digestive system

The digestive tract is also referred to as the alimentary canal and the _____

GI tract

_____are blade-shaped teeth that function in cutting or clipping

Incisors

Put the following layers of the digestive tract wall in order from the lumen to the deepest layer: 1. lamina propria 2. muscularis externa 3. submucosa 4. digestive (mucous) epithelium 5. serosa 6. muscularis mucosae

4,1,6,3,2,5

_____ are pointed teeth that are adapted for tearing and slashing

Cuspids

The region of the stomach the esophagus connects to is the _____

cardia

After food and gastric juices combine, the gastric contents are referred to as _____

chyme

A feature of the digestive tract wall that increases surface area available for absorption is the _____

circular folds

The _____ is formed by the union of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct

common bile duct

_____ refers to the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food.

digestion

Pancreatic juice enters the small intestine at the _____

duodenal papilla

Bile salts aid in the digestion of fats by _____

emulsifying large fat droplets

The pancreas has endocrine cells that produce hormones and _____ that produce digestive enzymes

exocrine cells

The clinical term for the gas produces by bacteria in the colon as they metabolize indigestible carbohydrates is called _____

flatus

The portion of the stomach that is superior to the junction between the stomach and the esophagus is the _____

fundus

G cells of the stomach secrete _____

gastrin

The _____ is a fatty sheet that hangs like an apron over the abdominal viscera

greater omentum

Parietal cells secrete ____

hyrdrochloric acid

The middle segment of the small intestine is the _____

jejunum

People who lack the enzyme ________ often experience GI upset after consuming milk and other dairy products.

lactase

The layer of loose connective tissue that directly supports the digestive epithelium is the _____

lamina propeia

Name the layer of the digestive tract that has a layer of areolar tissue that surrounds the muscularis mucosae _____

lamina propria

Name the organ responsible for dehydration and compaction of indigestible materials _____

large intestine

The technical term for chewing is _____

mastication

What are the functions of the digestive system?

mechanical processing absorption secretion ingestion

The _____ are double sheets of peritoneal membrane that suspend the visceral organs and carry nerves, lymphatics and blood vessels

mesenteries

Upon swallowing, food moves from the mouth directly into the _____

oropharynx

In most cases, the mumps is a viral infection of the _____

parotid glands

Chief cells secrete _____

pepsinogen

Waves of muscular contractions that propel the contents of the digestive tract

peristalsis

The region of the stomach that empties into the duodenum is the _____

pylorus

The prominent ridges in the lining of the empty stomach are called _____

rugae

The oral cavity performs a _____ prior to swallowing

sensory analysis

Name the organ that is primarily responsible for water absorption _____

small intestine

_____ are teeth with flattened crowns and prominent ridges that are adapted for crushing and grinding

Molars

The enzyme that digests starch into disaccharides and trisaccharides is _____

amylase

The part of the stomach that functions as a mixing chamber for food and secretions is the _____

body

The small, semisolid mass of food formed during mastication is called a(n) ________.

bolus

Within the oral cavity, both mechanical and chemical ________ begin.

Digestion

Sensory nerve cells, parasympathetic ganglia, and sympathetic postganglionic fibers can be found in the _____

submucosal plexus

Muscles known as the pharyngeal constrictors function in _____

swallowing