Developmental Psych-Chapter 9 Questions

Which of the following ethnic identity statuses is reflected in the idea of the American "melting pot"?

Assimilation

Which of the following statements regarding political involvement in emerging adulthood is true?

Emerging adults are more likely than people in other life stages to be involved in extreme political movements.

Which of the following statements best describes political development during emerging adulthood?

Emerging adults tend to be skeptical of the motivations of politicians.

What is the main reason it takes much longer to complete an undergraduate degree now compared to a few decades ago?

Financial demands require that many students also work, which increases the time to complete the degree.

Which of the following statements regarding religious beliefs in emerging adulthood is true?

In emerging adulthood, religious beliefs are highly individualized.

What factor affects self-esteem in a positive way in emerging adulthood?

Most people have passed through the awkward changes of puberty and may be more comfortable with how they look.

Which of the following statements about online learning is true?

Online learning has the potential to offer the benefits of tertiary education to people who might otherwise lack access to it.

Which of the following statements about sleep debt is true?

Sleep debt has negative consequences for both cognitive and emotional functioning.

Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) peaks during what age period?

The 20s

Which of the following statements best illustrates the process of "recentering" in emerging adulthood as defined by Jennifer Tanner?

The center of emotional life is transferred from the original family to a long-term romantic partner.

Which of the following statements about emerging adults' health is true?

The heart is strong during emerging adulthood and reaction time is faster than at any other time of life.

__________ are most likely to be living on their own rather than with their parents by their early 20s.

White Americans

The average American holds __________ different jobs between the ages of 18 and 30.

8

What percent of American 18- to 29-year-olds use social-networking websites?

90%

Researchers who study young drivers have found that __________.

personality characteristics such as sensation seeking and aggressiveness promote risky driving

Research on the religious beliefs and practices of emerging adults has shown that __________.

religious beliefs and practices are associated with lower rates of participation in a number of risk behaviors, as well as higher well-being

Among emerging adults who face unusually difficult circumstances, such as abusive families, poverty, or a history of adolescent delinquency, it is notable that many manage to adapt and function well. This is called __________.

resilience

Waking up at the same time each day, limiting caffeine intake, and turning off technology at night are examples of __________.

sleep hygiene

According to Arnett, four revolutionary changes took place in the __________ that laid the foundation for the new life stage of emerging adulthood.

1960s and '70s

Researchers who study young drivers have found that GDL programs reduce crashes by __________.

20%-40%

Emerging adults who live in __________ would emphasize becoming capable of supporting parents financially as among the most important criteria for becoming an adult.

China

The relation between unstructured socializing and deviance applies to __________.

adolescents and emerging adults more than to people in other life stages

Compared to other age groups, emerging adults have __________, as a result of spending a high proportion of their time in unstructured socializing.

an unusually high degree of opportunity for engaging in substance use and other deviant behavior

Male emerging adults are more likely than females to __________.

be willing to have intercourse with someone they have known for only a few hours

Which of the following is among the top criteria for adulthood among emerging adults in the United States?

being financially independent

What happens to self-esteem for most people during emerging adulthood?

It increases.

Doug refers to himself as a "cafeteria Catholic" because he believes in God and follows some of the practices of his religion, but ignores the rest. According to Smith and Snell (2010), Doug would be categorized as __________.

a liberal believer

In the United States, nearly all 18- to 29-years olds (89%) agreed with the statement __________.

"I am confident that eventually I will get to where I want to be in life."

__________ learning is an educational approach in which students learn partly online and partly through face-to-face learning in the classroom.

Blended

You are talking to a person who told you that when she was admitted to university in her native country, she studied in only one topic area, rather than taking courses in various disciplines as part of general education requirements. Where is she most likely to have attended college?

Europe

__________ is the region where emerging adulthood is longest and most leisurely.

Europe

Which of the following statements about the health of emerging adults is true?

Exercise tends to decline from adolescence through emerging adulthood, but overall this is a healthy stage of life.

Across developed countries, the most serious threat to the lives and health of emerging adults comes from __________.

automobile driving

According to research, college students are more than twice as likely as other adults to report __________.

delayed sleep phase syndrome

About __________ of American emerging adults "return to the nest" to live at least once after they leave home.

40%

Which of the following statements about friendship in emerging adulthood is true?

Intimacy continues to be an important component.

Which of the following statements regarding emerging adults' political beliefs is true?

Protest movements often involve emerging adults more than any other age group.

Which of the following is one of the largest factors explaining the high rates of unemployment among minority groups?

Shifting employment patterns in the American economy

According to Erikson's theory __________.

failure to establish commitments in the key areas of identity results in identity confusion

While most American students are pleased with their college education, satisfaction is particularly __________.

high among students at small colleges with small classes

Research has shown that in developing countries, __________ are more likely to experience emerging adulthood.

young people in urban areas

Which of the following is a protective factor identified in resilience research in childhood, adolescence, and emerging adulthood?

Having a mentor

In which country do emerging adults most happily live with their parents until their late 20s or early 30s?

Italy

An emerging adult from __________ would be most likely to express the following sentiment upon first entering college: "In many ways, college is easier than high school; it's a relief to spend less time on homework and to have more time to explore my options."

Japan

Which of the following statements best summarizes the current research on sleep patterns of emerging adults?

The peak of eveningness comes at around ages 20-21.

In the course of the 20s, time spent in leisure activities with friends __________.

declines steadily

Data from the national Monitoring the Future study has shown that substance use of all kinds peaks in the __________.

early 20s

Several interventions have been developed to reduce automobile injuries and fatalities for novice drivers. Which of the following approaches has been shown to be most effective?

Graduated driver licensing programs

Based on current research, which of the following statements about media use in emerging adulthood is true?

Social-networking profiles are often a way for individuals to express their identity.

Jacob, an only child, has been pressured by his father to take over the family car business. Reluctantly, Jacob has agreed to this because his father told him that he wanted to be able to pass on the fruits of his labor and Jacob doesn't think he can earn a better salary doing anything else. He has not explored his options, but has accepted the identity his father chose for him. According to Marcia's model, Jacob would be described as having which identity status?

Foreclosure

Shakira and Jerome are in an argument over childcare. Rather than put their two children in daycare, Jerome would like to be a stay-at-home father. Shakira thinks that because Jerome is a man, he will not be able to nurture and care for their two children as well as she would. Shakira is exhibiting concerns rooted in __________.

Gender Stereotypes

Which of the following ethnic identity statuses involves rejecting one's culture of origin but also feeling rejected by the majority culture?

Marginality

Which of the following statements regarding emerging adulthood is true?

Nearly all of them are optimistic about what their personal future holds.

Which of the following statements regarding gender-based evaluations of work is true?

Some studies have found that evaluations can be especially harsh when a person's behavior violates stereotypical gender expectations.