DnB 3303 Chapter 2

Identify the true statement about drug-related crimes.

Crimes maybe carried out for the purpose of obtaining money to purchase illicit drugs.

Drug use might cause criminal behavior when a person is ___________ .

Under the influence of a drug

Identify a example of a withdrawal syndrome.

A heroin user who experience diarrhea when he or she stops using.

Identify an accurate statement about attributing cause of dependence to a substance.

A substance itself cannot be seen as the entire cause of a dependence problem.

The toxicity that results from the effects of a drug on the behavior of a user is called ___________ toxicity.

Behavioral

The idea that a substance dependence is like a disease takes a broad, ___________ perspective that dependence might be related to dysfunctions of biology, personality, social interactions , or a combination of these factors.

Biopsychosocial

The ________ was set up by the U.S. Government in an effort to monitor the toxicity of drugs other than alcohol.

Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN)

The basis for laws concerning drug use and drugs users was the belief that _________.

Drug use causes crime.

The notion that _________ forms the bases or arguments in favor of passing two laws to regulate drug use and drug users.

Drug use changes a user's personality in a lasting way.

True or False: the total number of deaths caused by cocaine, heroin, and marijuana is higher than the deaths caused by either alcohol or tobacco.

False

To prove that all compulsive behaviors have some common physiological or biochemical action in the brain theorist have ______

Focus on studying dopamine, an important neurotransmitter in the brain.

More than half of all federal prisoners are convicted on charges of ___________.

Illicit drug use.

A criticism of the research work focused on explaining dependence through dopamine levels is that this model ___________.

Is too simple.

_________ dependence on drugs is increasingly accepted as the real riving force behind repeated rug use.

Psychological

Examination of the lives of alcohol-dependent individuals reveals that alcohol dependence __________.

Often exists within a dysfunctional family

Identify the substance, which causes emergency room visits, that is excluded by the Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) system.

Only alcohol use by an adult

_________ dependence on a drug is defined by the presence of a withdrawal syndrome in the user.

Physical.

Toward the development of the __________ of drug use, monkey and rats were given intravenous catheters for self-administration of morphine.

Positive reinforcement model.

In psychology, _________ is a procedure in which a behavioral event is followed by a consequent event such that the behavior is then more likely to be repeated.

Reinforcement.

Prior to being recognized and treated directly, psychiatrist assumed that alcohol dependence was ________.

Secondary to another disorder.

Identify a true statement about the Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN)

The DAWN system collected data on drug related emergency room visits.

The commission of crimes to obtain money for expensive illicit drugs is primarily due to _________

The artificially high cost of the drugs

The 1960s experiment on drug use by monkeys concluded that ___________.

The drugs themselves positively reinforce the drug taking behavior.

Identify a true statement about genetic influence on substance dependence

The specific genes influencing dependence are unknown

The phenomenon, seen with many other drugs , in which repeated exposure to the same dose of the drug results in a lesser effect is known as _________

Tolerance.

In the context effects of drugs , the word _______ means poisonous, deadly or dangerous.

Toxic

True or False; Psychological dependence on a drug can be defined in terms of observable behavior of a user of the drug.

True

According to the early medical models of substance dependence, when was the dependence said to be cured?

When a user had no longer had withdrawals symptoms.