Disorders of the hip (Smarty PANCE)

Hip flexion and abduction with anterior pressure causes reduction of hip dislocation (CLICK auscultated)

Ortolani test

What is the usual mechanism of injury in a posterior hip dislocation?

The mechanism of injury is force applied to a flexed knee directed posteriorly - trauma is the most common cause (fall from a height, motor vehicle accident).

What nerve and bone injuries are known to be associated with posterior hip dislocation?

This dislocation is associated with sciatic nerve injury (10%) and avascular necrosis of the femoral head

Point tenderness and a boggy feeling over the greater trochanter indicates what?

Trochanteric bursitis

Insidious onset of a dull ache or throbbing localized to the groin, lateral hip, or buttocks in a patient with chronic steroid use

Avascular necrosis Hip

Hip adduction causes dislocation

Barlow test

Describe a typical patient with a slipped capital femoral epiphysis

An obese boy, 10 to 16 years old, with groin or knee discomfort increasing with activity. He may also have a limp

4-month-old female with asymmetric thigh creases during a routine checkup. Physical exam reveals that the left lower limb is shorter than the right and lay externally rotated

Congenital hip dysplasia

Describe the leg position of a patient with an anterior hip dislocation

Mildly flexed, abducted, and externally rotated

Describe the leg position of a patient with a femoral neck fracture

Shortened, abducted, and slightly externally rotated

Describe the leg position of a patient with a posterior hip dislocation

Shortened, adducted, flexed, and internally rotated