Dinosaur final test

The dinosaurs were completely extinct:

65 million years ago.

This photo is of an __________, an extremely succdessful ocean predator during the Mesozoic

Ammonite

Most paleontolgist agree that the oldest fossilized bird is thought to be:

Archaeopteryx

This group led to crocodiles, dinosaurs, and birds

Archosaurs.

The largest known dinosaur was the:

Argentinosaurus

Theropod means?

Beast foot

Will there be a dinosaur on the Thanksgiving table? is this accurate? why or why not?

Birds they are considered class relatives. Avian dinosaur = feathered dinosaur = birds and birds are still living among us today. Many scientist believe that they are considered still dinosaurs and some believe otherwise, but to me yes a dinosaur will be at the thanksgiving table.

What did Pangea do during the Mesozoic?

Broke apart causing volcanic lava flows and a warming climate

"K-T" means

Cretaceous-Tertiary

Variation in footprint shape based on nonmorphological features is called

Extramorpholgical variation

Upon asteroid impact, all of the dinosaurs were extinct:

FALSE.

Due to their herbivorous nature, sauropods were helpless when it came to predators?

False

Henry Fairfield Osborn discovered the origin of humankind during his Central Asiatic Expeditions.

False

Human footprints have been found with dinosaur footprints.

False

Othniel Marsh collected most of his dinosaur fossils himself

False

Only marine dinosaurs survived the impact event

False.

Which one of the following is credited with a better, more accurate reconstruction of the Iguanodon?

Gideon Mantell

Dinosaurs were able to develop an upright posture due to which part of the drawing below:

HOLE IN HIP SOCKET

Lambeosaurs likely possessed the ability to _____ because of its hollow chest

HONK

____________ is responsible for the two divisions/classifications of dinosaurs we use today.

Harry Seeley

Which of the following is not true about John Bell Hatcher

He was fired by Marsh for making him look bad as a paleontologist.

The climate towards the end of the Mesozoic had shifted to

Hot and wet, tropical "greenhouse"

Which period of the Mesozoic is known as the "Golden Age of Dinosaurs"?

Jurassic

Prosauropod dinsoaurs were?

Likely both quadrupedeal and bipedal

The " Tree of Life" (all life) is an example of:

Macroevolution

Sanmiguelia is though to be

Marine reptile

Spinosaurus is which type of Tetanuran?

Megalosaur or coelurosaur

Clades are added to the family tree as:

New organisms emerge

Chicxulub is located on the _____ near _____:

Ocean floor; Yucatan Peninsula

The scientific term for the " family tree" is:

Phylogeny

Dinosaurs are classified in Phylum

Reptilia

Who coined the term "dinosaur"?

Richard Owen

Who coined the term dinosaur

Richard Owen

What's at the bottom of the Great Blue Hole?

Scientists think the caves formed during the last ice age, which ended about 14,000 years ago. That was when the cave collapsed leaving behind the blue hole we see today. They found many things but the deeper they went life started to vanish. They found a light buildup of silt on the top of the conch graveyard. The silt is like a record of all the different hurricane and storm cycles and glaciations that have happened. They also found a Coke bottle and a lost GoPro. They also found people who had passed away down there.

Briefly explain the problem with Iguanodon's original fossil assemblage.

The problem with the Iguanodon's original fossil assemblage was that it had to be reconstructed, because it was revealed that the nose was to be a thumb, not a nose, spike. There was a spike of bone that was part of this skeleton which was placed by Mantell on the nose of the dinosaur.

What is the significance of Solnhofen?

The significance of this is that it preserves a rare assemblage of fossilized organisms, with highly detailed imprints and with soft body organisms with sea jellies. This also allows organisms that are from the past to be reconstructed with great detail.

Positive identification of dinosaur stomach stones can only be made if _______. Any other polished stones are called _______.

The stones are found within the stomach cavity; gastromyths

Chinese paleontologists' research infer that _______ may have led to extinction of the dinosaurs.

Thin, brittle eggs

Dinosaur prints in the sediment layers underneath the surface are called _______ and were disturbed by the ________ of the dinosaur.

Underprints; weight

Seas, during the Mesozoic, were described as

Warm and epicontinental

Briefly describe the problems with the arboreal and cursorial hypothesis

With two competing ideas the correct answer may blend portions of both. Early steps of bird origins also may have moved from the ground and then in the trees this combines elements in both of the hypot

A gymnosperm is

a seed fern

Pneumatic means

air passes through

Sauropodomorpha means:

lizard foot form

Mesozoic means:

middle life

Early feathers on dinosaurs were:

more like bristles

A unique feature of the Hadrosaurids was there

multiple rows of "washboard-like teeth."

Iridium is a

rare-earth element commonly found in meteors.

Birds hip structure evolved from:

saurischian dinosaurs

Edward Drinker Cope was extremely speculative and public about the lifestyles and habitats of dinosaurs. One of his incorrect speculations involved his drawing of

sauropod dinosaurs with aquatic habitats

Mammals that survived the impact event were

small, rodent sized

Pachycephalosaurs and Ceratopsians are grouped together because they posses

some sort of frill

Styracosaurus means:

spiked lizard

Thagomizers on the Stegosaurus are:

spikes on the end of the tail

The term dinosaur means:

terrible lizard

A birds wishbone is:

the furcula

Dome-headed pachycephalosaurs' neck/skull was unique because

the skull was fixed to hang forward, nose down

The key to angiosperms' success was

their ability to be pollinated

. The size of a Ceratopsian frill would affect:

their biting and chewing force

The two clades that emerged from Saurischain dinosaurs are _____ and _____:

theropods; sauropodomorphs

Ceratopsians and Hadrosaurs are similar because

they had replacement teeth

A series of consecutive footprints of an individual dinosaur is called a

trackway

Bony plates on the Stegosaurus' back were filled with blood vessels:

true

Dinosaur fossils have been found on every continent:

true

Embryos of dinosaurs have never been found fossilized within eggs

true

Latinized scientific names are sometimes also given to trace fossils.

true

Survival of the fittest is a result of genetic drift:

true

Stegosaurus had _____ rows of bony plates along its back:

two

Diapsid mean:

two temporal fenestra.

The word "tetrapod" means

four limbs

A common name for Hadrosaurids is:

"DUCK-BILLED dinosaurs."

Some Heterodontosaurs' skulls had tusk, some did not. Paleontologists believe the differences were possibly due to: (Choose all that apply)

gender, defense, foraging for food

Which group of Tetanurans developed with complicated air sac chambers

Carnosaurs

Who is credited with the theory of evolution:

Charles Darwin

This group of Tetanurans was the most bird-like and some members has proto-feathers

Coelurosaurs

Tyrannosaurus rex is likely the most well know dinosaur of which group?

Coelurosaurs

Dinosaur fossils found in the Arctic sparked an argument. According to your text, what was the most plausible explanation for dinosaurs' ability to live in such an extreme environment?

Dinosaurs migrated seasonally

In the 1970's, Robert Bakker proposed that dinosaurs were _________, challenging ideas from previous paleontologists.

bird like

Ankylosaurs were:

herbivores

List five factors that are thought to have contributed to the extinction of the dinosaurs:

climate change, disease, volcanos, change of earth's environment, unbearable heat, or being buried alive.

Birds long bones are:

hollow

"KARST" means that an area is:

home to sinkholes and caves.

Cenotes form from the

dissolution of limestone.

The arboreal hypothesis assumes that:

early birds climbed trees or hopped from limb to limb. Flight evolved later

An ichnofossil is

evidence that an organism existed but not the organism itself

Based on the video, an adult ankylosaurus could likely not survive a T. Rex attack:

false

Dinosaurs evolved from birds

false

Hadrosaurs' footprints are very useful in identifying species.

false

The earliest bird is thought to have evolved in the Cretaceous period

false

William Buckland was the first ever to find dinosaur fossils.

false

The Greek roots of the term "coprolite" means _______.

feces rock