Developmental Psychology Chapter 6

In Bandura's experiment, both groups of children were equally likely to make aggressive remarks toward the doll.

,false

Personality theorist Harry Stack Sullivan believed that the developmental needs of self-validation and intimacy emerge at around age _____.

9

_____ refers to the process of making billions of connections between neurons.

Synaptogenesis

Raheem is talking to his mom on the phone. Raheem's mom lists some items she'd like him to pick up at the grocery store. Raheem tries repeating the items to himself, but forgets some of them as he listens to a story his mom starts telling about the neighbors. Raheem's rehearsal failed because his _____ memory capacity was insufficient for both the grocery items and his mom's story. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

working

_____ is to externalizing tendencies as ______ is to internalizing tendencies.

Aggression; timidity

Which suggestion would NOT be on a list of information-processing guidelines for adults to use during middle childhood?

Get the children to physically act out their immediate feelings.

Which statement about cyberbullying is FALSE?

It is less toxic that bullying IRL (in real life)

_____ is MORE likely with children who have internalizing problems.

Learned helplessness

_____ aggression involves impulsive retaliation for harmful acts.

Reactive

_____ refers specifically to the ability to focus only on relevant information.

Selective attention

Which statement about friends is FALSE?

They rarely disagree or fight.

Which child is in middle childhood?

Toya, who is 8

_____ is a limited-capacity gateway system containing all the material that one can keep in awareness at a single time.

Working memory

Prosocial behavior refers to _____.

actions that are helpful and kind

Which trait is NOT typical of popular children in elementary school?

being very physically aggressive

According to Piaget, middle childhood corresponds to the ______ stage of cognitive development.

concrete operations

Children attain a realistic understanding of the world during the _____ stage.

concrete operations

Western legal systems that suggest that children who are 7 or 8 years old have attained the ability to reason are consistent with Piaget's theory because basic reasoning skills appear during the _____ period.

concrete operations

In mathematics education, the abstract concept of the variable, usually represented as "x" or "y," is often introduced when children are about 12 years old, marking the transition from the _____ stage to the _____ stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

concrete operations; formal operations

Characterized by excessive restlessness and distractibility, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is most often diagnosed among _____, with _____ being affected MORE often.

elementary schoolage students; boys

Megan acts on her immediate impulses and behaves disruptively and aggressively. Megan _____.

has externalizing tendencies

Eight-year-old Ahmed doesn't care about sports at all and reports that he is not a very good athlete. The fact that he is not a good athlete will _____ his self-esteem.

have little impact on

______ develops when people feel unable to affect the outcome of events, and so give up without trying.

learned helplessness

Suppose a developmental scientist developed a measure called the Helicopter Parenting Inventory (HPI). Higher scores on the HPI indicate more extensive parental surveillance of children. Scores on this measure should be ______ correlated with the amount of physical activity among middle school students.

negatively

In elementary school classes, children who get many "most liked" rankings and no "most disliked" rankings by their classmates are defined as _____ children.

popular

Sharing, helping, and caring actions constitute _____ behavior.

prosocial

Mrs. Brierly tells her study skills class that "repetition is the key to learning." This advice emphasizes the role of _____ in learning

rehearsal

Feeling upset for a person in distress exemplifies a state called _____

sympathy

Bandura's experiment showed that children will not only imitate the model's specific aggressive behaviors but will also invent novel aggressive actions in their own spontaneous play.

true

In Bandura's experiment, the control group had exactly the same experiences as the experimental group except that the children in the control group did not observe the model hitting the Bobo doll and making aggressive remarks toward it.

true

When the children in Bandura's experimental group were left alone with the doll, they were more likely to hit the doll than were the children in the control group.

true

Eight-year-old Jewel will _____ if she successfully resolves the Eriksonian psychosocial task of middle childhood

work for what she wants

According to Erikson, children in middle childhood learn to _____.

work for what they want

Which would NOT benefit children with ADHD?

distracting environments

Children with _____ tend to act on their immediate emotions and behave aggressively.

externalizing tendencies

According to Erikson, the failure to resolve the key psychosocial task of middle childhood will result in feelings of _____.

inferiority