Disaster (ch. 28/29)

A hospital emergency department received a call that multiple casualties were on their way, primarily burns from a large factory fire. Which action should the hospital take immediately? a.Call in physicians and nursing staff who are experts in burn care b. Get in touch with the American Red Cross to assist families of the victims c. Ask the governor of the state to declare the area a disaster area so state help can be obtained d. Call surrounding hospitals to set up burn units, because there will be too many patients for one hospital to manage

a

Eight patients were burned in a factory fire. Shortly thereafter, four firefighters were seen with possible smoke inhalation problems. Which best describes how these patients are different from the first patients to arrive? a. The burn patients were direct victims, whereas the firefighters are indirect victims. b. The second set of victims may have scarring, shortness of breath, and persistent hoarseness for the next few days. c. Burn patients probably have skin damage, whereas the firefighters have lung damage. d. Burn patients will need extensive care over time, whereas the firefighters can probably stay the night with oxygen treatment and then be discharged.

a

When would the National Guard become involved in a disaster? When the state has been asked to help an overwhelmed community When the local government requests help keeping order in the community When the president has declared the area a national disaster When the Federal Emergency Management Agency requests such assistance

a

Which best describes how a community will know whether its disaster plan is adequate? By following practice drills involving various feasible scenarios as an initial step of planning When state officials have reviewed and approved the plan After a disaster occurs and reports of deaths and injuries are fairly accurate When federal experts have reviewed and approved the plan

a

Which type of maps is crucial to be included in any disaster plan? a. Resource map showing potential resources in persons and supplies b. Communication map showing telephone wires and cell phone towers c. Geographic map showing, for example, roads, highways, and train routes d. Response maps showing sites of first responders, such as fire stations and police stations

a

Who should create a disaster plan including emergency supplies and where to meet in case of an emergency? All families All families Members of Congress and the Supreme Court All public health employees

a

Which disasters are considered natech (natural-technological) disasters? (Select all that apply.) Constant rain led to mud slides, and whole neighborhoods were buried. River flooding resulted in overflow of the sewage plant and contaminated drinking water throughout the city. The tsunami washed out all the power and telephone lines throughout the downtown area of the city. Volcanic eruption covered the town with ash, making it difficult to breathe. An earthquake caused structural collapse of bridges and highways in the area. People stampeded out of the overcrowded arena, trampling people who had fallen.

a, b, c d

Which best describes why earthquakes would be more frightening than floods to many people, even though both can cause extensive damage? (Select all that apply.) The predictability of earthquakes is lower. Death rate and scope are higher in earthquakes. There is a higher frequency of earthquakes. It is not possible to prevent an earthquake. Imminence of earthquakes is unknown. The intensity of earthquakes is higher.

a, d, e

Which are the responsibilities of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in relation to disasters? (Select all that apply.) a. Delivering first aid and arranging for prescription medications that were lost to be replaced b. Detecting disease outbreaks, their cause, and risk factors, and implementing interventions for control c. Contacting family members with up-to-date information regarding victims and their condition d. Coordinating local services to prevent duplication and fragmentation e. Ensuring that drinking water, food, shelter, and medical care are available to victims f. Setting up safe and comfortable disaster shelters (emergency housing) for families

b, e

An earthquake has hit and buildings are knocked down; people are injured and crying for help. Looters have already started grabbing essential resources. Which action should the community take first? Send in medical personnel to administer first aid and triage the injured Send in law officials to secure the area and ensure the safety of the victims Send in media personnel to share the event and begin efforts to obtain donations for the injured Send in ambulances to transport injured persons to medical facilities

b

As a nurse and a citizen, what is the nurse's additional responsibility in relation to disasters? Expect and plan for the possibility of being called to report to work for additional work efforts in caring for the sick and injured Be aware if there is an unusual increase in the number of people seeking care with similar symptoms Assume the nurse will be asked to volunteer to assist the American Red Cross with helping care for disaster victims Expect to be a role model in preparing for and reacting to a disaster

b

When does disaster management begin? a. Immediately after the disaster b. Before a disaster occurs c. When the disaster begins d. Throughout the disaster period

b

Which disaster would most likely cause the most long-lasting mental health concerns for its victims? A tsunami hit the beach with unbelievable force, water sweeping over the entire harbor, although most boats had been moved to deep water. A forest fire was deliberately set but was not a major concern until the fire suddenly changed direction and people attempting to evacuate at the last minute were burned in their cars. A volcano erupted and lava destroyed the main road to the village where several houses burned, but no one died in the eruption. For the fourth year in a row a flood hit an area, demolishing several houses, but families heard the warning siren and evacuated in time.

b

Which statement best describes how a disaster is the same as or different from an emergency? a. Both emergencies and disasters are failures resulting in extensive insurance claims. b. An emergency is personal, whereas a disaster is communitywide. c. A disaster is personal, whereas an emergency is communitywide. d. Both emergencies and disasters are devastating.

b

Which type of behaviors would a nurse expect to see when a disaster first strikes a community? A sense of all being okay and that one can rebuild and go on Everyone trying to help strangers, as well as their neighbors, survive People involved sharing their stories and reliving what occurred Anger and despair that help being offered is insufficient, slow, and inadequate

b

A man walked to the staging area after an earthquake crying that he was hurt. A triage nurse noted he had cuts, abrasions, and an open (bone was seen) fractured arm. Which action should be taken next? Put a black tag on his shirt and give him a chair to rest in until something can be done Put a green tag on his shirt and he can get in line to wait his turn for medical treatment Put a yellow tag on his shirt and then await transport to a medical facility Put a green tag on his shirt and ask him to use his good arm to help others make it to the staging area

c

Which agency should develop a community disaster plan, have emergency drills to test the plan, and determine the proper response? a. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) b. The National Disaster Relief Agency c. Office of Emergency Management d. State Disaster Office

c

Which set of symptoms would be unexpected after a disaster? Confusion, disorientation, indecisiveness, and memory loss Fatigue with headaches, nausea, and dizziness No unusual feelings or behavior Irritable, suspicious, argumentative, and inappropriate Depression, fear, or just numbness

c

Which step should the nurse take first when triaging a victim of a disaster? Assess mental status Assess perfusion Assess respirations Assess blood pressure

c

A friend who was raped and beaten appeared to be coping well. However, she recently dropped out of school and shared with the nurse that she is having nightmares where it happens all over again, and these nightmares are becoming impossible to live with. Which would be the concern of the nurse? Guilt and concern over what she could possibly have done to invite such an event A late psychological reaction of despair and hopelessness Depression that no one rescued her and saved her from the traumatic event Posttraumatic stress syndrome disorder (PTSD)

d

Which U.S. agency is responsible for overseeing the actions of protecting against, responding to, recovering from, and preventing the effects of disaster? a. American Red Cross (ARC) b. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) c. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) d. The National Incident Management System (NIMS)

d

Which best describes the mission of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)? To enable appropriate response to assist a state having a disaster To distribute federal financial aid to disaster-stricken areas To consolidate all existing agencies, groups, and organizations into a single department To prevent terrorism and ensure resilience to disasters

d

Who is responsible for ensuring the safety and welfare of communities? a. Federal government b. Federal Emergency Management Agency c. State government d. Local government

d