drug misuse and abuse
opiods
(narcotics) drugs that induce sleep and relieve pain, including derivatives of opium and synthetics with similar chemical properties
benzodiazepines
(tranquilizers) class of CNS depresseant drugs with sedative hypnotic, and muscle relaxant effects
nonmedical use or abuse or prescription drugs
- 7million people over age of 12 have used prescription drugs for nonmedical use - common among teenagers and young adults - easier to obtain than illegal drugs - drug abuse by college students is increasing
why college students use of illicit drugs
- positive expectations - genetics and family history - substance use in hihg school - mental health problems - sorority and fraternity membership - stress
inhalants
-products that are sniffed or inhaled to produce highs - legal to purchase but dangerous when used incorretly, generally used by people who cannot afford illicit drugs - common products are- rubber cement, model glue, paint thinner, aerosol sprays, lighter fluid, varnish
antagonism
a drug interaction in which two drugs compete for the same available receptors, potentially blocking each others actions
stimulant
a drug that increases activity of the central nervous system - increased activity, anxiety, and agitation - ofetnjiterry of nervous ex: cocaine, amphetamines, caffeine
transdermal
absorbed through the skin
Psipcybin
active chemicals in a group of mushrooms sometimes called magic shrooms
Rohypnol
benzodiaepine of concern and is commonly referred to as the date rape drug or roofies, - often added to drinks and given to women in hopes of lowering inhibitions and facilitating potential sexual conquests
drug affect on the brain
biological, pathological process that alters the way in chich the pleasure center, as well as other parts of the brian function
Special K
causes halluciantions similar to PCP - less severe than extacy
cocaine
chite crystaline powder derived from the leaves of coca shrub naturally occuring stimulant
marijuana
chopped leaves and flowers of Cannabis indica or Cannabis sativa plants; psychoactive stimulant
nitrous oxide
common dental anesthesia used in aerosol products such as whipped toppings - effects: euphoria, illusions, pain relief
ectasy
common street name for MDMA - synthetic compound with both stimulant and mildly hallucinogenic effects - most well known club drug - creates feeling of extreme euphoria, openess and wrmth, increased willingness to comunicate, feelings of love and empathy, increased awareness, heightened appreciation for music
syntheic marijuanae
contain dried, shreded plant material and one or more synthetic cannabinoids, with results mimic marijuana intoxication, with longer effects
mescaline
derived from peyote cactus in southern US and south america -powerful hallucinogen and CNS stimulant
inhalaiton
drug enter body thorugh the respiratory tract via sniffing or inhaling
psychoactive drugs
drugs taht have the potential to alter mood or behavior
barbituates
drugs that depress the CNS and hace sedating, hypnotic, and anesthetic effects
depressent
drugs that slow down the activity of the CNS
inhibition
effects of one drug are eliminated or reduced by the presence of another drug at the receptor site
drug abuse
excessive use of any drug, and may cause serous harm
recreational drugs
generally contain chemicals used to hep people relax or socialize most are legal
herbal preparations
herbal tteas and other botanical origin believed to have medicianl properties
drug misuse
involves using a drug for a purpose for whihc it was not intended
LSD
known as acid - becoming more popular among young users - in small doses can produce psychological and physcial effects - euphoria is common
amphetamines
large and varied group of synthetic agent sthat stimulate the central nervous system
illicit drugs
most notoriuos type of drug, generally recognized as harmful, all are psychoactive
caffeine
most popular and widely used drug in the inited states - mild CNS stimulants - feel effects within 15-45 min
commercial preparations
most uniersially used yet least commonly recognized substances, household products and cleaners
prescription drugs
obtained only with a prescription from a licensed health practitioner
cross tolerance
occurs when a person develops a physiological tolerance to one drug and shows a similar tolerance to certain other drugs
intolerance
occurs when drugs combine in the body to produce extremely uncomforablt reactions
prescription drugs abuse by college students
of particular concern are drugs such as adderall and ritalin
opium
parent drug of the opiods made from the seedpod resin of opium poppy
avoidance of illicit drugs on campus
parental influence, religion or spirituality, student involvement in learning or extracurricular activities, participation in college athletics, particiaption in healht social networks
over the counter drugs
purchased without a prescriton
injection
rapid form of administration, directly into blood or muscles
dopamine
relay messages about pleasure through the nerve fibers to nerve cells in the limbic system, emotion regulating protion of the brain
marijuana as medicine
releif of of chemotherapy sideeffects, alleviation of multiple schlerosis, glaucoma and other diseases
OTC drug misuse and abuse
sleep aids cold medicines diet pills
GHB
slipped into drinks without being detected, resulting in loss of memory, unconsciousness, amnesia and death
hallucinogens
substances capable of creating auditory or visual distortions and heightened states
oral ingestion
swallowing a tablet or liquid
club drugs
synthetic analogs of existing illicit drugs - popular amoing teens and young adults at nigh clubs and parties
poly drug use
taking several medications, vitamins, or illegal drugs simultaneously- cna lead to dangerous health problems
synergism
the interaction of 2 or more drugs that produces more profound effects tthan would be expected of the drugs were taken seperately
tetrahydrocannnabinol THC
the psychoactive substance in marijuna and the key to determining how powerful a high it will produce
methadone maintenance
treatment available for people addicted to heroin, though controversial due to it's own addiction
PCP
white crytaline powder often sprinkled onto marijuana cigaretted - produces feeling similar to strong CNS depressants - serous side effects occur in larger doese
heroin
white powder derived from morphine - black tar is dark brown, foul smelling, relatively pure and inexpensive