DNA STRUCTURE REVIEW

The backbone of a DNA molecule is made up of two components, what are they?

A phosphate group and deoxyribose sugars

There are four different variations of the monomers that make up a DNA molecule, what are those different variations?

Adenine Cytosine Guanine Thymine

What are the two bases that Purines are?

Adenine and Guanine (they only bond with each other)

Based on this information, scientists could predict that the base ________ pairs with ________ and the base ________ pairs with _______ in the formation of the DNA molecule.

Based on this information, scientists could predict that the base Adenine pairs with Thymine and the base Cytosine pairs with Guanine in the formation of a DNA molecule.

Chargaff rule states that the DNA of any species contains equal amounts of ________________ and ________________ and also equal amounts of ________________ and ________________.

Chargaff rule states that the DNA of any species contains equal amounts of Adenine and Thymine and also equal amounts of Cytosine and Guanine.

What are the two bases that pyrimidines are?

Cytosine (you can spell it as cytocine too) and thymine

What do the letters of DNA stand for?

Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid =Deoxyribonucleic acid

Franklin and Wilkins studied the structure of DNA using _______________, a technique used to examine molecules, and helped Watson and Crick determined that the shape of DNA was a ________________.

Franklin and Wilkins studied the structure of DNA using x-ray crystallography, a technique used to examine molecules, and helped Watson and Crick determined that the shape of DNA was a double helix.

The base pairs are paired by _______________ bonds along the axis of the molecule.

Hydrogen bonds

Who are at least three scientists that contributed to the discovery of the DNA structure?

James Watson, Francis Crick, Rosalind Franklin and Erwin Chargaff

DNA is a polymer made up of many single units called monomers. What are the monomers called in DNA?

Nucleotides

What are the two different types of bases?

Purines: have two smaller ring(s) in their structure Pyrimidines: have one larger ring(s) in their structure

These are called complementary base pairs. Which means the bases of one strand of DNA is ________________ to the bases of the other stand of DNA.

These are called complementary base pairs. Which means the bases of one strand of DNA is complementary to the bases of the other stand of DNA.

The DNA strand has the bases bonded together _______.

with the specific partners.

Adenine and Thymine are connected by ____________ bonds.

2 hydrogen bonds

Guanine and cytosine are connected by _____________ bonds.

3 hydrogen bonds

How many parts does a basic structure of a nucleotide have?

3 parts