DHN 212 Ch. 9-12

which of the following portions of food provides the most folate? - 1 cup of orange juice - 1/2 cup of enriched white rice - 1 whole papaya - 1 cup of raw spinach

1 whole papaya

Liyah is a 22 yr old healthy female. According to the adequate intake (AI) for total water, Liyah should consume approximately ___ cups of water daily - 9 - 7 - 11 - 13

11

Paulette takes a supplement containing 10 μg of vitamin D. This is equivalent to ________ IU of vitamin D. Multiple Choice 400 200 40 20

400

Which of the fat-soluble vitamins are involved in growth and development? Multiple Choice D and K A and E A and D E and K

A and D

Which of the following cooking methods can result in major losses of water-soluble vitamins? Boiling in a saucepan of water Microwaving in little or no water Stir-frying in a small amount of oil Steaming in a vegetable steamer

Boiling in a saucepan of water

Which of the following agencies monitors the amount of arsenic in rice and other foods and beverages? Multiple Choice CDC EPA WHO FDA

FDA

Which of the following foods is a good source of vitamin K? Multiple Choice Green leafy vegetables Processed poultry products Enriched breads Citrus fruit

Green leafy veggies

Erika takes megadoses of vitamin B-6 because she thinks it benefits her health. After learning about this vitamin in your nutrition class, which of the following statements about vitamin B-6 would be the most accurate information to tell her? Multiple Choice Vitamin B-6 is the least toxic of the B vitamins. Ingesting large doses of vitamin B-6 can cause nerve damage. Women who take megadoses of vitamin B-6 are healthier than those who do not take such high doses of vitamin. Megadoses of vitamin B-6 can result in calcification of soft tissues.

Ingesting large doses of vitamin B-6 can cause nerve damage

Dental fluorosis is characterized by ________. Multiple Choice immature red blood cells that lack hemoglobin keratinization and death of epithelial cells abnormal changes in the appearance of tooth enamel defective collagen production

abnormal changes in the appearance of tooth enamel

hypoantremia - occurs as result of low blood sodium - all of the choices are correct - can cause drowsiness, confusion, and nausea - can result in death

all are correct

Which of the following foods contain the highest amount of vitamin E per serving? - mango - sardines - peanuts - almonds

almonds

Mia lacks sufficient amounts of intrinsic factor. As such, she is at risk for _____ - scurvy - osteomalacia - anemia - cystic fibrosis

anemia

A team of chemists have isolated an organic, water-soluble chemical from a rare kind of mushroom. The researchers determine that the chemical donates electrons to other substances in the environment that are missing electrons. Based on this information, the chemists are likely to have discovered a/an ________. Multiple Choice precursor auto-analyzing agent amino acid antioxidant

antioxidant

A common role of B viamins is that they - are important as structural components of body cells - are important in energy metabolism as part of coenzymes - act as neurotransmitters - act as hormones

are important in energy metabolism as part of coenzymes

the riboflavin deficiency disease is known as - scoliosis anenecphaly - ariboflavinosis - spina bifida

ariboflavinosis

The human body can absorb some ________ that is synthesized by intestinal bacteria. Multiple Choice beta-carotene vitamin C biotin riboflavin

biotin

Which of the following cooking methods can result in significant losses of water-soluble vitamins? Multiple Choice Stir-frying in a small amount of oil Steaming in a vegetable steamer Microwaving in little or no water Boiling in a saucepan of water

boiling in a saucepan of water

Which of the following is not considered a key function of zinc? Multiple Choice Growth and development Wound healing Sense of taste and smell Bone health

bone health

Having excess body fat increases the risk of ________. Multiple Choice pellagra cystic fibrosis breast cancer scurvy

breast cancer

_____ is the primary anion found in extracellular fluid - potassium - magnesium - sodium - chloride

chloride

Which of the following practices is associated with an increased risk of cancer? Multiple Choice Consuming a diet high in processed meats Consuming a diet rich in fruits and vegetables Consuming a diet high in fiber Being physically active

consuming a diet high in processed meats

Which of the following is not considered a risk factor for hypertension? Multiple Choice Physical inactivity Being overweight or obese Consuming too little sodium Type 2 diabetes

consuming too little sodium

which of the following is not considered a risk factor for hypertension? - consuming too little sodium - type 2 diabetes - physical inactivity - being overweight or obese

consuming too little sodium

Excessive vitamin D intakes can result in ________. Multiple Choice increased blood clot formation deposition of calcium in soft tissues megaloblastic anemia no particular health problems, because the vitamin is rapidly excreted in urine

deposition of calcium in soft tissues

Hypermagnesemia is associated with all of the following except - eating too much spinach - diarrhea - taking dietary supplements - use of antiacids

eating too much spinach

Which of the following statements is FALSE? Multiple Choice Fat-soluble vitamins are generally more toxic than water-soluble vitamins. It is easier for the body to eliminate water-soluble vitamins compared to fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamins A, D, E, and K are digested and absorbed with fats in the gastrointestinal tract. Energy metabolism is an important function of fat-soluble vitamins.

energy metabolism is an important function of fat soluble vitamins

________ is the major storage form of iron in the body. Multiple Choice Ferritin Myoglobin Transferrin Hemoglobin

ferritin

Which of the following minerals is associated with a reduced risk of dental caries? Multiple Choice Arsenic Iodine Selenium Fluoride

fluoride

Rebecca has hypertension. To help lower her blood pressure, she should _________. - reduce her potassium intake - consume more foods that contain iron and zinc - follow high glycemic diet - follow DASH diet

follow DASH diet

Magnesium is involved in all of the following body functions EXCEPT ________. Multiple Choice contraction and relaxation of muscles regulation of blood glucose levels formation of red blood cells synthesis of DNA and protein

formation of rbc

Which of the following is the best source of beta-carotene? - scrambled eggs -non fat milk - grilled sweet potatoes - baked chicken

grilled sweet potatoes

Which of the following foods is not a good source of vitamin E? - whole grains - ground beef - safflower oil - sunflower seeds

ground beef

________ is the iron-containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Multiple Choice Hemoglobin Myoglobin Cytochrome Ferritin

hemoglobin

According to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which of the following minerals is a nutrient of public health concern for pregnant females? Multiple Choice Selenium Nickel Silicon Iron

iron

Marty has hemochromatosis. Which of the following supplements should he avoid taking? Multiple Choice Iron Vitamin D Vitamin B-12 Calcium

iron

Which of the following is an example of a trace mineral? Multiple Choice Potassium Calcium Sulfur Iron

iron

which of the following is an example of trace mineral - iron - calcium - potassium - sulfur

iron

The most biologically active form of vitamin D, calcitriol is made in the ______ - liver - bones - small intestine - kidneys

kidneys

which of the following organs is the leading site of cancer deaths among men and women in the US - liver - lung - prostate - breast

lung

________ are considered cancerous tumors. Multiple Choice Benign tumors Malignant tumors Malignant and benign tumors

malignant tumors

Routine vitamin C supplementation _______ - prevents alzheimers disease - reduces risk of kidney stones - may reduce the duration of cold symptoms - prevents common colds among the general population

may reduce the duration of cold symptoms by a day or so

Felicity's LDL cholesterol level is too high. To lower her cholesterol level, she took large doses of a certain vitamin supplement, but she experienced severe facial flushing and liver damage as a result. Based on this information, which vitamin did she take? - niacin - vitamin b-12 - vitamin c - riboflavin

niacin

_____ is added to refined grain products as part of the enrichment process - vitamin D - pantothenic acid - niacin - vitamin B-6

niacin

Zane had his blood pressure measured at a health fair. The blood pressure reading was 116/76. This is considered ________. Multiple Choice low normal high

normal

Jameela is an Iranian woman living in poverty. She is not seen in public places without being covered almost completely in heavy veils. Her usual diet is comprised of legumes, small amounts of yogurt, whole-grain breads and rice, fruits, and a few vegetables. Based on this information, Jameela is most at risk of ________. Multiple Choice scurvy osteomalacia pellagra beriberi

osteomalacia

Which of the following vitamins is a component of coenzyme A? Multiple Choice Vitamin K Pantothenic acid Riboflavin Ascorbic acid

pantothenic acid

Kesha is lactose intolerant and avoids all dairy foods. She also doesn't like the taste of rice, soy, or almond milk so consumes very little calcium in her diet. As a result of her low calcium intake, ________ will be secreted in response to low blood calcium levels. Multiple Choice insulin parathyroid hormone calcitriol Incorrect calcitonin

parathyroid hormone

Which of the following foods contains the most water by weight? Multiple Choice Safflower oil Peach Saltine crackers Whole-wheat bread

peach

Which mineral is the primary positively charged ion in the intracellular fluid? Multiple Choice Sodium Chloride Zinc Potassium

potassium

maintenance of normal intracellular fluid volume depends largely on the intracellular concentration of _____ ions - hydride and iodide - sulfide and bromide - oxide and nitride - potassium and phosphate

potassium and phosphate

Which of the following foods is a rich source of vitamin C? Multiple Choice Walnuts Red peppers Whole-wheat bread Salmon

red peppers

in the human body, water is involved in - making mineral nutrients - protecting DNA from oxidizing agents - providing energy for physical activities - regulating body temp

regulating body temp

________, found in FMN and FAD, is important for carbohydrate, amino acid, and lipid metabolism. Multiple Choice Niacin Vitamin C Riboflavin Vitamin K

riboflavin

which of the following is a good source of B-12? - strawberries - sardines - wheat bread - kale

sardines

Blake is a college student whose diet consists primarily of enriched white bread, chicken, meat, cheese, yogurt, and milk. Furthermore, he doesn't take dietary supplements. Based on this information, Blake has a high risk of developing ________. Multiple Choice neural tube defects scurvy beriberi pellagra

scurvy

Consuming too much selenium results in ________. Multiple Choice selenosis Kashin-Beck disease Keshan disease cardiomyopathy

selenosis

Which of the following is NOT a key role of vitamin C? - serving as a coenzyme in energy metabolism - enhancing immune function - antioxidant activity - collagen synthesis

serving as a coenzyme in energy metabolism

which of the following statements is true? - excessive intakes of vitamin D cause rickets in children - skin can form prohormone vitamin D after being exposed to sunlight - pellagra is the vitamin D deficiency disorder in adults - vitamin D is necessary for proper collagen formation

skin can form prohormone vitamin D after being exposed to sunlight

Which of the following foods is the best source of vitamin K? Multiple Choice Enriched breads Soybean oil Citrus fruit Ground beef

soybean oil

When participating in an event, endurance athletes often use which of the following foods or beverages to avoid sodium depletion? Multiple Choice Dill pickles Sports drinks Fat-free milk Bottled water

sports drink

A medical researcher is developing a formula for babies that simulates the composition of human breast milk. He wants to fortify the formula so it contains the RDA/AI amounts of all essential nutrients. One of the minerals that he wants to use in the formula has an RDA of 11 mg for infants. According to this information, how should he classify this mineral? Multiple Choice Minor mineral Electrolytic mineral Major mineral Trace mineral

trace mineral

According to the 2015-2020 dietary guidelines for americans, which of the following vitamins is a nutrient of public health concern? - vitamin A - vitamins B-6 - vitamin K - vitamin D

vitamin D

vitamins that are involved in bone health include all of the following EXCEPT _______ - vitamin A - vitamin E - vitamin K - vitamin D

vitamin E

The human body can absorb some of the _______ that is synthesized by intestinal bacteria. - riboflavin - thiamin - vitamin K - vitamin A

vitamin K

Aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone act to increase urinary ________. Multiple Choice iron metabolism water conservation sodium elimination water excretion

water conservation

____ is not one of the major signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia - bone pain - muscle weakness - hypertension - a weakened immune system

weakened immune system