DHN 101 Final Exam

Which of the following are recommendations for dietary fat intake in athletes? Check all that apply.

20-35% of energy should come from fat consume health-promoting fats, including monounsaturated fatty acids and omega-3 fatty acids limit saturated fat and cholesterol in the diet

According to BMI classifications for adults, a person with obesity has a BMI greater than or equal to _______.

30

Which of the following are characteristics of food deserts?

A person living in this area has difficulty obtaining nutritious foods. A person living in an urban community lives further than 0.5 miles away from the nearest grocery store. A person living in a rural community lives further than 10 miles away from the nearest grocery store. A person living in this area is likely to be low-income.

Which of the following statements is false? A. Certain genes influences mechanisms of energy storage and expenditure in the body, thus influencing BMI. B. Certain genes can increase a person's risk for developing obesity. C. The genetic risk score provides the cumulative impact of all of the genes on risk for obesity. D. Genetic defects are the primary contributor to obesity.

A. Certain genes influences mechanisms of energy storage and expenditure in the body, thus influencing BMI.

Which of the following statements is true? A. Lack of sweating is a sign of heatstroke. B. Caffeinated beverages are recommended for treating a person with heatstroke. C. Exercise-associated muscle cramps are muscle spasms that usually occur in the abdomen. D. A person suffering from exercise-associated muscle cramps typically has a body temperature of 105ºF or higher.

A. Lack of sweating is a sign of heatstroke.

Which of the following statements is true? A. The oxygen energy system does not produce ATP. B. The lactic acid energy system requires large quantities of oxygen to function properly. C. While at rest, a muscle cell stores only a small amount of ATP. D. Gram per gram, sugars supply more energy than fats.

C. While at rest, a muscle cell stores only a small amount of ATP.

The ________ provides low-income elderly persons with nutritious USDA foods to supplement their diets.

Commodity Supplemental Food Program

Which of the following statements is true? A. Night eating syndrome is the same as sleepwalking. B. People with night eating syndrome have a huge appetite in the morning. C. People with night eating syndrome do not experience any episodic food binges. D. People with night eating syndrome believe they can only fall asleep by having a full stomach.

D. People with night eating syndrome believe they can only fall asleep by having a full stomach.

Each of the following is a common sign or symptom of anorexia nervosa except _______. A. slow resting pulse rate B. extreme thinness C. brittle hair and nails D. frequent diarrhea

D. frequent diarrhea

Which of the following statements about iron is false?

Deficiency uncommon in developed countries

Adolescents who spend less time on social media each day are more likely to develop an eating disorder. T/F

False

Carbohydrate loading helps delay fatigue in athletes participating in events lasting 30 to 60 minutes. T/F

False

What are the the four leading micronutrient deficiencies in the world

Iodine Vitamin A Zinc Iron

In 2019, which of the following countries had the highest under-5 mortality rate?

Sierra Leone

Outpatient Care

The patient is medically and psychiatrically stable. Eating disorder symptoms are under sufficient control to attend school, work, and engage in normal social activities.

Inpatient Care

The patient is medically and/or pyschiatrically unstable. Vital signs and lab work are often impaired. The patient is worsening and may be suicidal.

Partial Hospital Care

The patient is medically or psychiatrically stable, but eating disorder is impacting school, work, and/or social activities. The patient needs daily assessment.

Residential Care

The patient is medically stable but psychiatrically impaired and not responding to other treatment

Heart rate monitors can be used to estimate TEE during exercise because a linear relationship exists between heart rate and oxygen consumption. T/F

True

Whey protein supplements can enhance exercise recovery and increase muscle protein synthesis in resistance athletes. T/F

True

Childhood xerophthalmia is due to a lack of ________.

Vitamin A

Which of the following statements about WIC is false?

WIC recipients include low-income pregnant or postpartum women as well as children up to 2 years of age who are at nutritional risk

Which of the following statements are TRUE regarding the body's use of protein? Check all that apply.

after strenuous exercise, muscles repair themselves by using available amino acids to synthesize new proteins. after engaging in intense physical activity, athletes may be able to enhance protein synthesis in their muscles by eating protein-rich foods. the carbohydrate-to-protein ratio in low-fat chocolate milk promotes energy and muscle recovery and protein balance after exercise.

Glucosamine

aids in repairing damaged joints

At the same time, the pancreas releases ________, a hormone that slows gastric emptying and reduces hunger.

amylin

According to the DSM-5, the three main types of eating disorders are ________.

binge-eating disorder bulimia nervosa anorexia nervosa

Which of the following body fat assessment techniques relies on the principle that water and electrolytes conduct electricity?

bioelectrical impedance

Which of the following is a complication that can occur following bariatric surgery? Check all that apply.

blood clot formation micronutrient deficiencies intestinal blockage and bleeding wound infections

No concerns or problems with purchasing enough food

high food security

The part of the brain that controls hunger, thirst, and satiety is called the

hypothalamus

Caffeine

increased alertness

Chromium

increases lean body mass

Fat cells are also active participants in hunger and satiety regulation. Adipose cells secrete ________, a hormone that reduces hunger and inhibits fat storage in the body.

leptin

Reduced nutritional quality of the diet due to a limited ability to purchase enough nutrient-dense food

low food security

Which of the following foods is often recommended for an athlete who wants to replenish their glycogen stores quickly after performing vigorous physical activity?

low-fat chocolate milk

Some anxiety over the ability to purchase enough food, but minimal changes in the quality or quantity of food intake

marginal food security

Which of the following are genetic factors that can contribute to an individual's susceptibility to obesity? Check all that apply.

metabolic rate hormone production body frame size

Which of the following factors can influence a person's food choices and eating behaviors and, therefore, impact body weight and body composition? Check all that apply.

mood and self-esteem amount and quality of sleep hormone levels participation in physical activity

Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda)

reduces lactic acid accumulation

Weight lifting, push-ups, and lunges are examples of ________ exercises that develop muscle strength and muscle endurance.

resistance

Which of the following activities metabolizes the highest percentage of carbohydrate as a fuel source?

running the 200-meter hurdles

Establishment where prepared meals are provided to people in need

soup kitchen

Which of the following ergogenic aids are categorized as "Permissible" by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)? Check all that apply.

sports drinks energy bars high protein supplements

A weight-loss medication that contains phentermine will ______.

suppress appetite

Reductions in both the quality and quantity of the diet due to an inability to purchase enough food

very low food security

Which of the following micronutrient deficiencies are most common following bariatric surgery? Check all that apply.

vitamin B-12 Iron Calcium

According to recommendations of the U.S. Department of Healthy and Human Service's Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, adults should perform at least ________ minutes per week of moderate-intensity physical activity per week to prevent weight gain.

150

Which of the following alternative therapies has been found to be effective as complementary therapy in the treatment of eating disorders? A. Acupuncture B. Equine therapy C. Meditation D. All of these choices are correct.

D. All of these choices are correct.

The image above shows a person scraping leftover food from their plate into the trash can. Which of the following statements about food waste are true? Check all that apply.

Per capita, food waste is greater in the United States as compared to South and Southeast Asia. Storing foods properly can help to reduce food waste. To reduce food waste, it is recommended that a person go shopping once a month and purchase everything they will need for the month.

Individuals who actively commute to work or school, such as by walking or biking, significantly reduce their risk of heart disease and diabetes. As well, active commuting puts less stress on the environment than commuting by car, bus, or train. T/F

True

Sandra has binge eating disorder and does not use any compensatory mechanisms to purge calories; therefore, she is likely to develop type 2 diabetes and/or hypertension. T/F

True

________ is an eating disorder that features recurrent episodes of overeating followed by purging behaviors.

bulimia nervosa

Globally, which of the following vitamins or minerals is NOT one of the top four micronutrient deficiencies associated with undernutrition?

calcium

Poor vitamin D status, in conjunction with inadequate _______ intake, contributes to reduced bone density and increased risk of fracture.

calcium

Which of the following are signs or symptoms of diabulimia? Check all that apply.

fear that "insulin makes me fat" extreme anxiety about body image withdrawal from friends and/or family increasing neglect of diabetes management

Nonprofit organization that acts as distribution center for surplus food

food bank

Nonprofit service that provides food to people in need

food pantry

In response to feelings of hunger, your stomach secretes a hormone called ________, which stimulates eating behavior.

ghrelin

Treatment of which of the following conditions involves drinking cool water and spraying or sponging with cool water? Check all that apply.

heat exhaustion heatstroke

Approximately _____ of American adults meet the minimum physical activity recommendation of obtaining at least 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity physical activity.

one quarter

The small and large intestines release ________ that signals the stomach to reduce ghrelin secretion when eating has commenced.

peptide YY

Which of the following factors contribute to an INCREASE in a person's BMR? Check all that apply.

postexercise recovery stress periods of growth use of stimulant drugs

Which of the following population groups are at risk of undernutrition due to their elevated nutrient needs?

preschool children pregnant women infants

Typical treatment for eating disorders includes ________.

professional counseling

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs)

provide energy for muscles

Jennifer has lost weight by following a well-balanced calorie-reduced weight-loss diet plan that includes daily exercise for several months. Recently, her rate of weight loss slowed, and this week, she lost no weight, even though she has continued to follow the weight-loss plan. Based on this information, Jennifer has ________.

reached a "plateau," because she's in energy equilibrium

After bingeing on cakes and cookies, Bonnie practices self-induced vomiting to avoid gaining weight. Based on this information, you would expect to notice ________ as a sign of her purging behavior.

sores on her knuckles

________ is a farming method that does not deplete natural resources or harm the environment while meeting the demand for food.

sustainable agriculture