Decision Making Ch. 1
experimental learning
-provides mock life experiences to learn from -allows learners to apply leadership and management theory -promotes whole brain thinking and improved problems-solving skills
heuristics
-use trial-and error methods or a rule of thumb apporach to problem-solving rather than set rules
critical thinking
the mental process of actively and skilfully conceptualising, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information to reach an answer or conclusion
recognition-primed decision model for intuitive decision making
-individuals act on first impulse if the "imagined future" looks acceptable -blends intuition and analysis, but pattern recognition and experience guide decision makers when time is limited, or systematic rational decision making is not possible
problem solving
part of decision making; a systmatic process focusing on analyzing a difficult situation involving higher-order reasoning and evaluation
the nursing process
assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation
right brain
creative intuitive
what are some decision-making tools?
-decision grids -payoff tables -decision trees -consequence tables -logic models -program evaluation and review technique
traditional problem-solving process
1. Identify the problem 2. Gather data to analyze the causes and consequences of the problem 3. Explore alternative solutions 4. Evaluate the alternatives 5. Select the appropriate solution 6. Implement the solution 7. Evaluate the results
-flowchart -predicts when events must take place -show what must ocur in sequence
Program evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)
decision making
a complex, cognitive process of choosing a particular course of action; the thought process of selecting a logical choice from a available options
managerial decision making models
also known as rational decision-making model 1. Determine the decision and the desired outcome (set objectives) 2. Research and identify options 3. Compare and contrast these options and their consequences 4. Make a decision 5. Implement an action plan 6. Evaluate results
what is a type of heruistic, that is an initial source of information that is used as an anchor for the basis of decision-making this is a type of implicit bias
anchoring bias
elastic thinking
arises from what scientists call "bottom-up" processes because this kind of processing is nonlinear, it can produce creative ideas that would not have arisen in the step-by-step progression of analytical thinking
demonstrate how various alternatives create different consequences lists objectives and a table fo how each alternative would meet the objective
consequence table
decisions are often tied to outcomes of other events
decision tree
clinical reasoning
integrating and applying different types of knowledge to weigh evidence, critically think about arguments and reflect on the process used to arrive at diagnosis
left brain
language logic numbers
schematics or pictures -includes resources, processes and desired outcomes -depicts the relationships
logic models
vicarious learning
nonstructured and creative ways for learning 1. case studies 2. simulations 3. problem- based learning
cost- profit determine probabilities use historical data
payoff table
what are the characteristics of successful decision-makers
self aware courageous sensitive energetic creative
integrated ethical problem-solving model
•Determine whether there is an ethical issue or/and dilemma •Identify key values and principles involved •Rank the values or ethical principles •Develop an action plan •Implement the plan •Reflect on the outcome
