local Deaf communities are often responsible for:

the deaths of local, indigenous sign languages.

Intersectionality (Crenshaw, 1989) is defined as:

How different aspects (e.g. race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation and more) of oneÕs life intersect to create unique life experiences.

The telephone has been around since 1900. When were deaf people finally able to use the telephone (with their TTY) to make calls to other deaf people with TTYs?

1970s

Televisions with sound were available since the 1920s, but it was only inthat captions were widely available in analog television sets.

1990, thanks to the Television Decoder Circuitry Act.

In , a nationwide telephone relay service for Deaf callers and hearing callers to connect was finally available 24/7.

2000

It wasn't until after______that there was Spanish (including accent marks) captioning as well as adding video descriptions, translating visual media into an accessible format for blind or low-vision consumers.

2001

When there is a communication breakdown between a hearing non-signer and a Deaf signer, and the Deaf person is blamed, this is called:

Audism, because the hearing person's inadequacy in sign language is not in question.

What does capitalized D in 'Deaf' refer to?

Capitalized 'Deaf' means the culture, language and values of the Deaf people are embraced by the Deaf person.

Deaf children are not always simply deaf, they can also have additional disabilities. Most common additional disabilities for Deaf students according to GRI (2011) are:

Cognitive disabilities, learning disability and vision issues (low vision or blind).

The study by Steinberg, Loew and Sullivan (2010) discovered Deaf people link mental health issues in their communities to:

Communication issues growing up in their families.

Glickman (1996) adapted the racial/cultural identification development model for a theory of Deaf identity development. The four stages are:

Culturally hearing stage; marginal stage; immersion stage; and bicultural stage.

Culturally Deaf people prefer to be called:

Deaf and/or hard-of-hearing.

Researchers during the 1960s through 1980s found that:

Deaf children of Deaf parents had higher scores when compared to deaf children of hearing parents.

In the United States, when someone says Deaf children struggle with reading and writing, you know that this person operates in the:

Deficit model; and that bilingual Deaf children are often deprived of language access from ages 0-5 years and cannot be compared with monolingual hearing children who have full access to language from birth.

Accessibility refers to:

Enabling access for people with disabilities.

Enrolling deaf children in Deaf schools are often used as the last resort after all of the other options are exhausted. According to Olivia & Lytle (2014), people in Deaf communities are frustrated, mainly because:

Full access to spoken English, signed English and hearing role models have been found to be effective for educating deaf children - why not start with something that actually works?

When someone talks about their identity, they are talking about:

How they describe themselves.

What does lowercase d in 'deaf' refer to?

Lowercase deaf means the person has a hearing loss, prefers to use spoken language and socialize with hearing people.

Which sign language was used by both Deaf and hearing people in schools, churches and at the marketplace?

Martha's Vineyard Sign Language (MVSL).

Eugenics is the belief that the human population:

can be improved by having the more superior humans breed, and the inferior, problematic humans removed or sterilized.

Deaf children who have no access to language from birth:

often invent their own system of gestures to express themselves.

The cochlea is the size of a:

pea