Disorders of Renal Function

The nurse on a geriatric unit is assessing four clients. Which client is most likely to exhibit bacteriuria?

A client who has a urinary catheter in place due to confusion

A nurse suspects a diagnosis of Goodpasture syndrome for which client?

A middle-aged male who works as a painter

Hospitalized neonates are at greatest risk of developing septicemia related to which procedure?

Catheter-associated bacteriuria

The nurse is caring for a client with recurring urinary tract infections (UTIs). The client asks, "Other than taking antibiotics, what else can I do?" Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

Drink lots of fluids to help relieve the signs/symptoms of UTIs.

Which procedure is a nonsurgical method of treatment for renal calculi (kidney stones)?

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

A nurse observes that a client's urine is cola colored and considers which factor as a possible reason?

The client's urine contains material from the degradation of red blood cells.

What are contributing factors of acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis?

-Occurs after infection of group A- hemolytic streptococci - May result from impetigo - Primarily infects the pharynx

The nurse suspects that a newborn infant who presents with bilateral flank masses, impaired lung development, and oliguria may be suffering from which disorder?

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)

Acute pyelonephritis is a result of:

Bacterial infection

Which client clinical manifestation most clearly suggests a need for diagnostic testing to rule out renal cell carcinoma?

Hematuria

The nurse is planning care for a client with a urinary tract obstruction. The nurse includes assessment for which possible complication?

Increased blood pressure

Which substance would not be found in glomerular filtrate?

Protein

An obese client with a history of gout and a sedentary lifestyle has been advised by the primary health care provider to avoid organ meats, certain fish, and other foods that are high in purines. The care provider is demonstrating an awareness of the client's susceptibility to which type of kidney stones?

Uric acid stones

The family asks the nurse what the usual treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis entails. What is the nurse's best response?

Corticosteroids

A nurse is giving discharge instructions for a client who was diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis 3 days previously. Which instruction is important for the nurse to discuss when teaching the client?

It is important that the client take the prescribed antibiotic for the duration of the prescription.

The acute care unit has had an increase in Gram-negative septicemia over the last 6 months. Which of the following would the infection care nurse know might require clinical focus of the most common cause of these types of infections?

Knowledge of aseptic technique when inserting urethral catheters

A client diagnosed with Goodpasture syndrome would require which therapy to remove proteins and autoantibodies from the system?

Plasmapheresis

The nurse caring for an older adult notes a marked decrease in mental acuity over a 24-hour period. What assessment indicates the most likely cause of this change?

Urine cloudy with strong odor

A nurse advises a client with recurring UTIs to drink large amounts of water. What normal protective action is the nurse telling the client to utilize?

Increase washout of urine

What is the usual cause of acute pyelonephritis?

Infection