Disorders of Blood Pressure Reg (Prep U)

When a 55-year-old client's routine blood work returns, the nurse notes that the client's C-reactive protein (CRP) is elevated. The client asks what that means. The nurse responds:

"This means you have elevated serum markers for systemic inflammation that has been associated with vascular disease."

A client with a diagnosis of chronic renal failure secondary to diabetes has seen a gradual increase in her blood pressure over the past several months, culminating in a diagnosis of secondary hypertension. Which factor has most likely resulted in the client's increased blood pressure?

Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

Which client would the nurse recognize as needing to be assessed for orthostatic hypotension?

An 80-year-old client who has experienced two falls while attempting to ambulate to the bathroom

The nurse knows that there are many different groups of antihypertensive drugs having varied mechanisms of action. Which medication decreases the exit of adrenergic (sympathetic) stimulation from the central nervous system, thereby decreasing sympathetic outflow?

An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist

A postsurgical client reports calf pain combined with the emergence of swelling and redness in the area, which has lead to a diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What treatment option will be of greatest benefit to prevent further thrombus formation?

Anticoagulation therapy and elevation of the leg

A 70-year-old male client presents to the emergency department reporting pain in his calf that is exacerbated when he walks. His pedal and popliteal pulses are faintly palpable and his leg distal to the pain is noticeably reddened. The nurse knows that the client is likely experiencing which medical diagnosis/possible treatment plan listed below?

Atherosclerotic occlusive disease necessitating thrombolytic therapy

An older adult client's blood pressure (BP) is 120/80 mm Hg when in a lying position. When the nurse retakes the client's BP in a sitting position, the BP is 92/60 mm Hg. Which intervention is appropriate for the nurse to implement?

Encouraging the client to maintain hydration throughout the day

What should the nurse teach the client with peripheral vascular disease and intermittent claudication about exercise?

Exercise can increase blood vessel growth and help to decrease symptoms

A client with malignant hypertension is at risk for a hypertensive crisis, including the cerebral vascular system often causing cerebral edema. The nurse would assess this client for which signs and symptoms?

Headache and confusion

The health care provider is teaching a client about modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis. The most appropriate information to provide would be:

Hypertension

The student attends a health fair and has his serum cholesterol checked. He has a high lipoprotein level (LDL). He understands which of the following about LDL cholesterol?

It is believed to play an active role in the pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic lesion.

Which lipoprotein is the main carrier of cholesterol?

LDL

A nursing instructor is explaining the role of vascular smooth muscle cells in relation to increases in systemic circulation. During discussion, which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for contraction of the entire muscle cell layer, thus resulting in decreased vessel lumen radius?

Norepinephrine

A nurse is planning a community education program on lifestyle modification to manage hypertension. Which topic should be included in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.

Reduce dietary sodium Stop smoking Consume diet rich in fruits, veggies, and low-fat dairy products Limit alcohol consumption

A client is diagnosed with a deep vein thrombosis. The nurse anticipates the administration of which medication in an attempt to dissolve the clot?

Streptokinase

A client has systolic hypertension. The nurse knows that systolic pressure is influenced by which factors? Select all that apply.

Stroke volume Heart rate Contractile force Compliance of arteries

A client is pregnant for the first time and is considered to be at high risk for preeclampsia. The care team should prioritize which intervention?

vigilant blood pressure monitoring

A client has been diagnosed with a dissecting aortic aneurysm. It is most important for the nurse to assess the client for:

Tearing or ripping-type pain in the chest or back

A client who is exercising has a blood pressure of 130/90 mm Hg at the start of exercise and 90/50 mm Hg midway into the exercise. What statement is true concerning this assessment?

The arterial pressure has fallen due to decreased cerebral blood flow.

The nurse is teaching a group of clients about hypertension. The nurse determines that teaching was effective when the clients state:

The incidence increases with age. It is the most common cardiovascular disorder. The systolic pressure is ≥140 mm Hg.

Which type of blood vessel cells in the tunica media layer produce vasoconstriction and/or dilation of blood vessels?

Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs)

A client has just been diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia and is asking what treatment will be needed. About which topics should the nurse educate the client? Select all that apply.

Weight reduction if overweight Smoking cessation Dietary measures to reduce LDL levels

A client is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor for treatment of hypertension. What expected outcome does the nurse expect this medication will have?

Will prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

An older adult client is newly diagnosed with hypertension. Which vascular changes in the aging adult can lead to hypertension?

decreased elasticity of the aorta and large arteries