DNA Structure Review

The two bases that are Pyrimidines are:

Cytosine and Thymine

What do the letters of DNA stand for?

Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid

Franklin and Wilkins studied the structure of DNA using _______ ________, a technique used to examine molecules, and helped Watson and Crick determined that the shape of DNA was a _____.

Franklin and Wilkins studied the structure of DNA using x-ray crystallography, a technique used to examine molecules, and helped Watson and Crick determined that the shape of DNA was a Double Helix.

Who are at least three scientists that not contributed to the discovery of the DNA structure?

James Watson, Francis Crick, Rosalind Franklin, and Erwin Chargoff

The basic structure of a nucleotide with its 3 parts labeled.

Phosphate Group, Deoxyribose 5 carbon ring Sugar, and Nitrogen-Containing Base (Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine).

These bases are two different types:

Purines and Pyrimidines. Purines have 2 smaller ring(s) in their structure, and Pyrimidines have 1 larger ring(s) in their structure.

The two bases that are Purines are:

Adenine and Guanine

DNA is a polymer made up of single units called monomers. What are the monomers called in DNA?

Nucleotides

The base pairs are paired by the _____ bonds along the axis of the molecule. Adenine and Thymine are connected by ___ hydrogen bonds and Guanine and Cytosine are connected by ___ hydrogen bonds.

The base pairs are paired by the hydrogen bonds along the axis of the molecule. Adenine and Thymine are connected by 2 hydrogen bonds and Guanine and Cytosine are connected by 3 hydrogen bonds.

These are called _____ Which means the bases of one strand of DNA is ______ to the bases of the other strand of DNA.

These are called complementary base pairs. Which means the bases of one strand of DNA is complementary to the bases of the other strand of DNA.

The backbone of DNA molecule is made up of two components, what are they?

A Phosphate Group and Deoxyribose Sugars

Complementary Sequence to the following DNA strand. A=___ C=____

A=T C=G

There are four different variations of these monomers, what are those different variations?

Adenine Cytosine Guanine Thymine

Based on this information, scientists could predict that the base ________ pairs with ________ and the base ________ pairs with _______ in the formation of the DNA molecule.

Based on this information, scientists could predict that the base Adenine pairs with Thymine and the base Cytosine pairs with Guanine in the formation of the DNA molecule.

What does Chargaff's rule state?

Chargaff rule states that the DNA of any species contains equal amounts of Adenine and Thymine and also equal amounts of Cytosine and Guanine.