Describe Azure compute and networking services 2/4

Which Azure Virtual Machine feature staggers updates across VMs based on their update domain and fault domain? A. Availability sets B. Scale sets C. Update sets

A. Availability sets stagger VM updates based on their update and fault domains. Scale sets

Which Azure service allows users to use a cloud hosted version of Windows from any location and connect from most modern browsers? A. Azure Virtual Desktop B. Azure Virtual Machines C. Azure Container Instances

A. Azure Virtual Desktop provides access to a cloud-hosted version of Windows, and it works with most modern browsers.

Much like hosting a website, you can build REST-based web _____ by using your choice of language and framework. You get full Swagger support and the ability to package and publish your API in Azure Marketplace. The produced apps can be consumed from any HTTP- or HTTPS-based client.

APIs

With ___ ____, you can host most common app service styles like: Web apps API apps WebJobs Mobile apps

App Service

___ ____ handles most of the infrastructure decisions you deal with in hosting web-accessible apps: Deployment and management are integrated into the platform. Endpoints can be secured. Sites can be scaled quickly to handle high traffic loads. The built-in load balancing and traffic manager provide high availability.

App Service

There are other hosting options that you can use with Azure, including Azure ___ ____

App Service.

____ DNS also supports alias record sets. You can use an alias record set to refer to an Azure resource, such as an Azure public IP address, an Azure Traffic Manager profile, or an Azure Content Delivery Network (CDN) endpoint. If the IP address of the underlying resource changes, the alias record set seamlessly updates itself during DNS resolution. The alias record set points to the service instance, and the service instance is associated with an IP address.

Azure

____ virtual network allows you to create multiple isolated virtual networks. When you set up a virtual network, you define a private IP address space by using either public or private IP address ranges. The IP range only exists within the virtual network and isn't internet routable. You can divide that IP address space into subnets and allocate part of the defined address space to each named subnet.

Azure

____DNS is a hosting service for DNS domains that provides name resolution by using Microsoft Azure infrastructure. By hosting your domains in Azure, you can manage your DNS records using the same credentials, APIs, tools, and billing as your other Azure services.

Azure

_____ DNS also supports private DNS domains. This feature allows you to use your own custom domain names in your private virtual networks, rather than being stuck with the Azure-provided names.

Azure

_____ DNS is based on Azure Resource Manager, which provides features such as: Azure role-based access control (Azure RBAC) to control who has access to specific actions for your organization. Activity logs to monitor how a user in your organization modified a resource or to find an error when troubleshooting. Resource locking to lock a subscription, resource group, or resource. Locking prevents other users in your organization from accidentally deleting or modifying critical resources.

Azure

_____ DNS leverages the scope and scale of Microsoft Azure to provide numerous benefits, including: Reliability and performance Security Ease of Use Customizable virtual networks Alias records

Azure

_____DNS can manage DNS records for your Azure services and provide DNS for your external resources as well. Azure DNS is integrated in the Azure portal and uses the same credentials, support contract, and billing as your other Azure services.

Azure

______ virtual networks provide the following key networking capabilities: Isolation and segmentation Internet communications Communicate between Azure resources Communicate with on-premises resources Route network traffic Filter network traffic Connect virtual networks

Azure

_______ virtual networking supports both public and private endpoints to enable communication between external or internal resources with other internal resources.

Azure

___ ____ lets you extend your on-premises networks into the Microsoft cloud over a private connection, with the help of a connectivity provider. This connection is called an ExpressRoute Circuit. With ExpressRoute, you can establish connections to Microsoft cloud services, such as Microsoft Azure and Microsoft 365. This allows you to connect offices, datacenters, or other facilities to the Microsoft cloud. Each location would have its own ExpressRoute circuit.

Azure ExpressRoute

You'll want to enable ____ _____to communicate securely with each other. You can do that in one of two ways: Virtual networks can connect not only VMs but other Azure resources, such as the App Service Environment for Power Apps, Azure Kubernetes Service, and Azure virtual machine scale sets. Service endpoints can connect to other Azure resource types, such as Azure SQL databases and storage accounts. This approach enables you to link multiple Azure resources to virtual networks to improve security and provide optimal routing between resources.

Azure resources

________ refers to your datacenter, office, or other facility being physically co-located at a cloud exchange, such as an ISP. If your facility is co-located at a cloud exchange, you can request a virtual cross-connect to the Microsoft cloud.

Co-location

______ are often used to create solutions by using a microservice architecture. This architecture is where you break solutions into smaller, independent pieces. For example, you might split a website into a container hosting your front end, another hosting your back end, and a third for storage. This split allows you to separate portions of your app into logical sections that can be maintained, scaled, or updated independently.

Containers

____ domains in Azure DNS are hosted on Azure's global network of DNS name servers, providing resiliency and high availability. Azure DNS uses anycast networking, so each DNS query is answered by the closest available DNS server to provide fast performance and high availability for your domain.

DNS

Another type of virtual machine is the Azure Virtual _____

Desktop

Another high-availability option is to configure a VPN gateway as a secure failover path for __________ connections. ExpressRoute circuits have resiliency built in. However, they aren't immune to physical problems that affect the cables delivering connectivity or outages that affect the complete ExpressRoute location. In high-availability scenarios, where there's risk associated with an outage of an ExpressRoute circuit, you can also provision a VPN gateway that uses the internet as an alternative method of connectivity. In this way, you can ensure there's always a connection to the virtual networks.

ExpressRoute

Connectivity can be from an any-to-any (IP VPN) network, a point-to-point Ethernet network, or a virtual cross-connection through a connectivity provider at a colocation facility. ExpressRoute connections don't go over the public Internet. This allows _______connections to offer more reliability, faster speeds, consistent latencies, and higher security than typical connections over the Internet.

ExpressRoute

With ______, your data doesn't travel over the public internet, so it's not exposed to the potential risks associated with internet communications. ExpressRoute is a private connection from your on-premises infrastructure to your Azure infrastructure. Even if you have an ExpressRoute connection, DNS queries, certificate revocation list checking, and Azure Content Delivery Network requests are still sent over the public internet.

ExpressRoute

You can enable _______ Global Reach to exchange data across your on-premises sites by connecting your ExpressRoute circuits. For example, say you had an office in Asia and a datacenter in Europe, both with ExpressRoute circuits connecting them to the Microsoft network. You could use ExpressRoute Global Reach to connect those two facilities, allowing them to communicate without transferring data over the public internet.

ExpressRoute

_______ supports four models that you can use to connect your on-premises network to the Microsoft cloud: CloudExchange colocation Point-to-point Ethernet connection Any-to-any connection Directly from ExpressRoute sites

ExpressRoute

_______ uses the BGP. BGP is used to exchange routes between on-premises networks and resources running in Azure. This protocol enables dynamic routing between your on-premises network and services running in the Microsoft cloud.

ExpressRoute

_________enables direct access to the following services in all regions: Microsoft Office 365 Microsoft Dynamics 365 Azure compute services, such as Azure Virtual Machines Azure cloud services, such as Azure Cosmos DB and Azure Storage

ExpressRoute

Azure _____ is an event-driven, serverless compute option that doesn't require maintaining virtual machines or containers. If you build an app using VMs or containers, those resources have to be "running" in order for your app to function. With Azure Functions, an event wakes the function, alleviating the need to keep resources provisioned when there are no events.

Functions

Using Azure Functions is ideal when you're only concerned about the code running your service and not about the underlying platform or infrastructure. ______ are commonly used when you need to perform work in response to an event (often via a REST request), timer, or message from another Azure service, and when that work can be completed quickly, within seconds or less.

Functions

______ are a key component of serverless computing. They're also a general compute platform for running any type of code. If the needs of the developer's app change, you can deploy the project in an environment that isn't serverless. This flexibility allows you to manage scaling, run on virtual networks, and even completely isolate the functions.

Functions

______ can be either stateless or stateful. When they're stateless (the default), they behave as if they're restarted every time they respond to an event. When they're stateful (called Durable Functions), a context is passed through the function to track prior activity.

Functions

Use the ____ ____ feature of App Service to quickly build a back end for iOS and Android apps. With just a few actions in the Azure portal, you can: Store mobile app data in a cloud-based SQL database. Authenticate customers against common social providers, such as MSA, Google, Twitter, and Facebook. Send push notifications. Execute custom back-end logic in C# or Node.js. On the mobile app side, there's SDK support for native iOS and Android, Xamarin, and React native apps.

Mobile Apps

Azure virtual networks enable you to filter traffic between subnets by using the following approaches: ____ ___ groups are Azure resources that can contain multiple inbound and outbound security rules. You can define these rules to allow or block traffic, based on factors such as source and destination IP address, port, and protocol. ___ ____ appliances are specialized VMs that can be compared to a hardened network appliance. A network virtual appliance carries out a particular network function, such as running a firewall or performing wide area network (WAN) optimization.

Network security Network virtual

________ ethernet connection refers to using a point-to-point connection to connect your facility to the Microsoft cloud.

Point-to-point

______ endpoints have a public IP address and can be accessed from anywhere in the world. _____ endpoints exist within a virtual network and have a private IP address from within the address space of that virtual network.

Public Private

By default, Azure routes traffic between subnets on any connected virtual networks, on-premises networks, and the internet. You also can control routing and override those settings, as follows: ___ ____ allow you to define rules about how traffic should be directed. You can create custom route tables that control how packets are routed between subnets. ___ ____ ___ (BGP) works with Azure VPN gateways, Azure Route Server, or Azure ExpressRoute to propagate on-premises BGP routes to Azure virtual networks.

Route tables Border Gateway Protocol

Azure App _____ is an HTTP-based service for hosting web applications, REST APIs, and mobile back ends. It supports multiple languages, including .NET, .NET Core, Java, Ruby, Node.js, PHP, or Python. It also supports both Windows and Linux environments.

Service

VMs are an ideal choice when you need: ____ ____ over the operating system (OS). The ability to run custom software. To use custom hosting configurations.

Total control

Availability sets do this by grouping VMs in two ways: update domain and fault domain. _____ domain: The update domain groups VMs that can be rebooted at the same time. This allows you to apply updates while knowing that only one update domain grouping will be offline at a time. All of the machines in one update domain will be updated. An update group going through the update process is given a 30-minute time to recover before maintenance on the next update domain starts. ______ domain: The fault domain groups your VMs by common power source and network switch. By default, an availability set will split your VMs across up to three fault domains. This helps protect against a physical power or networking failure by having VMs in different fault domains (thus being connected to different power and networking resources).

Update Fault

___ ___ ___ (UDR) allow you to control the routing tables between subnets within a virtual network or between virtual networks. This allows for greater control over network traffic flow.

User-defined routes

When you provision a VM, you'll also have the chance to pick the resources that are associated with that ____, including: Size (purpose, number of processor cores, and amount of RAM) Storage disks (hard disk drives, solid state drives, etc.) Networking (virtual network, public IP address, and port configuration)

VM

____ also may be the most familiar hosting method if you're new to the cloud. Containers, with the ability to isolate and individually manage different aspects of the hosting solution, can also be a robust and compelling option.

VMs

____ are also an excellent choice when you move from a physical server to the cloud (also known as lift and shift). You can create an image of the physical server and host it within a VM with little or no changes. Just like a physical on-premises server, you must maintain the VM: you're responsible for maintaining the installed OS and software.

VMs

A _____ gateway is a type of virtual network gateway. Azure VPN Gateway instances are deployed in a dedicated subnet of the virtual network and enable the following connectivity: Connect on-premises datacenters to virtual networks through a site-to-site connection. Connect individual devices to virtual networks through a point-to-site connection. Connect virtual networks to other virtual networks through a network-to-network connection.

VPN

If you're configuring a _____ to keep your information safe, you also want to be sure that it's a highly available and fault tolerant VPN configuration. There are a few ways to maximize the resiliency of your VPN gateway.

VPN

Policy-based ____ gateways specify statically the IP address of packets that should be encrypted through each tunnel. This type of device evaluates every data packet against those sets of IP addresses to choose the tunnel where that packet is going to be sent through. In Route-based gateways, IPSec tunnels are modeled as a network interface or virtual tunnel interface. IP routing (either static routes or dynamic routing protocols) decides which one of these tunnel interfaces to use when sending each packet. Route-based VPNs are the preferred connection method for on-premises devices. They're more resilient to topology changes such as the creation of new subnets.

VPN

Use a route-based _____ gateway if you need any of the following types of connectivity: Connections between virtual networks Point-to-site connections Multisite connections Coexistence with an Azure ExpressRoute gateway

VPN

When you deploy a ____ gateway, you specify the VPN type: either policy-based or route-based. The main difference between these two types of VPNs is how traffic to be encrypted is specified. In Azure, both types of VPN gateways use a pre-shared key as the only method of authentication.

VPN

By default, ____ gateways are deployed as two instances in an _________ configuration, even if you only see one VPN gateway resource in Azure. When planned maintenance or unplanned disruption affects the active instance, the standby instance automatically assumes responsibility for connections without any user intervention. Connections are interrupted during this failover, but they're typically restored within a few seconds for planned maintenance and within 90 seconds for unplanned disruptions.

VPN active/standby

You can use the _____ feature to run a program (.exe, Java, PHP, Python, or Node.js) or script (.cmd, .bat, PowerShell, or Bash) in the same context as a web app, API app, or mobile app. They can be scheduled or run by a trigger. WebJobs are often used to run background tasks as part of your application logic.

WebJobs

With the introduction of support for the BGP routing protocol, you can also deploy VPN gateways in an ________/_______ configuration. In this configuration, you assign a unique public IP address to each instance. You then create separate tunnels from the on-premises device to each IP address. You can extend the high availability by deploying an additional VPN device on-premises.

active/active

nstead, with virtual machine scale sets, Azure _______most of that work. Scale sets allow you to centrally manage, configure, and update a large number of VMs in minutes. The number of VM instances can automatically increase or decrease in response to demand, or you can set it to scale based on a defined schedule. Virtual machine scale sets also automatically deploy a load balancer to make sure that your resources are being used efficiently. With virtual machine scale sets, you can build large-scale services for areas such as compute, big data, and container workloads.

automates

Virtual machine _____ ____ are another tool to help you build a more resilient, highly available environment. Availability sets are designed to ensure that VMs stagger updates and have varied power and network connectivity, preventing you from losing all your VMs with a single network or power failure.

availability sets

Azure Virtual Desktop works across devices and operating systems, and works with apps that you can use to access remote desktops or most modern _____

browsers.

App Service enables you to ____ and ___ web apps, background jobs, mobile back-ends, and RESTful APIs in the programming language of your choice without managing infrastructure.

build and host

An Azure VM gives you the flexibility of virtualization without having to ____ and ___the physical hardware that runs the VM. However, as an IaaS offering, you still need to configure, update, and maintain the software that runs on the VM.

buy and maintain

Azure virtual networks enable you to link resources together in your on-premises environment and within your Azure subscription. In effect, you can create a network that spans both your local and ______ environments

cloud

When running applications in the _____. The ability to run certain applications in the public cloud as opposed to creating a traditional infrastructure to run them can provide substantial economic benefits. For example, an application might need to handle fluctuations in demand. Shutting down VMs when you don't need them or quickly starting them up to meet a sudden increase in demand means you pay only for the resources you use.

cloud

With Azure Virtual Machines (VMs), you can create and use VMs in the _____

cloud

Imagine your website back-end has reached capacity but the front end and storage aren't being stressed. With containers, you could scale the back end separately to improve performance. If something necessitated such a change, you could also choose to change the storage service or modify the front end without impacting any of the other ______.

components

Azure virtual networks and virtual subnets enable Azure resources, such as VMs, web apps, and databases, to communicate with each other, with users on the internet, and with your on-premises client ______.

computers

Each ____ ____ uses redundant devices to ensure that connections established with Microsoft are highly available. You can configure multiple circuits to complement this feature.

connectivity provider

Virtual machine scale sets let you _____ and ______ a group of identical, load-balanced VMs. If you simply created multiple VMs with the same purpose, you'd need to ensure they were all configured identically and then set up network routing parameters to ensure efficiency. You'd also have to monitor the utilization to determine if you need to increase or decrease the number of VMs.

create and manage

You can even ____ or ____ an already created image to rapidly provision VMs. You can create and provision a VM in minutes when you select a preconfigured VM image. An image is a template used to create a VM and may already include an OS and other software, like development tools or web hosting environments.

create or use

Best of all, there's no additional cost for configuring an availability set. You only pay for the VM instances you_____

create.

All ____ transfer is encrypted inside a private tunnel as it crosses the internet. You can deploy only one VPN gateway in each virtual network. However, you can use one gateway to connect to multiple locations, which includes other virtual networks or on-premises datacenters.

data

With Azure Virtual Desktop, the _____ and _____ are separated from the local hardware. The actual desktop and apps are running in the cloud, meaning the risk of confidential data being left on a personal device is reduced. Additionally, user sessions are isolated in both single and multi-session environments.

data and apps

When extending your ______ to the cloud: An organization can extend the capabilities of its own on-premises network by creating a virtual network in Azure and adding VMs to that virtual network. Applications like SharePoint can then run on an Azure VM instead of running locally. This arrangement makes it easier or less expensive to deploy than in an on-premises environment.

datacenter

During _______ recovery: As with running certain types of applications in the cloud and extending an on-premises network to the cloud, you can get significant cost savings by using an IaaS-based approach to disaster recovery. If a primary datacenter fails, you can create VMs running on Azure to run your critical applications and then shut them down when the primary datacenter becomes operational again.

disaster

All of these app styles are hosted in the same infrastructure and share these benefits. This ______makes App Service the ideal choice to host web-oriented applications.

flexibility

You can connect directly into the Microsoft's ___ ___ at a peering location strategically distributed across the world. ExpressRoute Direct provides dual 100 Gbps or 10-Gbps connectivity, which supports Active/Active connectivity at scale.

global network

You can run single VMs for testing, development, or minor tasks. Or you can _____VMs together to provide high availability, scalability, and redundancy. Azure can also manage the grouping of VMs for you with features such as scale sets and availability sets.

group

You can enable ____ ____ from the internet by assigning a public IP address to an Azure resource, or putting the resource behind a public load balancer.

incoming connections

VMs provide _______as a service (_aaS) in the form of a virtualized server and can be used in many ways. Just like a physical computer, you can customize all of the software running on your VM.

infrastructure

For name resolution, you can use the name resolution service that's built into Azure. You also can configure the virtual network to use either an ____ or ___ DNS server.

internal or an external

Azure Virtual Desktop is a desktop and application virtualization service that runs on the cloud. It enables you to use a cloud-hosted version of Windows from any _____.

location

Azure App Service is a robust hosting option that you can use to host your apps in Azure. Azure App Service lets you focus on building and _____ your app, and Azure focuses on keeping the environment up and running.

maintaining

Because Azure DNS is running on Azure, it means you can ______ your domains and records with the Azure portal, Azure PowerShell cmdlets, and the cross-platform Azure CLI. Applications that require automated DNS management can integrate with the service by using the REST API and SDKs.

manage

Unlike virtual machines, you don't ______ the operating system for a container. Virtual machines appear to be an instance of an operating system that you can connect to and manage.

manage

Both VMs and containers provide excellent hosting solutions. VMs give you ______control of the hosting environment and allow you to configure it exactly how you want.

maximum

Azure Virtual Desktop lets you use Windows 10 or Windows 11 Enterprise multi-session, the only Windows client-based operating system that enables multiple concurrent users on a single VM. Azure Virtual Desktop also provides a more consistent experience with broader application support compared to Windows Server-based _____ _____

operating systems.

You can think of an Azure network as an extension of your on-premises network with resources that link other Azure _____

resources.

Containers are lightweight and designed to be created, scaled out, and stopped dynamically. It's possible to create and deploy virtual machines as application demand increases, but containers are a lighter weight, more agile method. Containers are designed to allow you to ______to changes on demand.

respond

With containers, you can quickly ______ if there's a crash or hardware interruption. One of the most popular container engines is Docker, which is supported by Azure.

restart

Azure Container Instances offer the fastest and simplest way to run a container in Azure; without having to manage any virtual machines or adopt any additional services. Azure Container Instances are a platform as a service (PaaS) offering. Azure Container Instances allow you to upload your containers and then the service will ____the containers for you.

run

Azure Functions runs your code when it's triggered and automatically deallocates resources when the function is finished. In this model, you're only charged for the CPU time used while your function _____

runs.

It offers automatic _____ and high availability. App Service supports Windows and Linux. It enables automated deployments from GitHub, Azure DevOps, or any Git repo to support a continuous deployment model.

scaling

During _______ and development. VMs provide a quick and easy way to create different OS and application configurations. Test and development personnel can then easily delete the VMs when they no longer need them.

testing

There are ___ ___ for you to achieve this connectivity: Point-to-site virtual private network connections are from a computer outside your organization back into your corporate network. In this case, the client computer initiates an encrypted VPN connection to connect to the Azure virtual network. Site-to-site virtual private networks link your on-premises VPN device or gateway to the Azure VPN gateway in a virtual network. In effect, the devices in Azure can appear as being on the local network. The connection is encrypted and works over the internet. Azure ExpressRoute provides a dedicated private connectivity to Azure that doesn't travel over the internet. ExpressRoute is useful for environments where you need greater bandwidth and even higher levels of security.

three mechanisms

You can link virtual networks together by using virtual network peering. Peering allows ____ virtual networks to connect directly to each other. Network traffic between peered networks is private, and travels on the Microsoft backbone network, never entering the public internet. Peering enables resources in each virtual network to communicate with each other. These virtual networks can be in separate regions, which allows you to create a global interconnected network through Azure.

two

Azure Virtual Desktop provides centralized security management for users' desktops with Azure Active Directory (Azure AD). You can enable multifactor authentication to secure user sign-ins. You can also secure access to data by assigning granular role-based access controls (RBACs) to _____

users.

Functions scale automatically based on demand, so they may be a good choice when demand is _____

variable.

Containers are a virtualization environment. Much like running multiple virtual machines on a single physical host, you can run multiple containers on a single physical or ____ ____

virtual host.

If you need to host your application on Azure, you might initially turn to a _____ or _____

virtual machine (VM) or containers.

While ____ ____are an excellent way to reduce costs versus the investments that are necessary for physical hardware, they're still limited to a single operating system per virtual machine. If you want to run multiple instances of an application on a single host machine, containers are an excellent choice.

virtual machines

A ___ ___ ___ (VPN) uses an encrypted tunnel within another network. VPNs are typically deployed to connect two or more trusted private networks to one another over an untrusted network (typically the public internet). Traffic is encrypted while traveling over the untrusted network to prevent eavesdropping or other attacks. VPNs can enable networks to safely and securely share sensitive information.

virtual private network

App Service includes full support for hosting _____ apps by using ASP.NET, ASP.NET Core, Java, Ruby, Node.js, PHP, or Python. You can choose either Windows or Linux as the host operating system.

web

With any-to-any connectivity, you can integrate your __ ___ __(WAN) with Azure by providing connections to your offices and datacenters. Azure integrates with your WAN connection to provide a connection like you would have between your datacenter and any branch offices.

wide area network

In regions that support availability zones, VPN gateways and ExpressRoute gateways can be deployed in a __________configuration. This configuration brings resiliency, scalability, and higher availability to virtual network gateways. Deploying gateways in Azure availability zones physically and logically separates gateways within a region while protecting your on-premises network connectivity to Azure from zone-level failures. These gateways require different gateway SKUs and use Standard public IP addresses instead of Basic public IP addresses.

zone-redundant