Dev Psych CH 13

HRT increases the risk of ______ in menopausal women.

breast cancer

The number one cause of death in middle age is

cancer

Metabolic syndrome may result in which of the following?

cardiovascular disease diabetes

Many middle-aged adults experience decreases in the visual fields, creating a problem seeing objects that are

close

Which of the following would be most likely to complicate the findings of a cross-sectional study like Horn's?

cohort effects

Because of _____, the workforce today is sometimes outsourced to other countries with a significantly less expensive labor force.

globalization

______ adulthood is a time for evaluation, assessment, and reflection about work.

middle

The term climacteric refers to the

midlife transition in which fertility declines

Hot flashes during menopause are

more common in some cultures than others

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding middle-aged workers?

most have not yet reached their peak in earnings

Companies' emphasis on profits has resulted in

offers of early retirement to middle-aged adults

Which of the following are memory strategies that can be used to help combat memory decline?

organization imagery

Hearing may start to decline by the age of

40

Approximately ______ percent of men 40 to 70 years old suffer from erectile dysfunction.

50

Approximately ______ percent of 45- to 54-years-olds were in the workforce in 2019.

80

Which of the following statements are TRUE regarding the mortality rates of people in middle adulthood?

Chronic diseases are the main cause of death for individuals in middle adulthood. In middle age, many deaths are caused by a single, readily identifiable condition. Infectious disease was the main cause of death until the middle of the twentieth century.

Which of the following are part of the American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 to improve cardiovascular health?

Control cholesterol. Quit smoking. Lose weight.

Which statement regarding changes in middle-aged adults' memory is false?

Increases in memory are usually found in cross-sectional studies

Which of the following statements is true regarding hormone replacement therapy?

It can consist of various forms of estrogen, and usually a progestin.

Which of the following statements regarding changes in midlife are true?

Many 50-year-olds are in better shape today than 40-year-olds a generation or two ago. Middle age is lasting longer than in years past.

Which of the following statements about hormonal changes in middle-aged men is true?

Men do not lose fertility in middle age.

Which of the following are true about the role of religion and spirituality in the lives of American adults?

More that 70 percent of middle-aged adults say that religion and spirituality are a major part of their lives. There is a significant increase in spirituality from middle to late adulthood.

What was Victor Frankl's view about people's search for meaning in life?

People find meaning, in part, by contemplating questions such as why we exist.

Which of the following was an extensive study of intellectual abilities during adulthood?

Seattle Longitudinal Study

Which of the following statements regarding menopause is FALSE?

The age of onset for menopause has decreased significantly in the 20th century.

Which of the following describe vision changes in middle age?

The retina becomes less sensitive to low light. The visual field size decreases.

Which medications are used to treat erectile dysfunction?

Viagra Levitra Cialis

Which statement is true regarding bone loss?

Women experience twice the rate of bone loss as men.

Viagra works by allowing increased _______ flow to the penis.

blood

In a recent large-scale study, fluid intelligence declined in individuals 65 years of age and older but not in those who were 45 to 60 years old. This finding

contradicts Horn's assertion that fluid intelligence declines in middle adulthood.

John Horn argues that ________ intelligence continues to increase in middle adulthood, whereas ______ intelligence begins to decline in middle adulthood.

crystallized; fluid

Many of the symptoms of menopause are caused by

decreased estrogen production

Processing speed begins to decline in Blank______ adulthood.

early

Cross-cultural studies on menopause indicate that Asian women report _____ hot flashes than women in Western societies.

fewer

Middle adulthood has been defined as the age period between the

forties to mid-sixties

In midlife, sensitivity to ______ pitches usually declines first.

high

Being overweight or obese in middle adulthood is associated with increased risk of which of the following?

high blood pressure diabetes premature death

HRT, which was once routinely prescribed to treat some side effects of menopause, stands for

hormone replacement therapy

What are the characteristics of metabolic syndrome?

hypertension obesity insulin resistance

Research has recently identified that testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) has been found to do which of the following?

improve bone health improve muscle strength improve sexual functioning

Sexual functioning in middle age is LEAST influenced by which of the following?

intelligence

Which statement is FALSE regarding work in midlife?

it is not a central part of midlife

What are the most common sexual problems cited by women in middle to late adulthood?

lack of interest insufficient lubrication

Today, middle age is starting ______ and lasting ______ for increasing numbers of individuals.

later; longer

One of the top six regrets among U.S. adults was not engaging in more

leisure

During middle adulthood, people tend to _____ height.

lose

Identify the six mental abilities assessed in the Seattle Longitudinal Study.

perceptual speed verbal comprehension verbal memory spatial orientation inductive reasoning numeric ability

In which of the following areas is religion LEAST likely to promote health?

physical activity

The most visible signs of aging in middle adulthood involve

physical changes

Which of the following factors can help buffer declines in physical health and cognitive functioning in middle age?

physical exercise and sleep emotion regulation social support a sense of control

Viktor Frankl has identified which of the following as our most distinct human qualities?

responsibility freedom spirituality

To stave off cardiovascular problems in middle age, diets should be of which of the following?

rich in whole grains high in fruits and vegetables low in saturated fat

What are some of the contributors to erectile dysfunction?

smoking diabetes elevated cholesterol levels hypertension obesity lack of exercise

The challenges facing many of today's middle-aged workers include all of the following, EXCEPT

the decline in information technologies

On average, middle-aged adults tend to

to gain weight

True or false: For individuals who are 30 percent overweight, the probability of dying in middle adulthood increases by about 40 percent.

true

In the latter part of middle age, ______ memory capacity becomes more limited.

working

A consistent finding is that as adults become older their age identity, or self-perception of age, is ______ their chronological age.

younger than