DS 3841 - EXAM #1

Internet and World Wide Web

- Internet: a massive network that connects computers all over the world and allows them to communicate with one another; synonymous with the WWW

challenges to individual privacy

- Privacy vs. Convenience - Organizations vs. Individuals - Internet availability - Tracking website visits, etc - Easy to download, steal

Porter's Competitive Forces Model

1. Threat of Entry of New Competitors 2. Bargaining Power of Suppliers 3. Bargaining Power of Customers/Buyers 4. Threat of Substitute Products or Services 5. Rivalry Among Existing Firms within the Industry

Management Information Systems (MIS)

A business function, like accounting and human resources, which moves information about people, products, and processes across the company to facilitate decision-making and problem-solving

fiber-optic cable

A cable that transmits data at close to the speed of light along glass or plastic fibers.

Slippery Slope

A fallacy that assumes that taking a first step will lead to subsequent steps that cannot be prevented

Long-range planning

A formalized process of identifying long-term goals, selecting strategies to achieve those goals, and developing policies and plans to implement the strategies.

programmer

A person who writes and tests computer programs.

key corporate assets

A) intellectual property, core competencies, and financial and human assets

IS's impact on everyday life

Alexa and Siri-based systems are always listening

Wireless Network

Any type of computer network that is not connected by cables of any kind.

computer crime

Any violation of criminal law that involves knowledge of computer technology for its perpetration, investigation, or prosecution.

responsibility

Being responsible for one's actions

twisted-pair cable

Cables made of copper wires that are twisted around each other and are surrounded by a plastic jacket (such as traditional home phone wire).

Non-obvious relationship awareness (NORA)

Combining data from multiple sources to find obscure hidden connections that might help identify criminals or terrorists

Virtual Companies

Companies that rely on a variety of supplier relationships to provide services on demand. Also known as hollow corporations or network companies.

difference between data and information

Data is uninterpreted and information is in a form useful for decision making

ESS Uses

Digital dashboard, portal to deliver the info

golden rule

Do unto others as you would have them do unto you

E-commerce v. e-business

E-commerce and e-business systems blur together at the business firm boundary, at the point at which internal business systems link up with suppliers or customers.

property rights and obligations

How will traditional intellectual property rights be protected in a digital society in which tracing and accounting for ownership are difficult and ignoring such property rights is so easy?

LAN

Local Area Network; a geographic network that covers a relatively small geographic area such as a building or a small campus - no more than a mile distance between computers

MIS Uses

Middle Managers, reports, etc.

DSS Uses

Middle and senior managers to help make decisions

Collaborative systems

One where multiple users or agents engage in a shared activity, usually from remote locations.

analyst

One who analyzes or makes use of the analytical method.

Digital Firm

Organization where nearly all significant business processes and relationships with customers, suppliers, and employees are digitally enabled, and key corporate assets are managed through digital means.

Chief Information Officer (CIO)

Oversees all uses of IT and ensures the strategic alignment of IT with business goals and objectives

Areas impacted by collaborative systems:

Productivity, quality, innovation, customer service, financial profitability.

Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO)

Responsible for collecting, maintaining, and distributing the organization's knowledge

Chief Privacy Officer (CPO)

Responsible for ensuring the ethical and legal use of information systems

Chief Security Officer (CSO)

Responsible for ensuring the security of IT systems

Targeting "vulnerable" audiences

Some ads were criticized because they appeared to target minories, women and/or children. For example, Virginia Slims cigarettes featured women in a way tobacco companies had not done. Uptown Cigarettes, malt liquor and Hennesey brandy targeted African Americans. The beauty industry has long been criticized for targeting young women and pre-teens.

Intranets and Extranets

Technology platforms that increase integration and expedite the flow of information.

quality of life

The idea that life must have some benefits for it to be worth living and which values of life should be preserved

end user

The person or group who will use the product produced by the project.

risk aversion

The tendency to prefer a sure gain of a moderate amount over a riskier outcome, even if the riskier outcome might have a higher expected payoff.

System quality

What standards of data and system quality should we demand to protect individual rights and the safety of society?

accountability and control

Who can and will be held accountable and liable for the harm done to individual and collective information and property rights?

WAN

Wide Area Network; largest type of network in terms of geographic area; largest WAN is the Internet

Business Intelligence (BI)

a broad category of applications, technologies, and processes for gathering, storing, accessing, and analyzing data to help business users make better decisions

Value Web

a collection of independent firms that use information technology to coordinate their value chains to produce a product or service for a market collectively

Information System

a group of components that interact to produce information. started off as word of mouth, then to storytelling, and progressed to data and storage repositories.

core competency

a set of knowledge and skills that make the organization superior to competitors and create value for customers

Business Process

a standardized set of activities that accomplish a specific task, such as processing a customer's order

accountability

ability to answer for one's own actions

ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning)

allows an order or bill to to proceed through all segments of the organization

mobile device issues

anybody in public can be taped or filmed, huge privacy issues

Flattening the organization

better and more efficient business practices reduce the need for employees, causing the hierarchal structure to flatten out and widen

Management Decisions

bottom up, bottom down, feedback, authoritative, group, etc.

life insurance rates

calculated based on your life expectancy, health, and family history

Primary Value Chain Activities

contribute directly to the production, sale, and service of the product: inbound logistics, operations/manufacturing, outbound logistics, sales and marketing, customer service

Disruptive Technology

displaces an existing business process, market, industry, or product

Due Process

fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement.

internal politics

forces within the organization that influence decision making

smart groups

groups of professionals from the same field

sales and marketing

inducing buyers to purchase the products and providing a means for them to do so

System Processes

input, process, output, feedback

CRM (Customer Relationship Management)

involves managing all aspects of a customer's relationship with an organization to increase customer loyalty and retention and an organization's profitability

Types of MIS workers

knowledge workers, data workers, middle managers, operational managers, senior manager

Bureaucracy Structure

layers of management, typical business set-up

cloud storage issues

less control and more potential comprimises

human resources

maintains policies, plans, and procedures for the effective management of employees

secondary value activities

makes primary activities possible firm infrastructure, human resource management, technology development, procurement

impact of MIS on economics

minimizes transaction costs, agency theory (contracts that serve self interest)

5 components of a system

people/users, info/data, processes, hardware, software

hinderances to sharing

power, selfishness, more work to mentor

insurance rates

rates you pay for insurance that are based on risk; risk is the chance that you may lose something.

liability

responsibility with actual damages

Chief Data Officer (CDO)

responsible for determining the types of information the enterprise will capture, retain, analyze, and share

entrepreneurial structure

small, agile, simple structure

issue with technology's rapid rate of change

social and legal standards lag behind as a result

Organizaton

stable, formal social structure that transforms resources into products or services

KMS (Knowledge Management System)

supports creation, organization and dissemination of business expertise throughout the organization. an electronic library of best practices organized by specific business domain

Transaction Processing System (TPS)

supports the monitoring, collection, storage, and processing of data from the organization's basic business transactions, each of which generates data

Adhocracy Structure

task force-style

motivators to sharing

team building and bonding, mentoring, fulfillment

Opt-out & opt-in

the U.S. has a more opt-out based model, Europe has a more opt-in based model.

manufacturing and production

the activities and processes used in making tangible products

no-free-lunch principle

the idea that every choice involves tradeoffs; a restatement of the scarcity-forces-tradeoffs principle

the more we work together...?

the more successful we are.

Ethics

the principles of right and wrong that guide an individual in making decisions

Information Rights

the rights that individuals and organizations have with respect to information that pertains to themselves

Morals

the rules people develop as a result of cultural values and norms

Value Chain

the series of internal departments that carry out value-creating activities to design, produce, market, deliver, and support a firm's products

organizational culture

the set of values, ideas, attitudes, and norms of behavior that is learned and shared among the members of an organization

organizational structure

the ways in which power and authority are distributed within an organization

Finance and Accounting

tracks how well the organization is doing, pays bills, collects the money

predictive policing

using data on past crimes to predict where future crimes are likely to occur. dangerous for minority-type reports.

Growing MIS fields

· IT Innovations · New Business Models · E-Commerce Expanding · Management Changes · Changes in Firms & Organizations