Developmental psych

Joe is 70 years old and recalls names of teachers or classmates from when he was an adolescent, but has difficulty remembering information presented quickly and orally, such as complicated instructions. His ________ memory seems to be intact, but his ________ memory is showing decline.

long-term; working

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the influence of culture on perceptions and attitudes toward death?

Culture provides a general framework and influence for the development of these perceptions and attitudes

sheila retired two years ago at the age of 65. She would have worked a few more years, but felt pressure to make room for new younger recruits at her state job. No longer as active on a daily basis, her morale and self concept are lower. In addressing this issue, a developmental psychologist may recommend that Sheila gets involved in voluntary and leisure organizations, child care or other forms of social interaction. This supports which theory?

Activity theory

Which of the following describes an example of passive euthanasia?

Ceasing to provide the individual with food or other necessities to live

Which of the following distinguishes palliative care from regular medical treatment?

It has a more holistic focus than regular medical treatment

How has the leading cause of death changed from 1900 to the present-day in the United States?

It has shifted from infectious diseases to chronic diseases.

Fluid intelligence is concerned with the cognitive mechanics of the human mind; Crystallized intelligence with the skills and experience acquired over a period of time. Nunes & Kramer (2009) compared older and younger air traffic controllers in Canada. They found a significant difference between information processing speeds in tasks unrelated to their occupation which favored the younger group. However, with regard to cognitive tasks related to the job, the results were largely identical. How did they explain this?

It's a trade-off, with crystallized intelligence gained from experience compensating for a decline in information processing speeds

Which statement is true of life expectancies in the United States?

Life expectancies in the United States are higher for women than men.

________ involves the storage of information for long periods of time, whereas ________ is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that is responsible for temporarily holding information available for processing and most sensitive to decline in old age.

Long-term memory; Working memory

Significantly more men repartner after "gray divorce"—22% of women and 37% of men. Women live longer than men, but this would not account for this difference in ratio. What two reasons are given to describe this large numerical difference?

Men prefer to repartner with younger women, older women often prefer to retain their autonomy at this age and are unwilling to to adopt another caring role.

Papernow (2018) claims that reconstituted families after a "gray divorce" with adult children may encounter more difficulties blending together than younger parents/step-parents with younger children. What is a contributing factor for this?

Relationships, and previously patterns of interaction have formed over a longer period of time

Sebastian is age 75 and was married for 42 years. His spouse died more than 3 years ago. Helen is also 75 and is now widowed after 50 years of marriage. Which of the two may experience complicated grief, or difficulty because they do have a social network and can take care of their own daily needs? Question options:

Sebastian

What is the difference between social death and psychological death?

Social death occurs when individuals withdraw from the dying individual, while psychological death occurs when the individual withdraws from others.

What does physiological death refer to?

The ceasing of vital organs to function.

What are personal control beliefs?

The idea that the individual can dictate outcomes in a specific situation.

Which of the following is the description used by developmental psychologists to categorize the "oldest old"?

They are frail and in need of care

Which of the following is the description used by developmental psychologists to describe the functional age of the "young old"?

They live independently and are healthy and active

What type of training have doctors who specialize in palliative care had that distinguishes them from other doctors?

Training to help patients and their families cope with the reality of the impending death.

Essie is an 86-year-old woman who tries to function independently but has suffered for several years with forgetfulness, especially with recent memories. She has trouble finding her car in the parking lot after grocery shopping. The store managers have called her children to come and help her. She has been known to forget her way home at times. Her children worry that she may have a form of dementia called ________.

alzheimers disease

Denise has been retired for 12 years and is 72 years old. She is having a conversation with her daughter, discussing plans to do different things with each of her grandchildren during the summer vacation. She loves spending time with them and values her friendship with them. What style of grandparenting characterizes the type of grandparent Denise must be?

companionate grandparent

Which of the following summarizes the stages of loss from Kubler-Ross' model in the order that this model presents them?

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

Menopause in women is a natural part of aging. During this transition the body's production of two hormones fluctuate and decrease. One is progesterone, the other is ________

estrogen conflict

Lorraine is 70 years old and complains that she cannot read or drive as well as she once could because her vision and especially her peripheral vision has decreased. After an eye exam, the Doctor tells her that the fluid in her eyes cannot be drained properly causing too much pressure in the fluid in her eyes. What condition does Lorraine have?

glaucoma

Family members, primarily women, often perform a valuable function in keeping other family members informed about the well-being of other family members. This creating, maintaining and monitoring function informs other family members when others need emotional and physical support. This has come to be known in the academic literature as ________.

kinkeeping

Exactly when fluid intelligence begins to decrease is an object of some debate in the academic literature. Some date it from the late 20s, others somewhat later, around the mid 40s. There are of course differences between individual persons. Assuming Jim is in his late 50s, what kind of cognitive information will he likely process in slower fashion that when he was 20?

new or novel information

A person's subjective age can change on a

on a daily basis

Clark and Lois have a generally happy marriage but also have some conflicts in their marriage that they argue about on a weekly, sometimes daily basis. Clark's spontaneous absences, Lois' intense work schedule, and insecurities that are unlikely to change are what John Gottman would call ________.

perpetual conflicts

Which type of death is characterized by the failure of vital organs, often resulting in difficulty with eating and breathing?

physiological

Harvey, who is suffering from poor health in a nursing home, is told by the doctor that he will probably not live another six months. Harvey tries to remain positive, but visits from his family and friends become more infrequent and the doctors and nurses seem to avoid him. Which aspect of death is characterized by this behavior?

social

There is now increasing evidence about the harmful effects of chronic inflammation in general. It is implicated in a whole series of degenerative illnesses. What diet is recommended in helping to avoid this?

the mediterannian diet