Drugs and Behavior Exam 1
Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of alcohol and other drugs by a woman who is pregnant?
"The placenta is not an effective barrier, so if the mother uses, the baby uses."
A practical way to classify psychoactive substances is the following:
"stimulants, depressants, and psychedelics"
When drugs are taken orally, the effects are delayed for approximately how long?
20 to 30 minutes
"Which of the following statements is true regarding addiction, including compulsive behaviors such as gambling?"
Addiction is a disease analogous to an diabetes.
When the human body is continually challenged by the use of drugs that alter the body,s natural balance, a new normal is created, known as:
Allostasis
The name of the primary evaluation document used in the United States to assess whether a person has a substance-related disorder is called the:
Diagnostic Statistical Manual
The most crucial neurotransmitter involved in behavioral addictions, drug use, and drug abuse is:
Dopamine
"In the United States, the legal drinking age varies from state to state."
False
"Research has shown that supply reduction (drug seizures, interruption of people involved with the drug trade) is a more effective strategy than demand reduction (drug abuse treatment and prevention)."
False
"The more rapidly a psychoactive drug reaches its central nervous system target, the less the reward and the lower the reinforcing effect."
False
Active transport occurs when fat-soluble drugs pass from an area where there is a higher concentration of a drug to an area of lower concentration.
False
Contact absorption from drug-saturated patches applied to the skin allow erratic amounts of drugs to be passively absorbed into to the body over an indefinite period of time.
False
Limiting the places where tobacco smoking is permitted has not reduced the use of tobacco in the United States or other countries where such policies have been implemented.
False
Passive transport occurs when water-soluble drugs such as cocaine cross the blood-brain barrier by hitching a ride on molecules that cross the blood-brain barrier.
False
Psychoactive drugs promote homeostatic conditions in the central nervous system.
False
The most rapid route of administering a drug to reach the braid is intravenously.
False
There is no such thing as psychological dependence.
False
Tolerance to the mental effects of drugs always develops at the same rate as tolerance to the drugs physical effects
False
Which statement is true regarding intravenous drug use?
Intravenous drug use is the most dangerous method because it bypasses the bodyÕs natural defenses.
Using drugs to replace, supplement, or counterbalance the effects of a persons drug of choice is known as:
Polydrug Use
"Because the blood-brain barrier is not formed until a child is one to two years of age, any psychoactive substance used by a pregnant woman can be particularly harmful to a developing fetus."
True
"Compulsive behaviors (e.g., binge eating, anorexia, bulimia, compulsive gambling, sexual compulsion, and Internet addiction) affect many of the same areas of the brain that are influenced by psychoactive drugs."
True
"The physical, mental, and emotional effects a person experiences from taking psychoactive drugs are caused by the modification or mimicking of the neurotransmitter's function."
True
A person's level of emotional and physical stress can increase the ability of psychoactive drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier:
True
Acute tolerance (tachyphylaxis) and adaptation to tobacco begins almost instantly with the first puff of a cigarette.
True
Addictive substances affect how neurons can down-regulate their brain receptors.
True
From our nation's early beginnings, the United States strictly regulated alcohol, opium, morphine, cannabis and other psychoactive medications.
True
Human brain chemistry can be affected by psychoactive drugs, behavior addictions, mental illness, to induced an altered state of consciousness.
True
Mexican cartels have replaced Colombian cartels in smuggling cocaine into the United States.
True
Regardless of which method a person uses to consume a psychoactive drug, the drug reaches the brain through the bloodstream.
True
The central nervous system is composed of the spinal cord and the brain.
True
The compulsive gambler's addiction pathway in the brain becomes hijacked similar to the ways the brain becomes rewired from alcohol and other drug addictions.
True
The potency of drugs today is due to technological advances in refining, synthesizing, and manufacturing methods.
True
When the body speeds up the metabolism and the breakdown of a drug, it is known as dispositional tolerance
True
Which of the following is currently the most popular psychoactive substance worldwide?
alcohol
According to the authors of Uppers, Downers, and All Arounders, a psychoactive drug is defined as:
any substance that directly alters the normal functioning of the central nervous system
There are several routes of administering drugs, and some reach the brain faster than others. Which of the following sequences correctly lists the routes of administration from fastest to slowest for getting drugs to the brain?
inhaling (smoke), injecting (intravenous), mucous membrane absorption (nasal passage), oral ingestion
The Eighteenth Amendment (the Volstead Act) was implemented to
prohibit the manufacture and the sale of any alcoholic beverage in the United States
The British encouraged the planting of hemp in the new American colonies for which of the following reasons?
to provide England with strong fibers from which it could make rope and sails for its ships
The gin epidemic:
was brought under control through high taxes and the strict regulation of the sale of gin is a myth & was brought under control through high taxes and the strict regulation of the sale of gin
Acetylcholine is the most crucial neurotransmitter involved in drug use and abuse.
False
Synapses are able to change strength and function when a pathway is stressed, overused, or underused, such as by the intake of psychoactive substances.
True